Difference of adherence, proliferation and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells cultured on different HA/ZrO2 composites / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the adherence, proliferation and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured on different HA/ZrO2 composites.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The simplex and graded HA/ZrO2 compo-sites were prepared using dry-laid method. The surface topography of the composites was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The MSCs were isolated from rabbits and cultured on experimental groups (simplex HA/ZrO2 composite, graded HA/ZrO2 composite, pure HA or pure ZrO2 coatings respectively) and control group (ordinary culture plate). Then, we observed the adherence, proliferation and osteogenesis of the MSCs, detected the cellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, extracted total RNA and detected the mRNA expression of collagen I, osteocalcin and osteopontin using the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The SEM images confirmed that the surface of the simplex HA/ZrO2 composite was coverd by discon-tiguous HA layer with clear visualization of the partial ZrO2 matrix, while the surface of the graded HA/ZrO2 composite was fairly rough with porosity. X-ray diffraction showed that after high temperature sintering, the ZrO2 phase still remained, while the HA phase was transformed to beta-Ca3(PO4)2 , alpha-Ca3(PO4)2 and CaZrO3 phases on the surface of both composites. Cell culture indicated that the HA/ZrO2 composites supported cell attachment. Neither ALP expression nor mRNA expression of collagen I, osteocalcin or osteopontin from RT-PCR results showed significant deviation among four groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Among these four composites, the graded HA/ZrO2 composite promotes the MSCs proliferation and the osteogenic differentiation to a certain extent.</p>

Resection pseudoarthrosis for pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the resection pseudoarthrosis for pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 1997 to June 2005, 25 patients with malignant tumors around acetabular were treated surgically with resection pseudoarthrosis. The series comprised 15 males and 10 females with an average age of 42 years old (range from 16 to 75 years old). There were 4 osteosarcomas, 12 chondrosarcomas, 1 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 neuroectodermal tumor, 1 myeloma, 1 malignant fibrohistiocytoma, 2 synovial sarcomas, and 3 metastases. Pseudoarthrosis was performed after resection of pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular. The affected side was protected postoperatively by skin traction with 2 - 3 kg weight for 6 to 8 weeks. After then, the patients walked gradually with a cane.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 25 patients, 6 had complications (24%). At a follow-up ranging from 3 to 10 years, 11 patients died of lung metastases, 2 relapsed, 12 remained alive free of disease. There was an average crispation of 5 cm (range from 2.5 to 7.5 cm). The patients were functionally evaluated according to Enneking's MSTS criteria in 1993. The average MSTS functional score was 17 points (12 to 19 points). After 3 months postoperative, the patients could sit normally, walk with a cane, and even walk limpingly without cane.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Resection pseudoarthrosis for pelvic malignant tumors around acetabular results in good clinical results at the time of mid-term and long-term follow-up. And pseudoarthrosis is advisable especially for patients with malignant highly tumors around acetabular, poor soft tissue reconstruction condition, high risk for infection, poor economy.</p>

The treatment of knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with vascular injury / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and influence factors on knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with an associated vascular injury through retrospectively study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2002 to November 2007 31 patients with knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with an associated vascular injury were treated, including 24 males and 7 females with a mean age of 41 years (range from 21 to 62 years). Definite diagnosis of vascular injury by combining colored ultrasonic, CTA, operative exploration with clinical signs, fixing fractures and/or dislocations with fixators, plates and screws, reconstructing blood circulation based on the condition of the vascular injury by vascular repair, homograft vein or artificial vascular grafting separately and analysing the effects of PSI, diagnosis and treatment methods on salvage lower extremities.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Successful reconstruction was carried out in 31 cases, however there were 1 death because of mult-fractures and brain injury and 6 amputation, 24 cases successful salvage followed up mean 24.2 months, 6 cases bone nonunion and infected bone defect were cured by delayed bone planting or bone transportation. Ligaments repair reconstruction of 7 cases knee joint dislocation were done in delayed 3 or 4 weeks after first operation, the good functional rate was 71.4%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patients of PSI under 10 grades in knee joint peripheral fractures and/or dislocations with an associated vascular injury should been carried out treatment, early definite diagnosis and blood circulation reconstruction are the key factors of successful salvage treatment.</p>

