ABSTRACT
Four pyrazines were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of Hypecoum erectum L. by using various chromatographic methods, including MCI gel, ODS, silica gel and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified as hyperectpyrazin A (1), 1′S-(6-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-ethane-1′,2′-diol (2), 2-hydroxymethyl-6-methylpyrazin (3) and pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (4) by spectroscopy methods (1D NMR, 2D NMR, UV, IR, MS, etc.). The absolute configuration of compound 2 was determined by using the Mo2(OAc)4 induced CD analysis for the first time. Compound 1 was a new compound, compounds 2-4 were isolated from H. erectum for the first time. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their inhibition against acetylcholinesterase and nitric oxide generation induced by lipopolysaccharide-RAW264.7 macrophage cells. At a concentration of 50 μmol·L-1, compounds 2 and 4 displayed inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase with the inhibition rates of 44.40% and 43.99%, respectively.
ABSTRACT
Six compounds were isolated from the roots of Ephedra sinica Stapf using various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, and determined as (Z)-docosanylferulate (1), (E)-docosanylferulate (2), bis (2-ethylheptyl) phythalate (3), 2,2′-oxybis (1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene) (4), diisobutyl phthalate (5), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (6). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, compounds 2-4 were first isolated from Ephedra. A corticosterone-induced PC-12 cell injury model was used for compound activity screening. The results showed that compounds 1 and 5 significantly improved corticosterone-induced PC-12 cell injury and significantly increased 5-HT7 receptor protein expression in the cells, indicating potential antidepressant activity.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether the placement of absorbable collagen membrane increase the stability of alveolar ridge contour after guided bone regeneration (GBR) using buccal punch flap.@*METHODS@#From June 2019 to June 2023, patients who underwent GBR using buccal punch flap simultaneously with a single implant placement in posterior region (from first premolar to second molar) were divided into coverage group, in which particular bone graft was covered by collagen membrane and non-coverage group. Cone beam CT (CBCT) was taken before surgery (T0), immediately after surgery (T1), and 3-7 months after surgery (T2), and the thickness of the buccal bone plate at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6 mm) below the smooth-rough interface of the implant (BBT-0, -2, -4, -6) was mea-sured after superimposition of CBCT models using Mimics software.@*RESULTS@#A total of 29 patients, including 15 patients in coverage group and 14 patients in non-coverage group, were investigated in this study. At T0, T1, and T2, there was no significant difference in BBT between the two groups (P>0.05). At T1, BBT-0 was (2.50±0.90) mm in the coverage group and (2.97±1.28) mm in the non-coverage group, with corresponding BBT-2 of (3.65±1.08) mm and (3.58±1.26) mm, respectively. At T2, BBT-0 was (1.22±0.55) mm in the coverage group and (1.70±0.97) mm in the non-coverage group, with corresponding BBT-2 of (2.32±0.94) mm and (2.57±1.26) mm, respectively. From T1 to T2, there were no statistically significant differences in the absolute values [(0.47±0.54)-(1.33±0.75) mm] and percentages [(10.04%±24.81%)-(48.43%±18.32%)] of BBT change between the two groups. The thickness of new bone formation in the buccal bone plate from T0 to T2 ranged from (1.27±1.09) mm to (2.75±2.15) mm with no statistical difference between the two groups at all levels.@*CONCLUSION@#In the short term, the GBR using buccal punch flap with or without collagen membrane coverage can effectively repair the buccal implant bone defect. But collagen membrane coverage showed no additional benefit on alveolar ridge contour stability compared with non-membrane coverage.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cohort Studies , Retrospective Studies , Alveolar Ridge Augmentation , Collagen , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Bone Regeneration , Dental Implantation, EndosseousABSTRACT
Fourteen flavonoids were isolated and purified from Epimedium sagittatum by various chromatography techniques such as macroporous adsorbent resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, HW-40C and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, and determined as 3′-hydroxy-baohuoside-Ⅱ (1), huazhongilexone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (3), baohuoside-Ⅱ (4), icariside-Ⅱ (5), kaempferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), (+)-aromadendrin (7), kaempferol 3-O-(2-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), sagittatoside A (9), 2″-O-rhamnosyl icariside-II (10), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (11), quercetin 3-O-β-D-apiofuranoyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (12), kaempferol (13), icariin (14). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, while compounds 2, 6-8, 11, and 12 were isolated from E.sagittatum for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Abstract@#E cigarette has become more and more popular among adolescents, and the awareness and use of e cigarettes among middle and high school students have shown a significant upward trend. E cigarette use is not only harmful to adolescent health, but also may become a gateway to other addictive substances. Individual characteristics, products features, environment and other factors were associated with e cigarette use among adolescents. The purpose of the review is to understand the current status and associated factors of adolescent e cigarette use, so as to provide scientific suggestions for the prevention of e cigarette use among adolescents.
