Evaluation of Anti-Toxoplasma IgG, IgM, and IgA in Mothers with Spontaneous Abortion in Zanjan, Northwest Iran

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the major agents of infectious abortions and due to its worldwide distribution can threat healthy pregnant women who had no previous exposure to this parasite. The present study was designed to investigate the contribution of T. gondii to spontaneous abortions in Zanjan, Northwest of Iran, using ELISA method. Blood Samples were collected from 264 mothers referred to the provincial hospitals of Zanjan due to spontaneous abortion. The sera were isolated and subjected to evaluate the anti-Toxoplasma IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies. The results showed IgG positive (IgG+) in 99 cases (37.5%). A total of 68 women (25.8%) showed seroconversion with IgM or IgA or both IgM and IgA. They included: IgM+ in 21 (8.0%), IgA+ in 23 (8.7%) and both IgM+ and IgA+ in 24 (9.1%) subjects. In 23 cases, positive titers of IgM and IgG were accompanied. In general, the analysis of anti-Toxoplasma antibody patterns, showed that about 17% of the spontaneous abortions were associated with serological patterns of acute infection. According to these findings, a considerable proportion of spontaneous abortions can be attributed to T. gondii in the study area.

[Correlation of hormonal disorders with menstrual disorders]

Menstrual disorders are including of metruragy, oligomenorrhea, polymenorrhea, dysmenorrheal and amenorrhea. Hormonal disorders can be the cause of such abnormalities. This study was designed to evaluate, the correlation between serum thyroid and sex hormones level, with menstrual disorders. This descriptive - analytical study carried out on 110 women with menstrual disorders without anatomical disorders referred to private clinic during 2007-08. In third day of menstrual cycle, sample blood was taken for determination of LH, FSH, PRL, TSH, T3, T4 and Testosterone. Laboratory tests were performed by ELISA method. The 42.7% of women with menstrual disorders were in age group lower than 25 years. Oligomenorrhea with 42.7% was the major menstrual disorder and amenorrhea was the lowest with 4.5%. The most hormonal disorders was related to T3 [46.3%], LH [44.5%] and testosterone was the lowest with 5.4%. 11 cases [10.0%] have presented with hirsutism. According to findings of this study T3 and LH are the common hormonal disorders in menstrual abnormalities

Role of stem cell and new regenerative therapies in endodontics

Millions of teeth are saved each year by root canal therapy. Although current treatment modalities offer high levels of success for many condition, an ideal form of therapy might consist of regenerative approach in which a biologically based procedures designed to replace damaged structures, including dentin, root structure and pulp-dentin complex. The aim of this study was to collect information about the stem cell and their role in new regeneration therapies in endodontics. Data was collected by searching Pubmed and Cochrane data bases using key words such as stem cell, regenerative endodontics, pulp revascularization and tissue engineering. Selected reference text books were searched using the same search strategy. The search results were categorized according to methodological strength; they also selected only if qualified for our inclusion criteria. Although regenerative endodontic procedures are much more effective in regeneration of pulp-like tissues, [pulp-dentin complex], and despite these applications and considerable evolution of certain medical procedures of tissue regeneration, there has not been significant translation of these therapies into clinical endodontic practice. More studies are required to overcome technical and clinical limitations of pulp and dentin tissue regeneration both to result in pulp-dentin tissue regeneration, and to form the functional structure of the tooth from stem cells