Long-term result of fibula grafting for reconstruction of the distal radius after giant cell tumor excision / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the long-term result of fibula grafting for reconstruction of the distal radius after giant cell tumor excision.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 1994 to November 2004, 31 cases of fibula grafting for reconstruction of the distal radius for giant cell tumors performed were analysed. There were 12 males and 19 females. The patients were from 19 to 48 years old, and the mean age was 31 years. Twenty-four patients had Campanacci grade 3 lesions, and 7 patients had Campanacci grade 2 lesions. There were 6 cases of vascularized fibular grafting and 25 cases of non-vascularized fibular grafting. All cases were evaluated by clinical and radiologic examinations; the movement of the wrist and the grip strength was measured; the MSTS score and Mayo Wrist scores were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical follow-up time after reconstruction averaged 86.3 months, range from 41 to 169 months. The mean time for bone union at the host-graft junctions was 5.1 months range from 3 to 9 months in vascularized group and 10.3 months range from 7 to 15 months in non-vascularized group. One patient who had non-vascularized fibula grafting developed non-union at the host-graft junction, and one patient had local recurrence (3.2%). Five patients developed an wrist dislocation after surgery. The average movements of the wrist were: 67.3 +/- 9.4 degrees of extension, 31.2 +/- 5.1 degrees of flexion, 14.1 +/- 4.7 degrees of radial deviation, 19.4 +/- 3.9 degrees of ulnar deviation, 33.8 +/- 6.6 degrees of pronation, 15.3 +/- 4.0 degrees of supination. Average grip strength was 33.1 kg range from 15.5 to 52.1 kg. Compared with the contralateral side, there were accounted for 73%. MSTS score averaged 25.5 from 23 to 29, Mayo wrist score averaged 56 from 40 to 65.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>En bloc resection of giant cell tumor of the distal radius followed by reconstruction with a fibula graft is proved to be an effective method and results in a good functional outcome at long term follow-up evaluation. The stability of wrist is achieved by reconstruction of the capsule.</p>

The surgical therapy of periacetabular malignant tumors / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the limb salvage methods and treatment outcomes in malignant periacetabular bone tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of 31 patients of periacetabular malignant tumors who had limb salvage surgery between January 1999 and December 2006 was retrospectively reviewed. There were 14 females and 17 males with a mean age of 53 years (range, 42-75 years). Twenty-four patients had chondrosarcomas, 4 patients had Ewing sarcomas, 1 patient had osteosarcoma, and the remaining 2 patients had metastatic disease. Sixteen patients had Types II pelvic resections, 5 patients had Types I and II pelvic resections, another 5 had Type I and III pelvic resections, and Type I , II and III pelvic resections in the remaining patients. Seventeen patients had reconstructions after tumor resection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean follow-up time for all patients was 52 months (range, 12-84 months). Fourteen patients were alive with no evidence of disease, 4 patients were alive with disease at the most recent follow-up, and 13 patients died of disease. The local recurrence rate and mortality rate in 24 patients with chondrosarcomas was 20.8% and 33.3% respectively. Two patients with metastatic disease died at 11 and 34 months postoperatively. One patient with osteosarcoma and 2 patients with Ewing sarcoma died of lung metastases. Enneking scoring system was used to evaluate the functional outcome in 18 alive patients. In 13 patients who had reconstructions, 6 were in excellent, 6 were in good, and 1 was in poor. While in 6 patients who had no reconstructions, 3 were in excellent, 2 were in good, and 1 was in poor. Minor complications occurred in 6 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Clear margin tumor resection with decreased local recurrence rate is critical for limb salvage surgery in periacetabular sarcomas. The ranges of tumor invasion and resection, the principle of individual treatment should be considered in functional reconstruction.</p>