ABSTRACT
Fifteen compounds were isolated from fruits of Cornus officinalis by various chromatographic techniques such as Toyopearl HW-40C, Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and the semi-preparative HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, and determined as neolignan A (1), caffeic acid (2), trans-p-hydroxy cinnamic acid (3), esculetin (4), scopoletin (5), benzyl-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), tachioside (7), 6-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl) arbutin (8), 2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxaldehyde (9), (-)-pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), (7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), (7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), (+)-lyoniresinol (13), (+)-isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), and isolariciresinol-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (15). Compound 1 was a new compound and named as neolignan A, and compounds 6-9 and 14 were isolated from Cornus officinalis for the first time. Compounds 2, 3 and 15 efficiently alleviated the PC12 cells injury induced by Aβ25-35, suggesting their potential anti-Alzheimer's disease activity.
ABSTRACT
Seven nucleoside compounds were isolated from the Oenothera biennis L. by various chromatographic techniques such as Diaion HP-20, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, and determined as 9-(3′-carbonyl methyl)hydroxypurine (1), 1-(3′-carbonyl methyl)purine-6,8-dione (2), N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (3), uracil (4), uridine (5), thymidine (6) and 2′-Ο-methoxy luridine (7). Compound 1 is a new nucleoside and compounds 2-7 were newly isolated from the Oenothera biennis L. Compounds 1-2 can significantly increase the viability of BEAS-2B cells induced by TGF-β1, showing potent anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity.
ABSTRACT
Eight polyacetylenes were isolated from the extract of the stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium by various chromatographic methods. Their structures were determined as 2E,4E,12Z-tetradecatriene-1-pyrrolidine-1-oxo-8,10-diynoic (1), tetradeca-2E,4E,12E-trien-8,10-diynoic acid pyrrolidide (2), tetradeca-2E,4E-dien-8,10-diynoic acid pyrrolidide (3), tetradeca-2E,4E,10Z-trien-8-ynoic acid pyrrolidide (4), 2E,4E,12E-tetradecatriene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (5), 2E,4E-undecyldiene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide (6), 2E,4E,10E-N-isobutyl-2,4,10-tetradecatrien-8-ynoic acid amide (7), and undeca-2E,4E-diene-8,10-diynoic acid phenylethylamide (8) by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, ESI-MS, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Among them, compound 1 is a new polyacetylene, and compounds 2-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 5-8 inhibited the proliferation of A549 cell significantly at certain concentration, showing potent antitumor activity.
ABSTRACT
The chemical constituents of Rehmanniae Radix Preparatawere prepared according to the traditional method of "jiu zheng jiu shai" and investigated using multiple chromatographic methods. Six alkaloids were isolated and their structures were elucidated from spectral data and physicochemical properties, as follows: rehmanniae alkaloid A (4-{[(5-O-á-D-galactopyranosyloxy)methyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde-1-yl}butyric acidmethyl ester) (1), baimantuoluoamide B (2), capparisine C (3), harman-3-carboxylic acid (4), (2S)-1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (5), and 1-[2-(furan-2-yl)-2-oxoethyl]pyrrolidin-2-one (6). Among them, compound 1 is a new alkaloid. Compounds 2-6 were newly isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.The effect of compounds 1-6 on NRK-52e cell injury induced by LPS was investigated. The results show that compounds 1-3 exhibit protective effects against LPS-induced damage to NRK-52e cells.
