ABSTRACT
A eficácia do Bacilo Calmette Guerin (BCG) é baixa e a incidência de tuberculose é elevada em áreas onde os helmintos são endêmicos. Enquanto a proteção contra a tuberculose exige forte imunidade celular, infecções helmínticas crônicas induzem respostas caracterizadas pelo perfil Th2, bem como o aumento da atividade de células T reguladoras. Portanto, infecções helmínticas crônicas poderiam modular a resposta imunológica necessária para controlar a infecção por micobactérias e/ou a eficácia da vacinação com BCG.
The effectiveness of Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) is low and the incidence of tuberculosis is high in areas where helminths are endemic. While protection against tuberculosis requires strong cellular immunity, chronic helminth infections induce responses characterized by Th2 profile, as well as increased T regulatory cell activity. Therefore, chronic helminth infection could modulate the immune response needed to control mycobacterial infection and/or the efficacy of vaccination against tuberculosis
Subject(s)
Tuberculosis , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , BCG Vaccine , Vaccination , Disease Susceptibility , Helminths , Immunity, Cellular , Infections , MycobacteriumABSTRACT
The presence of intestinal helminths can down-regulate the immune response required to control mycobacterial infection. BALB/c mice infected with Mycobacterium bovis following an infection with the intestinal helminth Strongyloides venezuelensis showed reduced interleukin-17A production by lung cells and increased bacterial burden. Also, small granulomas and a high accumulation of cells expressing the inhibitory molecule CTLA-4 were observed in the lung. These data suggest that intestinal helminth infection could have a detrimental effect on the control of tuberculosis (TB) and render coinfected individuals more susceptible to the development of TB.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , /biosynthesis , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/immunology , Mycobacterium Infections/immunology , Mycobacterium bovis/immunology , Strongyloides/immunology , Strongyloidiasis/immunology , Bacterial Load/methods , Coinfection , Coinfection/immunology , Coinfection/pathology , Disease Susceptibility , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Lung , Lung , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mycobacterium Infections , Mycobacterium Infections/pathology , Strongyloidiasis , Strongyloidiasis/pathologyABSTRACT
A larva migrans cutânea é uma zoonose causada pela migração de larvas de Ancylostoma sp na pele de um hospedeiro não habitual. Neste estudo, foi avaliada a ocorrência de agentes de larva migrans em 16 praças públicas no município de Juiz de Fora, MG. Foram coletadas 64 amostras de areia das áreas de lazer entre os meses de outubro de 2006 e janeiro de 2007 para estabelecimento da freqüência de larvas de Ancylostoma sp, através de isolamento pelo método de Baermann modificado. A presença de larvas de Ancylostoma sp foi observada em 43,7% (7/16) dos bancos de areias das praças públicas pesquisadas.
Cutaneous larva migrans is a zoonosis caused by the migration of Ancylostoma sp larvae through the skin of an accidental host. We studied the prevalence of agents of cutaneous larva migrans in 16 communal spaces in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. 64 sand samples were obtained during the period from October 2006 to January 2007, and submitted to the modified Baermann method for isolation of Ancylostoma sp larvae. Ancylostoma sp larvae were identified in the sand of 43.7% (7/16) of the communal spaces studied.