Endoprosthetic reconstruction after wide resection of primary bone tumor around the knee / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect and complication of the endoprosthetic reconstruction after wide resection of primary bone tumor around the knee.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The retrospective analysis was performed on 83 patients undergoing the prosthetic reconstruction after the resection of the primary tumor around the knee between December 1995 and December 2005. All the diagnoses were pathologically confirmed (58 patients with osteosarcoma, 2 with osteosarcomatosis, 1 with parosteal osteosarcoma, 4 with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 13 with giant cell tumor of bone, 1 with leiomyosarcoma, 2 with Ewing's sarcoma, 2 with chondrosarcoma). The distal femur group was involved in 44 patients, proximal tibia group in 34 (including 33 deficit in proximal tibia, 1 deficit both in proximal tibia and distal femur), total femur replacement group in 5. After operation, the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was used to evaluate the recovery of their corresponding functions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The follow-up for 12 - 130 months (with a median of 41 months) revealed that the 3-year survival rate of the prosthesis was 88.2%, and the 5-year survival rate was 82.1%. As for the complications, local recurrence developed in 6 patients, peri-prosthesis infection in 2 patients, aseptic loosening in 2 patients. The mean MSTS core was 25.0 (19.0 - 29.0) in the distal femur group, 24.4 (17.0 - 28.0) in the proximal tibia group, and 19.0 (16.0 - 21.0) in the total femur replacement group. As to the statistical analysis, the function of the former two groups were greater than the latter one (F = 11.666, P < 0.001), however, there was no significant difference between the former 2 groups (F = 0.813, P = 0.370).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Taken together, the tumor prosthesis gives a satisfactory functional outcome after the tumor around the knee is removed with a lower incidence of complication.</p>

The choice strategy of surgical treatment for giant cell tumor close to the knee / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospectively study and analyze the methods of the surgery management for giant cell tumor close to the knee.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed in 121 patients who underwent surgical treatment for giant cell tumor close to the knee between 1978 and 1997. There were 71 cases had been managed with an intralesional procedure of the tumor (curettage, freezing with liquid nitrogen and autograft or allograft, Group 1), 50 cases with a semi-arthroplasty using allograft after en bloc resection (Group 2). According to the relation of the clinical signs and symptoms, tumor character, operative method and local recurrence, limp function, complication were evaluated. Based on the figure of tumor lesion on CT, a new formulation of treatment was given: (1) I diameter of tumor <or= 1/2, choice of an intralesional procedure; (2) II 1/2 approximately 3/4, an intralesional procedure additional inter fixed; (3) III > 3/4, en bloc resection and reconstruction. The prospectively collected records of 65 cases of patients, 45 cases with curettage, heat cauterization with electrocautery and phenol, autograft and cement (Group 1), 20 cases with arthroplasty using prosthetic (Group 2), who had a giant-cell tumor closed knee, were reviewed to determine feasibility of the new formulation of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The first duration, the rate of the local recurrence between 2 groups showed no statistical difference. There were less complication rate and better limp function after using two different surgical treatment. The second duration, there were no statistical difference with the rate of the local recurrence, complication, and limp function. The number of patients who managed with en bloc resection and reconstruction decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The choice strategy of surgical treatment for giant cell tumor close to the knee should be based on the figure of tumor lesion on CT. It gives a new formulation of treatment to choice of an intralesional procedure and en bloc resection. An effective intralesional procedure should be the method of the first choice.</p>

Study of the morphology and biomechanics of sacral fracture / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the morphological characteristics of sacral fracture under different impact loads.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ten fresh pelvic specimens were loaded in dynamic or static state. A series of mechanical parameters including the pressure strain and velocity were recorded. Morphological characteristics were observed under scanning electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The form of sacral fracture was related to the impact energy. Under low energy impact loads, ilium fracture, acetabulum fracture and crista iliaca fracture were found. Under high energy impact loads, three types of sacral fracture occurred according to the classification of Denis: sacral ala fracture, Type I fracture; sacral foramen cataclasm fracture, Type II fracture; central vertebral canal fracture, Type III fracture. Nerve injury of one or two sides was involved in all three types of sacral fracture. The fracture mechanism of sacrum between the dynamic impact and static compression was significantly different. When the impact energy was above 25 J, sacral foramen cataclasm fracture occurred, involving nerve root injury. When it was below 20 J, ilium and sacral fracture was most likely to occur. When it was 20 approximately 25 J, Type I fracture would occur. While in the static test, most of the fracture belonged to ilium or acetabulum fracture. The cross section of sacrum was crackly and the bone board of Haversian system was brittle, which could lead to separation of bone boards and malposition of a few of cross bone boards.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In dynamic state, sacrum fracture mostly belongs to Type I and Type II, and usually involves the nerve roots. Sacrum fracture is relevant to the microstructures, the distribution of the bone trabecula, the osseous lacuna and the Haversian system of sacrum. The fracture of ilium and acetabulum more frequently appears in static state, with slight wound of peripheral tissues.</p>

