ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to improve the ability to visualize and diagnose congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI). The clinical manifestations, laboratory examination findings, imaging features and treatment outcomes of 22 patients with CNDI admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2013 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 22 patients with CNDI, 86.4% (19 cases) were male. The age of the 22 patients ranged from 2 months to 47 years old, in which 20 cases were younger than 30 years old and 2 cases were older than 30 years old. The clinical manifestations were polydipsia and polyuria, accompanied with various degrees of fever, defects in growth and development, and increased serum creatinine in some patients. Fifteen patients (68.2%) had different degrees of bilateral kidney and ureteral hydronephrosis, and increased residual urine volume in the bladder. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced scan showed that the high signal intensity in the posterior pituitary lobe was not detectable in 5 cases (22.7%), and blurred in 6 cases (27.3%). Seven tested patients were all found AVPR2 gene mutation. For patients with suspected CNDI, water-inhibiting vasopressin test and genetic testing should be performed in time so as to confirm diagnosis and treat as early as possible.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo observe the interaction of the calcifying nanoparticles (CNP) with human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) in vitro,to observe and investigate the mechanisms of HK-2 injury induced by CNP,and to explore the potential role of CNP in the formation of Calcium oxalate kidney stones.MethodsHuman renal tubular epithelial cells were cultured in vitro and CNP was then added to the culture medium,the cell-crystal reaction was detected by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).To investigate the oxidative stress,NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin was chosen as the intervener.The levels of LDH,MDA,HA in the mediums after 24 h were assessed. ResultsCNP could induce changes of the HK-2.Adhesion and phagocytosis of CNP by the HK-2 were observed under TEM.After 24 h,the levels of LDH,MDA,HA were significantly different among the 4 groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ). ConclusionsHK-2 has abilities of adhering and phagocyting with CNP.CNP can cause damage induced by oxidative stress of HK-2.
ABSTRACT
Expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its receptor (gp80、gp130) in 8 patients with Graves' disease (GD) were compared with those in 8 euthyroid patients with nodular goiter or benign thyroid adenoma. The thyroid tissues of GD expressed significantly higher IL-6 mRNA, gp130 mRNA and IL-6 protein than those of the control group, suggesting that activated IL-6/gp130 signal pathway in the thyroid tissue may contribute to the pathogenesis of GD.