Mechanism Study on Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Nodular Goiter / 中国结合医学杂志

Nodular goiter has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Clinically, there has been a burgeoning interest in nodular goiter due to the risk of progression to thyroid cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine (CM) in nodular goiter. Articles were systematically retrieved from databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. New evidence showed that CM exhibited multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics in the treatment of nodular goiter, involving hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, oxidative stress, blood rheology, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy, especially inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of cell apoptosis, involving multiple signal pathways and a variety of cytokines. This review provides a scientific basis for the therapeutic use of CM against nodular goiter. Nonetheless, future studies are warranted to identify more regulatory genes and pathways to provide new approaches for the treatment of nodular goiter.

Progress in psychology of premenstrual syndrome / 医学研究生学报

There is a high incidence of Premenstrual syndrome in childbearing aged women. Its clinical symptoms including affect seriously many aspects of physical and mental health disorder of women, resulting in interpersonal relationship deteriorious, decreased quality of life, and even suicidal tendency. The biochemical mechanism of the disease is complex, but the social psychological factors such as personality and habits have reached a consensus on the induction of the disease, which will be the next research direction. Further research will reveal the pathogenesis of PMS from another angle. Based on the field of psychology, the article reviews the relationship between social psychological factors such as personality, personality and coping style and the occurrence and development of PMS, and the role of psychological interventions in regulating diseases.

Changes of tear film after LASlK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser and microkeratome / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASlK)with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser and microkeratome. ●METHODS: Totally 150 patients (300 eyes) with myopia received operation of LASlK. Patients were divided into two groups according to the methods of making corneal flap. The patients of group one were assigned to receiving LASlK with corneal flap creation by lntralase femtosecond laser (190 eyes of 95 patients), group two were assigned to receiving LASlK with corneal flap creation by microkeratome ( 110 eyes of 55 patients ). Dry eye symptom score, tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰtest(Slt), corneal fluorescein staining(FL)were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1wk; 1, 3 and 6mo. ●RESULTS: Dry eye symptom score: there existed obvious differences at 1wk; 1, 3mo between two groups(P0. 05). BUT: there existed obvious differences at 1wk, 1, 3mo between two groups(P0. 05). SchirmerⅠ test: there existed obvious differences in the 1wk, 1, 3mo between two groups(P0. 05). FL: there existed obvious differences in the 1wk, 1, 3mo between two groups(P0. 05). ●CONCLUSlON: The early stability of tear film decrease after operation in both of the two groups. The dry eye symptoms are lighter and recover faster.

Analysis the changes of tear film after LASIK with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser with the different gender / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser with the different gender. METHODS: The 120 myopic patients ( 240 eyes ) who underwent femtosecond laser surgery LASIK from August to September 2013 were collected, and these patients were followed up for 3mo. The patients were divided into two groups according to the gender, group A was male (110 eyes of 55 patients); group B was female (130 eyes of 65 patients). Dry eye symptom score, tear break-up time ( BUT ) , Schirmer Ⅰ test, corneal fluorescein staining were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively in 1wk,1,2,3mo. RESULTS: Dry eye symptom score: it was statistically significant between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2mo(P = 0. 000,0. 023, 0. 030). It had no statistical significance between the two groups in 3mo(P=0. 283). BUT: it was statistical significance between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2, 3mo ( P= 0. 000, 0. 017, 0.026, 0. 032 ). Schirmer Ⅰ test: it was statistically significant between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2mo(P = 0. 012,0. 024, 0. 018). It had no statistical significance between the two groups in 3mo ( P=0. 206 ) Corneal fluorescein staining:it was statistically significant between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2, 3mo (P=0. 022,0. 015, 0. 036, 0.041). CONCLUSION: The influence of tear film after femtosecond laser surgery for men less than that for women.

Analysis on tear film after LASIK by femtosecond laser with Oculus corneal topography / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK) with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser with Oculus corneal topography. METHODS:Totally 120 myopic patients (240 eyes) were collected who underwent femtosecond laser surgery LASIK from August to September 2013, and these patients can be followed up for 3mo. Tear break-up time ( BUT) and tear meniscus height ( TMH ) with Oculus corneal topography were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1wk;1, 2 and 3mo. RESULTS: Oculus BUT: there existed obvious differences (P=0. 012, 0. 000, 0. 023 0. 05 ) existed in 3mo compared with the preoperative level. TMH:there existed obvious differences (P=0. 025, 0. 019, 0. 0260. 05 ) existed in 3mo compared with the preoperative level. CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser surgery affects the stability of the tear film at a certain time and a certain extent. The mechanism related to many factors. It is temporary and lighted.