Synergistic induction of apoptosis by the combination of TRAIL and low dose adriamycin in human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether TRAIL can synergize with adriamycin (ADM) to kill osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) in vitro, and its possible molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of TRAIL and ADM either used alone or in combination at 24 hours after treatment to U20S cells. Cell apoptosis and its proportion were detected by flow cytometry assay. Acridine orange fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine cellular and ultrastructural changes of apoptosis. The changes of cFLIP in mRNA and protein level were semi-quantified by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) U2OS cells were not sensitive to TRAIL (IC(50) > 1 mg/L); the cells were relatively more responsive to ADM in an apparent dose-effect fashion. (2) The combination of TRAIL and ADM presented a synergistic effect on U2OS cells. Subtoxic concentration of TRAIL (0.1 mg/L) combined with subtoxic concentration of ADM (1.0 micromol/l) killed (49.54 +/- 2.79)% of U2OS cells. (3) The cytotoxicity was mainly attributed to cell apoptosis as demonstrated by flow cytometry assay, fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Subtoxic dose of TRAIL can effectively kill osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) in combination with subtoxic dose of ADM, but not effective when used alone. Apoptosis is the main mechanism of this killing effect induced by combination of TRAIL and ADM. Down regulation of cFLIP at mRNA and protein level is involved in this apoptosis pathway.</p>

Cytotoxicity and apoptosis of human osteosarcoma U2OS cells induced by recombinant soluble AZURIN / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of recombinant AZURIN protein of P. aeruginosa on growth and apoptosis of U2OS cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The AZURIN gene was amplified from the genome of P.aeruginosa by PCR, and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pQE30. The soluble AZURIN protein was expressed in E. coli cells M15, then purified and refolded. After treatment of AZURIN, the cell cycle, proliferation and apoptosis were determined by morphological observation, MTT assay, flow cytometry(FCM) and DNA fragmentation assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential(DeltaPsim) was measured by FCM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The purity of recombinant protein AZURIN reached to 99.1%. Proliferation of U2OS cells were significantly inhibited 12 h after AZURIN (100-200 mg/L) treatment. Apoptosis peak and DNA ladder were observed. Mitochondrial membrane potential decreased gradually from 12 h to 72 h after AZURIN treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The recombinant AZURIN inhibit the growth of the human osteosarcoma U2OS cells and inducs apoptosis in vitroìwhich may be associated with the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential.</p>

Cytotoxic effect of cisplatin with proteasome inhibitor on osteosarcoma cells / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin with proteasome inhibitor on osteosarcoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell survival was tested by MTT, apoptotic morphology was observed by electron microscopy, apoptotic rate was analyzed by flow cytometry, the transcription level of excision repair cross complementation-1 (ERCC-1) was tested by reverse transcription polymerase reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with cells treated with cisplatin alone, cells treated with cisplatin and proteasome inhibitor showed a decreased survival rate, more typical apoptotic morphology, higher apoptotic rate [(14.37 +/-2.37)% vs. (50.93 +/-4.84)%, P<0.01)], and lower transcription level of excision repair cross complementation-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Proteasome inhibitor could increase the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on osteosarcoma cells and promote cisplatin-induced osteosarcoma apoptosis. These effects may be associated with the decreased transcription of excision repair cross complementation-1.</p>

Repairing bone and joint defect after tumor excision with allograft/prosthetic composite arthroplasty / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the results and complications of allograft/prosthetic composite arthroplasty for the bone and joint defect after tumor resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Allograft/prosthetic composite arthroplasty included proximal femoral allograft with total hip arthroplasty (12 cases), distal femoral allograft with total knee arthroplasty (10 cases), and proximal tibial allograft with total knee arthroplasty (3 cases). The bone cement was used to fix the prosthesis and allograft-host bone. Before and after operation, 10 patients with osteosarcoma and 4 patients with malignant fibrous histiocytoma received high-dose chemotherapy for 6 cycles.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean duration of follow-up was 64 months (36 to 112 months). Three patients died within 37 months. The remaining were alive with tumor-free. There were no dislocation or loose of the prosthesis. Two greater trochanters of the allogenous femur were partially absorbed. Synostosis was found at the allograft-host conjunction of all patients. Using the Enneking functional evaluation system, the mean postoperative score for all patients was 23.4 with a range from 17-27.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allograft/prosthetic composite arthroplasty has the advantages of both techniques and can meet the functional need of patients.</p>

