Mental health and well-being in different levels of perceived discrimination

To compare mental health and well- being in different levels of the perceived discrimination among Iranian people living in Tehran. Using multi- stage sampling, 1255 subjects with the average age of 45 years and 9 months [including 672 women and 583 men] were selected and they completed all items of the general health questionnaire [GHQ], the social well- being inventory [SWI], personal well- being inventory [PWI], and a question to assess the perceived discrimination. Data analysis by Kruskal- Wallis test revealed that there were significant differences between physical symptoms [X[2]=5.93, P<0.05] and depression [X[2]=15.70, P<0.05], the subscales of mental health in different levels of the perceived discrimination. Furthermore, comparing personal well- being scores and its subscales in different levels of the perceived discrimination showed significant differences in personal hygiene [X[2]=7.20, P<0.05], and security in future [X[2]=7.60, P<0.05]. Emotional well- being [X[2]=12.25, P<0.05], self-rule [X[2]=7.45, P<0.05], personal growth [X[2]=19.87, P<0.05], and psychological well- being [X[2]= 9.09, P<0.05] were significantly different in different levels of the perceived discrimination, too. Moreover, comparing social well- being in different levels of the perceived discrimination indicated significant differences between social acceptance [X[2]=14.91, P<0.05], and social participation [X[2]= 10.91, P<0.05]. Therefore, people are more active in society, increases the possibility of encountering with discrimination and consequently the perception of that

[Effect of low shoe heel height on the trunk muscular activity among young healthy females]

The reduction of shoe heel height can increase abdominal muscles activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of low shoe heel height on the trunk muscle activity in young healthy females. In this quasi- experimental [Pre-post] study, 48 healthy females were evaluated at University of social welfare and rehabilitation at 2009-2010. Females were selected in a non probability sampling manner and divided randomly into two groups. Subjects in the first group [12 females] were used low heel height shoes[less than 3.4 cm] for six months. The second group [12 female] was used standard heel shoes height [3.5-5 cm] for six months. After the end of the first step of study, females in first group were used standard heel shoes height [3.5-5 cm] for six months. The Kinsiologic Electromyography instrument was used to test the Electromyography magnitude of rectus abdominal and external oblique activity. Data was analyzed with Paired and independent T student and Kolmogorrov-Smirnov tests. Muscle activity in first and second groups at external oblique was 9.72 +/- 3.15 microvolt and 7.87 +/- 2.47 microvolt and at rectus abdominal was 11.60 +/- 3.58 microvolt and 9.81 +/- 3.46 microvolt respectively. Muscle activity before and after using standard shoe heel height was significant [p<0.05]. It seems that using lower heel shoes height increase the trunk muscle activity

[Effect of teucrium polium ethyl acetate extract on energy consumption and obesity parameters in high sucrose diet rats]

Excessive caloric intake as a result of carbohydrate over feeding is the main cause of obesity. Recently, more attention has been given to the influence of herbal medicines for prevention and treatment of obesity. Teucrium polium [Calpoure] has been hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects. At present study, the effect of T. polium ethylacetate extract that known as hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent has been investigated on obesity parameters sucrose-induced rats. In this Experimental study, 30 adult male Wistar rats weighting 180 20 g were divided into 5 groups. Four groups obtained sucrose 50% in drinking water for 10 weeks. After 8[th] week, 3 randomly selected groups were treated with ethylacetate extract of T. polium for 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Sham animal group was fed using normal rat chow. After ten weeks, animals were euthanized and physical parameters have also been evaluated. The results have been shown that in control group food intake and energy consumption in comparison with the other groups, increased and decreased respectively. Sham animal group in comparison with the other groups, the weight of heart, body and abdominal fat pad, also leptin particularly were significantly increased. On the other side, it has been shown that the using T. polium ethylacetate extract significantly decreased the weight of heart, body, abdominal fat pad and Blood levels Leptin in a relatively dose-dependent way. This study showed that the using of T. polium ethylacetate extract with dose of 100 and 200 mg /kg for 2 weeks cause reduction in obesity parameters

[Effect of functional brace on threshold of motion sense in patients with Anterior Aruciate Ligament tear]