Applicability of the multiplex quantitative antibody array system for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an early and accurate detection method for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on detection of tumor-associated serum markers using a multiplex quantitative antibody array.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The double-antibody sandwich principle was used to establish an antibody array composed of eight cancer-related serum markers, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-b1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Serum samples from 160 cases of clinically diagnosed HCC and from 58 cases of liver cirrhosis (LC; controls) were obtained to test the array. Sixty percent of the samples were randomly selected for use as the training set (HCC, n = 96; LC, n = 36), and the remaining 40% was used as the test set (HCC, n = 64; LC, n = 22). The SPSS statistical software was used to perform logistic regression analysis and to create a diagnostic model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When used with the training set, the model had sensitivity of 93.3%, specificity of 83.3%, and accuracy of 90.9%. When used with the test set, the model had sensitivity of 89.0%, specificity of 77.3%, and accuracy of 86.0%. The traditional serum AFP value (cut-off value of 20 ng/mL) showed 70.0% diagnostic sensitivity, 59.0% specificity, and 64.0% accuracy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The newly developed multiplex quantitative antibody detection system has high sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic model with AFP and seven other cancer-related factors was superior to the traditional AFP only approach for early diagnosis of liver cancer, indicating its potential clinical value.</p>

The relationship among congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection, pregnancy outcome and T lymphocyte subsets in umbilical cord blood / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the relationship among congenital Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection, T lymphocyte cell subsets in umbilical cord blood and pregnancy outcome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>784 umbilical cord blood samples were collected and information of pregnancy outcomes was collected in a hospital of Hefei city, Anhui province during March 2009 to May 2010. T. gondii IgM antibodies in the sera were detected by ELISA. For all neonates infected with T. gondii and 10 healthy neonates, T lymphocyte cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the detection results of T. gondii IgM antibodies, 784 neonates were divided into infection group (21 neonates) and control group (763 neonates). The body weight and 1 min Apgar score of infection group were (3116.4 ± 352.6) g and (8.21 ± 1.26) points, respectively, which were statistically lower than control group ((3220.1 ± 242.3) g and (8.77 ± 1.61) points, respectively) (P < 0.01). The proportion of adverse pregnancy outcome of infection group was 19.0% (4/21), which was statistically greater than control group (4.8%, 37/763) (P < 0.01). The percentage of CD(3)(+) T lymphocyte cells in umbilical cord blood in infection group with and without adverse pregnancy outcomes were (64.51 ± 5.27)% and (64.32 ± 4.56)%, respectively, which were statistically lower than control group ((69.32 ± 4.32)%) (P < 0.01). The ratio value of CD(4)(+)/CD(8)(+) in infection group with, without adverse pregnancy outcomes and control group are 1.39 ± 0.24, 1.64 ± 0.28 and 2.34 ± 0.46, respectively, which showed statistical difference between any 2 groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>T. gondii infection leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes and disorder of cellular immunity while T lymphocyte cell subsets are closely associated with adverse pregnancy outcome.</p>

Cloning, expression and purification of Schistosoma japonicum ribosomal protein S4 as well as the preliminary study of the diagnostic value of the recombinant protein / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To express and purify Schistosoma japonicum ribosomal protein S4(SjRPS4) in Escherichia coli, and assess its value in immunodiagnosis of Schistosomiasis japonica.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Gene fragment of SjRPS4 was amplified by screening the cercaria cDNA library of Schistosoma japonicum. The target gene was cloned into the expressive vector pQE30 and transformed into E. coli M15. The recombinant protein expression was induced by isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG). This fusion protein was purified by Ni(2+)-NTA chromatography and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blot and ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plasmid pQE30/SjRPS4 was constructed successfully and expressed a SjRPS4 fusion protein in E. coli as showing a single special band on SDS-PAGE gel at Mr 30 × 10(3) position. It reached a purity of above 90% after purification. The Western blot result confirmed that the recombinant protein could specifically react with the serum samples from patients of schistosomiasis. Detecting the serum of Schistosomiasis japonica patients by ELISA, the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA method were 90.91% (70/77) and 92.59% (25/27), the positive rate of recombinant protein expression was 67.30% (70/104). There was no cross-reaction with paragonimiasis patients' serum.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Protein SjRPS4 was successfully cloned and expressed, and it was confirmed that SjRPS4 antibodies were valuable in the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis japonica.</p>