Sequential changes in biomechanical competence of femoral neck and marrow cavity of proximal femur in ovariectomized rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the sequential changes in biomechanical competence of the femoral neck and marrow cavity of the proximal femur in ovariectomized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical properties of the femoral neck and the structural dimension of the proximal femur were measured 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 weeks after ovariectomy (OVX) or sham operation (Sham) in 6-month-old female SD rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BMD of femoral neck in OVX rats was significantly lower than that in Sham group 6 weeks after operation, (0.195 +/-0.028) g/mm(2) vs (0.225 +/-0.036) g/mm(2) (P=0.03). Nine weeks after operation,the failure load of femoral neck decreased about 10% in OVX group to that in Sham group, (89.6 +/-7.7)N vs (96.7 +/-7.5)N (P=0.05). The medullary cavity of proximal femur started to show difference 15 weeks after operation (3.834 +/-0.115)mm(2) vs (3.713 +/-0.114) mm(2) (P=0.03).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BMD loss after ovariectomy is associated with a medullary expansion in proximal femur and biomechanical strength deterioration in femoral neck, which might be an important factor of prostheses loosening in the postmenopausal osteoporotic women.</p>

Osteoporosis influences the middle and late periods of fracture healing in a rat osteoporotic model / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of osteoporosis on the middle and late periods of fracture healing process through observing the histomorphological changes, bone mineral density and biomechanical properties in ovariectomized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-four female SD rats of 4 months old were randomly divided into osteoporosis group and sham operation group, 42 in each. Rats in osteoporosis group were performed ovariectomy operation while those in sham operation group were given sham operation. A midshaft tibia fracture model was established 10 weeks after ovariectomy. Tibias were harvested 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 weeks after fracture for bone mineral density, histomorphological and biomechanical evaluation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sham operation group, callus bone mineral density was 12.8%, 18.0%, 17.0% lower in osteoporosis group 6, 12, 18 weeks after fracture, respectively (P<0.05); callus failure load was 24.3%, 31.5%, 26.6%, 28.8% lower in osteoporosis group, and callus failure stress was 23.9%, 33.6%, 19.1%, 24.9% lower in osteoporosis group 4, 6, 12, 18 weeks after fracture, respectively (P<0.05). In osteoporosis group, endochondral bone formation was delayed, more osteoclast cells could be seen around the trabecula, and the new bone trabecula arranged loosely and irregularly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Osteoporosis influences the middle and late periods of fracture healing in the rat osteoporotic model. The impairment is considered to be the result of combined effects of prolonged endochondral calcification, high activated osteoclast cell and the deceleration of the increase in bone mineral density.</p>

Adenovirus mediated antisense c-myc gene on the chemotherapy sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the recombinant adenovirus encoding antisense c-myc fragment and to investigate its effect on the chemotherapy sensitivity of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells to cisplatin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant adenovirus (Ad-Asc-myc) encoding antisense c-myc fragment was constructed by cloning c-myc cDNA of about 720 base pairs in a reverse direction into adenovirus vector, then undergoing recombination, amplifying and being complemented in vivo. The osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were transfected by the Ad-Asc-myc in vitro, and Wright staining, Acridine Orange staining, Western Blot, MTT, Flow Cytometry (FCM) were used to study cell morphology, expression of c-myc protein, tumor cell proliferation in vitro, apoptosis and cell cycle change.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ad-Asc-myc encoding antisense c-myc fragment was obtained with the titer of 2 x 10(9) pfu/ml. Ad-Asc-myc down-regulated the expression of c-myc protein after transfected MG-63 cells for 48 h, combined with the treatment of 2.0, 5.0 microg/ml cisplatin for 2 h could inhibit tumor cells proliferation in vitro by 33.4% and 54.2% respectively, which were significantly difference compared with control recombinant adenovirus (Ad-LacZ) groups (P < 0.05). Acridine Orange staining and FCM analysis showed that Ad-Asc-myc could induce apoptosis of transfected cells, which was enhanced by the treatment of cisplatin cell. Cycle analysis showed that obvious G2/M phase arrested in transfected cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ad-Asc-myc increases the chemotherapy sensitivity of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells to cisplatin as well as induced apoptosis.</p>

