ABSTRACT
Introduction. In Mali, information related to COVID-19 is regularly shared by the coordination board against COVID-19 through daily official press releases and situation reports. The goal of this study was to analyze data related to the tested samples; and the confirmed, contacts, recovered and dead cases in order to take lessons for the future. Population and methods. Data from the first 100 days after the detection of the first cases in Mali were collected and recorded on an Excel file before they got analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software. Analyses were descriptive and correlational. Results. We included 14938 tested samples, 2260 confirmed cases, 12864 contact cases, 1502 recovered cases and 117 deaths were reported during the first 100 days of the epidemic. There was a positive correlation between the number of confirmed cases; and the number of tested samples, the number of recovered cases and the number of deaths. These results suggest that the number of confirmed cases increase with the number of tested samples. Conclusion. These results call for more testing and encourage the identification, location and follow-up of COVID-19 cases. They can also be used to support the improvement of data quality and the response to COVID-19. As a result, they can contribute to improve population health
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Data Collection , Mortality , Consumer Health Information , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Entre avril et juillet 2008; nous avons mene une etude transversale sur la qualite de la prescription et de la dispensation des Combinaison Therapeutique a base d'Artemisinine (CTA) dans le traitement de l'acces palustre simple dans certains centres de sante et les officines ou depots de medicaments du district de Bamako. Au total; 52 prescripteurs; 72 dispensateurs et 90 patients ont ete inclus. L'etude a consiste a l'interview des sujets. L'enquete a revele que les CTA constituaient le traitement de premiere intention du paludisme chez les prescripteurs (75) et des dispensateurs (78;8). Cependant; 57;61des ordonnances contre le paludisme ne contenait pas de CTA. Les CTA recommandees par le programme national de lutte contre le paludisme (PNLP) etaient connues par 59;7des dispensateurs et 73;1des prescripteurs. La majorite des prescripteurs (71;15) et des dispensateurs (84;72) etaient favorables aux recommandations du PNLP. Beaucoup de patients (41;30) ne comprenaient pas du tout la posologie des CTA prescrites. Presque toutes les ordonnances contenant des CTA etaient prescrites en DCI (97;72; n = 44). Les prix des CTA ont varie entre 140 et 3 380 FCFA avec une moyenne de 750 FCFA. D'apres les reponses des prescripteurs et des dispensateurs; les CTA constituaient leur premier choix. Cependant; 57;61des ordonnances contre le paludisme ne contenait pas de CTA. La majorite des prescripteurs (71;15) et des dispensateurs (84;72) sont favorables aux recommandations du PNLP. Le cout moyen des ordonnances contenant les CTA etait 750 FCFA avec des extremes allant de 140 a 3680 FCFA. Une bonne utilisation des CTA s'avere imperative pour garantir leur efficacite et retarder voire eviter l'emergence de la resistance des parasites du paludisme a ces molecules
Subject(s)
Antimalarials , Drug Therapy, Combination , Malaria/therapy , Prescription DrugsABSTRACT
Zinc for the treatment of childhood diarrhoea was introduced in a pilot area in southern Mali to prepare for a cluster-randomized effectiveness study and to inform policies on how to best introduce and promote zinc at the community level. Dispersible zinc tablets in 14-tablet blister packs were provided through community health centres and drug kits managed by community health workers (CHWs) in two health zones in Bougouni district, Mali. Village meetings and individual counselling provided by CHWs and head nurses at health centres were the principal channels of communication. A combination of methods were employed to (a) detect problems in communication about the benefits of zinc and its mode of administration; (b) identify and resolve obstacles to implementation of zinc through existing health services; and (c) describe household-level constraints to the adoption of appropriate home-management practices for diarrhoea, including administration of both zinc and oral rehydration solution (ORS). Population-based household surveys with caretakers of children sick in the previous two weeks were carried out before and four months after the introduction of zinc supplementation. Household follow-up visits with children receiving zinc from the health centres and CHWs were conducted on day 3 and 14 after treatment for a subsample of children. A qualitative process evaluation also was conducted to investigate operational issues. Preliminary evidence from this study suggests that the introduction of zinc does not reduce the use of ORS and may reduce inappropriate antibiotic use for childhood diarrhoea. Financial access to treatments, management of concurrent diarrhoea and fever, and high use of unauthorized drug vendors were identified as factors affecting the effectiveness of the intervention in this setting. The introduction of zinc, if not appropriately integrated with other disease-control strategies, has the potential to decrease the appropriate presumptive treatment of childhood malaria in children with diarrhoea and fever in malaria-endemic areas.