ABSTRACT
Adverse environmental stimulation in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can affect neurodevelopment through epigenetic modification and thus has adverse effects on the long-term developmental outcome of preterm infants. Developmental care can reverse epigenetic changes in genes and promote neurodevelopment in preterm infants. This article reviews the influence of environmental stress in the NICU and developmental care on neurodevelopment in preterm infants, as well as related epigenetic effects, in order to provide a reference for epigenetic studies of preterm infants.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Epigenesis, Genetic , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care Units, NeonatalABSTRACT
Abstract Detection of Salmonella is very important to minimize the food safety risk. In this study, the recombinant PagC protein and PagC antibody were prepared and coupled with immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) to capture Salmonella cells from pork and milk samples. And then the SYBR Green qualitative PCR was developed to detect the pathogenic Salmonella. The results showed that the PagC polyclonal antiserum is of good specificity and the capture rate of 0.1 mg IMBs for Salmonella tended to be stable at the range of 70-74% corresponding to the concentrations between 101 and 104 CFU/mL. The method developed demonstrated high specificity for the positive Salmonella samples when compared to non-specific DNA samples, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The limit of detection of this assay was 18 CFU/mL. Detection and quantitative enumeration of Salmonella in samples of pork or milk shows good recoveries of 54.34% and 52.07%. In conclusion, the polyclonal antibody of recombinant PagC protein is effective to capture Salmonella from detected samples. The developed pagC antibody IMBs-qPCR method showed efficiency, sensitivity and specificity for 30 Salmonella detection, enabling detection within 10 h, which is a promising rapid method to detect Salmonella in emergency.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Detection of Salmonella is very important to minimize the food safety risk. In this study, the recombinant PagC protein and PagC antibody were prepared and coupled with immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) to capture Salmonella cells from pork and milk samples. And then the SYBR Green qualitative PCR was developed to detect the pathogenic Salmonella. The results showed that the PagC polyclonal antiserum is of good specificity and the capture rate of 0.1 mg IMBs for Salmonella tended to be stable at the range of 70-74% corresponding to the concentrations between 101 and 104 CFU/mL. The method developed demonstrated high specificity for the positive Salmonella samples when compared to non-specific DNA samples, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The limit of detection of this assay was 18 CFU/mL. Detection and quantitative enumeration of Salmonella in samples of pork or milk shows good recoveries of 54.34% and 52.07%. In conclusion, the polyclonal antibody of recombinant PagC protein is effective to capture Salmonella from detected samples. The developed pagC antibody IMBs-qPCR method showed efficiency, sensitivity and specificity for 30 Salmonella detection, enabling detection within 10 h, which is a promising rapid method to detect Salmonella in emergency.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Detection of Salmonella is very important to minimize the food safety risk. In this study, the recombinant PagC protein and PagC antibody were prepared and coupled with immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) to capture Salmonella cells from pork and milk samples. And then the SYBR Green qualitative PCR was developed to detect the pathogenic Salmonella. The results showed that the PagC polyclonal antiserum is of good specificity and the capture rate of 0.1 mg IMBs for Salmonella tended to be stable at the range of 70-74% corresponding to the concentrations between 101 and 104 CFU/mL. The method developed demonstrated high specificity for the positive Salmonella samples when compared to non-specific DNA samples, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The limit of detection of this assay was 18 CFU/mL. Detection and quantitative enumeration of Salmonella in samples of pork or milk shows good recoveries of 54.34% and 52.07%. In conclusion, the polyclonal antibody of recombinant PagC protein is effective to capture Salmonella from detected samples. The developed pagC antibody IMBs-qPCR method showed efficiency, sensitivity and specificity for 30 Salmonella detection, enabling detection within 10 h, which is a promising rapid method to detect Salmonella in emergency.