Anterior Cruciate Ligament [ACL] tear is one of the most common injuries at knee joint. Threshold of motion sense included inputs that are received by mechanical receptors at dynamic position. The objection of present study was to find the effect of functional brace on the Kinesthesia motion sense in patients with ACL rupture. In this Quasi- experimental study, 20 patients with ACL tear, with aging range between 18 to 44 years old were recruited. Patients were selected in a simple non probability sampling manner. Using Continuous passive motion for testing the Kinesthesia motion sense, as a dependent variable. Data was analyzed with Paired t-test and Colmogrof-Smirnof tests. Threshold of motion sense at affected knee before and after bracing was 3.93 +/- 1.67, 4.45 +/- 1.86 in open eyes and 3.82 +/- 1.61, 4.13 +/- 1.96 in closed eyes [P<0.05]. This study showed that the functional brace did not play in important role in the improvement of threshold of motion sense in patients with ACL tear

[Effects of harmane, norharmane and harmine on writhing behavior induced by acetic acid in mice]

The beta-carbolines harmane, harmine and norharmane are the members of Harmala,s alkaloids group [Peganum harmala, Zygophillaceae]. The beta-carboline alkaloids adjoined to benzodiazepine site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A [GABA[A]]. These alkaloids also inhibited cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities. These findings showed that the beta-carbolines should be able to reduce writhing nociception induced by acetic acid- in mice. To assess the effects of acute treatment with harmane, norharmane and harmine on the writhing induced by acetic acid in mice. The experiments were carried out on male BALB/C mice [20-25g]. Intraperitoneal [I.p] injection of acetic acid [0.6%] was performed in order to cause writhing behavior. This behavior was recorded by direct observation for a 30-minutes period. Decrease of writhing count is indicative of an anti-nociception. In order to avoid the possibility of a physicochemical interaction between them, Drugs were administered on opposite sides of peritoned. Intraperitoneal [I.p] injection of Harmane [5-20mg/kg] on 6-9 mice, norharmane [5-15mg/kg] on 8-9 mice and harmine [10-15mg/kg] on 8-9 mice in per group decreased the writhing behavior significantly [P<0.0001, P<0.0003 and P<0.0016, respectively]. The inhibitory effects of the mentioned drugs were antagonized by flumazenil [2 mg/kg]. Effects of harmane, norharmane and harmine on writhing response may be mediated through an inverse agonistic mechanism located in the benzodiazepine receptors

Efficacy of prone lumbar traction on chronic discogenic low back pain and disability

To compare the outcomes of prone and supine lumbar traction in patients with chronic discogenic low back pain. Prospective, randomized control trial. Urban Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation clinic. A total of 124 subjects with chronic low back pain [LBP] and evidence of a degenerative and/or herniated inter-vertebral disk at 1 or more levels of the lumbar spine, who have not our exclusion criteria. A 4-week course of lumbar traction, prone or supine in case and control groups consecutively, consisting of six 30-minute sessions every other days, followed by four 30-minute sessions every 3 days. The numeric Visual pain rating scale and the Oswestry Disability Index [ODI] were completed at pre-intervention and discharge [within 2 weeks of the last visit]. A total of 124 subjects completed the treatment protocol. We noted significant improvements for all post-intervention outcome scores when compared with pre-intervention scores [P<0.01]. Also found significant difference between 2 groups in favor of prone traction [P<0.01]. Traction applied in the prone position for 4 weeks was associated with improvements in pain intensity and ODI scores at discharge, in a sample of patients with activity limiting LBP. However, because we lacked a reasonable long time follow-up, we cannot imply a long lasting relationship between the traction and outcome, and a long time follow-up is suggested

study of vibrio SPP in cultivated [paeneus indicus] and marine [paeneus semisulcatus] shrimp obtained from boushehr asouthern province of Iran

In this study, samples of farm shrimp species Paeneus indicus obtained from different stages of hatchery and rearing period and subsequent marketing, water and sediments of rearing farms and marine shrimp species Paeneus semisulcatuswere analysed for Vibrio spp. according to the methods described by American Public Health Association. The identified Vibrio species were Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus [Kanagawa positive] and V. fluvialis. The results and detection of V. parahaemolyticusKanagawa positive [even in low proportion] in this study suggest a probable risk for health of people consuming raw or under cooked shrimp. Therefore it is recommended to pay attention to post harvest handling e.g. washing the shrimp with fresh water containing 2-7 ppm chlorine and freezing at -40 C and adequate cooking to safeguard public health. Key words:cultivated and marine shrimp, Vibrio spp., Iran