Clinical study on treatment of acute paraquat poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide and Etanercept method on acute paraquat poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>136 patients with acute paraquat poisoning were divided into the normal therapy group and the intensive therapy group randomly. Methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and Etanercept were used in the intensive therapy group. Methylprednisolone 500 mg was given intravenously per day for continuous three days followed by 200 mg intravenous per day. Then methylprednisolone was decreased gradually 14 d or 21 d later according to the patient's condition. Cyclophosphamide 600 mg was given intravenously twice weekly for 2 weeks and Etanercept 25 mg was given hypodermic injection twice weekly for 3 weeks. Curative effect evaluation was done at 7, 14, 21 d and 12 weeks after therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate of the intensive therapy group was obviously higher than that of the normal therapy group (P<0.01) on 7, 4, 21 d and 12 weeks. The cure rate of the intensive group were 94.6% (intake dose<50 ml 20% paraquat solution), 75.0% (intake dose 50 approximately 100 ml 20% paraquat solution), 12.5% (intake dose>100 ml 20% paraquat solution) respectively, while the cure rate of the normal group were 16.7% (intake dose<50 ml 20% paraquat solution), 8.3% (intake dose 50 approximately 100 ml 20% paraquat solution), 0% (intake dose>100 ml 20% paraquat solution) respectively. The total cure rate of the intensive therapy group (78.3%) 12 weeks later was higher than that of the normal group (11.9%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Methylprednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide and Etanercept intensive therapy has the curative effect on acute paraquat poisoning.</p>

Analysis of gene expression profile during malignant transformation of rat liver oval-like cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of gene expression profile during malignant transformation of rat liver oval-like cells and to analyze the significances of these changes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MNNG initiated WB-F344 cells were exposed to H2O2 once a week (repeated 21 times) to induce their malignant transformation. The characteristics of the transformed cells were confirmed by morphology, genetics and soft agar assay. Then, gene expression profiles of the transformed cells at different time points were evaluated using rat Cancer PathwayFinder Oligo Microarray.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The transformed cells possessed heteroploid karyotypes with anchoring-independent growth characteristics. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the transformed cells had more cellular organelles, gap junctions and microvilli than the controls. The 21 differential expression genes were mainly involved in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion and motility. The expression of PTEN was gradually up-regulated and cdkn1a was gradually down-regulated in three groups of cells. Myc, fos, and casp-8 were first up-regulated in WB-5 cells and then down-regulated in WB-21 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The disorder of proliferation and apoptosis may play an important role in malignant transformation of WB cells. Cdkn1a, PTEN, myc and fos may be crucial factors involved in the process.</p>

The relationship between lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in murine hepatic carcinoma of high and low metastatic potentialities / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the relationship between lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in mice bearing hepatic carcinoma and analyze the mechanism of the lymphatic metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hepatic carcinoma cell lines of high and low potentialities of lymphatic metastasis were injected into the footpads of Balb/c mice. Their metastases to lymph nodes were examined. The tumor tissues of each group were stained with 5'-nucleotidase-ALP to observe the lymphoangiogenesis. The total RNA of high and low metastatic potential cell lines were extracted for metastasis gene DNA array. The vascular endothelial cell growth factor C (VEGF-C) and VEGF-D of each cell line were detected using semi-quantitative RT-PCR and were further quantatively analyzed using real time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The para-common iliac a. and renal hilar lymph nodes metastases of the high metastatic potential cells were significantly higher than in the controls (P>0.05). The quantity of lymphatic vessels in the high metastasis group was significantly larger than that of the control group (P<0.05). The expressions of CD44, E-cadherin, HER2/neu, H-Ras and VEGF-C in the high metastasis group were higher than those in the low metastasis group shown by the cDNA micro array experiment but the expressions of nm23A, nm23-E4, p16ink4a, CD61 were lower. The VEGF-C expression was higher and the VEGF-D was lower in the high metastasis group compared to those of the low metastasis group shown by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The secretion of VEGF-D was significantly lower and the ratio of VEGF-C/VEGF-D was significantly higher in the high metastasis group than the low metastasis group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The lymphatic metastasis of hepatic carcinoma is related to lymphoangiogenesis. The changes of VEGF-C and VEGF-D expressions might be a cause influencing the lymphoangiogenesis. VEGF-C/VEGF-D might be an effective parameter in affecting lymphatic metastases.</p>