Risk factors and prognosis of surgery for spinal metastasis / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the risk factors and prognosis of surgery for spinal metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was performed in 63 patients with spinal metastasis who underwent surgical treatment between June 1992 and June 2002. Forty-one patients underwent anterior en-bloc or partial resection, decompression and reconstruction with internal fixation of the spine. Laminectomy and decompression with internal fixation were done in 8 patients. One-stage anterior-posterior en-bloc resection and decompression followed by reconstructive stabilization were done in 14 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Having been followed up more than 6 months, postoperative radiological evaluation revealed that spinal stabilization was evident in all patients. Fifty-seven (91.9%) patients benefited with quality of life significantly improved through pain alleviation, 41 (66.1%) patients improved in their neurological status. No serious complications were observed in surgery. The mean survival time after surgery was 6 months in patients with lung and liver carcinoma, 15 months in breast, prostatic, and stomach carcinoma as well as the other miscellaneous malignancies and 28 months in thyroid, kidney carcinoma among which groups the difference were significant (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surgical treatment for spinal metastasis is able to relieve neurological symptoms and improve the quality of life. The survival time is related to the site of primary tumor; shorter survival in lung and liver carcinoma, longer in breast, prostatic, stomach carcinoma and longest in thyroid and kidney carcinoma.</p>

Post-traumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle, pubis and ischium in 7 patients / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Post-traumatic osteolysis (PTOL) is a very rare disease occurring after acute trauma or repetitive micro-trauma, which is characterized by persistent pain in the injured site. In this study, we reported 7 patients, in whom osteolysis developed in the distal clavicle, pubis and ischium.

Effect of graded composite zirconia-hydroxyapatite on viability of rat osteoblast cells cultured in vitro / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of a novel orthopedic biomaterial,graded composite zireonia(ZrO2)hydroxyapatite(HAP)on activity of rat osteoblast ceils(OB)cultured in vitro. Methods The pure zirconia material was used as control to measure surface roughness of the composite material that was examined by using scanning electron microscope(SEM)and X-ray diffraetometer (XRD).The rat osteoblast cells were cultured on the two materials.Alkali phosphatase(ALP)of the two groups was measured and ELISA was used to detect IL-6 and TGF-?eoncentration of the supematant of OB cells.Tumor growth factor-?(TGF-?)mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.SEM was used to observe OB cells on the two materials.The extract of the composite material was used for a eytotoxicity test to cal- culate the relative proliferation rate(RGR)and classify the toxicity.Results The surface roughness of the gradual composite materials was significantly higher than that of the control materials(P＜0.01). The ALP of the gradual material group was markedly higher than that of the control group at different in- tervals.There was significant difference of the IL-6 and TGF-?concentrations 2-4 days after culture be- tween two groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The mRNA level of TGF-?of the two OB groups also showed marked statistical difference(P＜0.01).The ossification of the OB cells on the composed material was marked after 14 days.The MTT color experiments showed no statistic significance between materials group and negative group,with the toxicity at levelⅠand 0(P＜0.05).Conclusion Graded composite ZrO2 HAP can significantly promote proliferation and differentiation of OB cells cultured in vitro and has good biocompatibility.

Cytotoxic effect of thermo-chemotherapy with cisplatin on osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the cytotoxic effect of thermo-chemotherapy with cisplatin on osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line and to explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line was treated with different temperature, cisplatin alone and 43 degrees C +cisplatin for 1 h, respectively and the in vitro cytotoxic effect was observed with MTT assay. The cell cycle and the apoptotic rate were analyzed with flow cytometry (FCM); the cellular apoptosis was observed also with electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The cytotoxicity index increase markedly as the temperature elevated or the concentration of cisplatin increased. While treated with 43 degrees C hyperthermia and cisplatin simultaneously, the cytotoxicity index increased to 72.37%;the cell cycle of the treated OS-732 cells line was changed with marked increase in S phase and decreasing in G(2)/M phase. The apoptotic rate increased markedly with the highest of 56.47%. Electron microscope showed the characteristic apoptotic alterations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hyperthermia with cisplatin enhance cytotoxicity on osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line and the induced cell apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of enhanced cytotoxicity by thermo-chemotherapy.</p>