Subject(s)
Animals , Salmonella/isolation & purification , Food Contamination , Immunomagnetic Separation/methods , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Food Microbiology/methods , Salmonella/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/immunology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Milk/microbiology , Meat/microbiology , Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology , Antibodies, Bacterial/metabolismABSTRACT
Chemokine-like factor super family member (CMTM) is a novel generic family firstly reported by Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics. CMTM8 is one member of this family and has exhibited tumor-inhibiting activities. It can encode proteins approaching to the transmembrane 4 superfamily. CMTM8 is down-regulated in most carcinoma cell lines and tissues. Over-expression of CMTM8 may inhibit the proliferation,migration,and invasion of carcinoma cells. However,the exact mechanism of its anti-tumor activity remains unclear. CMTM8 may be involved in various signaling pathways governing the occurrence and development of tumors. CMTM8 may be a new target in the gene therapies for tumors,while further studies on CMTM8 and its anti-tumor mechanisms are warranted.
Subject(s)
Humans , Chemokines , Metabolism , Down-Regulation , MARVEL Domain-Containing Proteins , Metabolism , Neoplasms , Metabolism , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
To establish an analytical method for determination of four bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPF, and BPS) and two alkylphenols (4-n-OP, 4-n-NP) in water by ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS). The water samples were extracted and condensed with solid-phase extraction (SPE) using C18 cartridges and eluted by acetonitrile. Separation was carried out with Acquity BEH C8 column and detection were performed by UPLC/MS/MS. Quantification was calculated by using the internal standard BPA-d16 and 4-n-NP-d8. The linear correlation coefficients of these compounds in the range of 1.0-100.0 μg/L were all over 0.999. The minimum detectable concentrations were 0.75-1.0 ng/L, and the recoveries ranged from 87.0% to 106.9%. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 1.26% and 3.67%. Applying this method to detect the source water of Chaohu Lake and drinking water of Hefei, six target compounds were detected in different levels. This method is simple with high sensitivity and selectivity, could be suitable for the determination of these compounds in source and drinking water.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Liquid , Endocrine Disruptors , Phenols , Solid Phase Extraction , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Water Pollutants, ChemicalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between fractured fragment and joint disc displacement after sagittal fracture of mandibular condyle (SFMC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>based on CT examination, SFMC were classified into fissue, displacement and dislocation type. Based on oblique sagittal MRI examination, the displacement of joint disc was grouped into type A and type B. Abnormal superiorposterior attachment was classified into elongation and avulsion type.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CT exmination were taken in 26 patients with 41 SFMC. There were 5 SFMC (12%) with fissue type, 18 SFMC (44%) with displacement type and 18 SFMC (44%) with dislocation type. Both CT and MRI examination were taken in 19 patients with 32 SFMC. There were 27 (84%) SFMC with disc displacement. Five SFMC with type fissue showed no signs of disc displacement. Among 15 SFMC with type displacement, there were 3 cases with type A disc displacement and 12 cases with type B disc displacement. All the dislocated SFMC (12 cases) were type B disc displacement. In term of superiorposterior attachment figures, 4 cases (4/5) of type fissue SFMC showed normal. 14 cases (14/15) of the displacement SFMC showed elongated and all cases with dislocated SFMC showed sign of avulsion. There were 20 cases (63%) showing superior joint effusion. There were 13 cases (13/15) with displaced SFMC and 6 cases with dislocated SFMC showing joint effusion. One case with fissue SFMC showed no sign of joint effusion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Joint effusion, disc displacement and abnormal superiorposterior attachment were related to the displacement of condyle which was involved with SFMC.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Joint Dislocations , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mandibular Condyle , Wounds and Injuries , Mandibular Fractures , Classification , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Temporomandibular Joint Disc , Pathology , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders , Diagnosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the molecular mechanism of TFE (total flavone of epimedium) in the treatment of osteoporosis, and then provide experimental evidence for modernization and further development of TFE as an traditional Chinese medicine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty healthy female SD rats with aged 4 months were randomly divided into three groups (including control group in which rats received sham surgery, OVX group in which ovariectomized rats didn't give any medicine after the removal of ovaries and TFE group in which ovariectomized rats administrated TFE), 20 rats in each group. Compared bone mineral density (BMD) between before operation and at 4th week after operation in order to verify the establishment of osteoporotic model (criteria: BMD decreased more than 20% at 4th week after operation). The rats in TEF group were administrated total flavone of epimedium(concentration 30 mg/ml, 10 ml/kg, qd) orally for 4 weeks. After this, killed rats to harvest the lower part of the femur and detected BMD again. Applying the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR) to detect expression of OPG, OPGL mRNA in bone tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) At 4th week after ovariectomy, the mean BMD of lumbar vertebra in TFE group fell to (0.084 +/- 0.020) g/cm2. Administrated with TFE for 4 weeks,the BMD increased to (0.112 +/- 0.009) g/cm2. There was significant improvement compare with the OVX group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared between OVX group and TFE group, The OPG mRNA expression of TFE group obviously enhanced. There was significant difference in statistics (P < 0.05). However,the promotion for OPGL mRNA expression were detected between OVX group and TFE group,there was no significant difference in statistics (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study showed that TFE could inhibit differentiation and maturation of osteoclast through enhancing OPG mRNA expression, accordingly,to treat osteoporosis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Bone Density , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Epimedium , Chemistry , Flavones , Flavonoids , Pharmacology , Gene Expression Regulation , Osteoblasts , Metabolism , Physiology , Osteoprotegerin , Genetics , Ovariectomy , RANK Ligand , Genetics , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To systematically evaluate the surgical and non-surgical treatment of condylar fracture using Meta-analysis system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The key words: mandible, condyle, fracture and treatment/therapy were adopted to search for the objective articles from following Data-base: Medline, Embase, CCTR and CNKI. The available data were statistically dealt with by software package (RevMan 4.1).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 172 associated articles, only 10 (5.8%) fulfilled the entrance criteria, involving 711 cases. A total of 307 patients underwent surgical treatment due to severely displacement or dislocation of fragment, 239 of the m (78.0%) being subcondylar fracture. A total of 404 patients received non-surgical management, 278 of them (68.7%) being lower level fracture without significant displacement. Surgical treatment outbalanced non-surgical approach in rehabilitation of occlusional relationship and an adverse outcome was noted in term of maximum mouth opening, but the re was no significant difference in postoperative joint pain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Severely displaced and dislocated condylar fracture is indicated for surgical treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cohort Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Mandibular Condyle , Wounds and Injuries , General Surgery , Mandibular Fractures , General Surgery , Therapeutics , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To put forward a revised scheme on LeFort classification for the upper jaw fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>193 consecutive cases with the primary diagnoses of upper jaw fractures were involved in this study, for each one of which water's and CT scan were available to decide the fracture site and pattern. Data were filed in term of classification items as LeFort I, II and III fracture, as well as sagittal fracture and alveolar fracture. Statistical analysis was done to validate the meliorating thought on and revised scheme on LeFort classification.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was validated that of 185 cases with upper jaw fractures only 30.81% which presented single-line fracture and 34.06% which presented multiple-line fracture were covered with LeFort classification. Additional 13.51% with single-line fracture and 21.61% with multiple-line fracture could be included when LeFort classification was extended with increase of items of sagittal fracture and alveolar fracture. Further results revealed that among total 344 sites or fracture lines included in 193 cases, 81.10% could be diagnosed fracture pattern of LeFort classification. Of 65 fracture sites presenting LeFort III type, 92.31% were concomitant with LeFort II type or LeFort I and II type, very few being alone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A revised classification was proposeded that upper jaw fractures could be classified into four types as follows: (1) high horizontal fracture (corresponding to LeFort II and III type), (2) low horizontal fracture (corresponding to LeFort I type), (3) sagittal fracture (including midline and para-midline fracture) and (4) alveolar fracture.</p>