ABSTRACT
The anabolic androgenic steroids are known to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy. Cardiomyocytes have two types of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in sarcolemma [sarck[ATP]] and in mitochondria [mitk[ATP]]. Activation of the sarck[ATP] channels has been proposed to protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nandrolone decanoate [ND] on the expression of sarck[ATP] channels in the presence and absence of exercise in rat heart. In this experimental study, 40 adult male rats were divided into five groups: control, vehicle, ND, exercise and exercise-ND group. Rats in the exercise group were submitted to a running program on a treadmill, 5 days a week for 10 weeks. In addition, rats in the ND and exercise-ND groups received a weekly intramuscular injection of ND [10 mg/kg] for 10 weeks. Expression of the K[ATP] channel subunits [Kir6.2 and SUR2] was determined using the Western blotting method. ND administration had no effect on the expression of sarck[ATP] channel subunits in the sedentary group, while the chronic exercise significantly increased the expression of K[ATP] channel subunits [P=0.01]. Moreover, the ND administration significantly decreased the Kir6.2 [P=0.001] and SUR2 [P=0.05] subunits in the exercised animals. Chronic exercise and ND increases the expression of sarc[KATP] channels, and. The ND-induced expression decrement of channels is probably one of the mechanisms involved in the impairment of exercise-induced cardioprotection in rat heart
ABSTRACT
Adenstonsilectomy is the most prevalent procedure in Earand nose and throat specialty, and unfortunately the main reason for delaying discharging such patients is nausea and vomiting. Meanwhile, the most prevalent side effect of this surgery is recovery from anesthesia. Using medicines with minimum complication and price which can be effective in controlling this problem and reducing side effects of patient's discharge and relevant problems, is a good option. In this study, 60 persons were candidates for Adenstonsilectomy, which have been introduced to operation room of Loghman Hospital. They have studied for a period of 6 months. These patients were divided in 2 groups each with 3 cases. In one group Dexamethasone and Metoclopramide was used and in second one Ondansetrone with sterile water at the same dosage. Immediately they received Induction, and stomach wre evacuated by NG tube. For preserving the anesthesia they received propofol 150-200 micro g/kg with 50% [O2 + N2O], then they have been supervised between 0-3, 3-12, 12-24 hours after surgery for nausea and vomiting in recovery room and at E.N.T. Ward. No statistically significant difference in nausea and vomiting had been found in these two studied goups between 0-3, 3-12, and 12-24 hours after surgery. Our study indicated that the compound Dexamethasoen and metoclopramide can be effective, the same as ondanstron, in controlling nausea and vomiting after surgery of Adenstonsilectomy during different hours, and there was no meaningful difference between these two drugs with Ondansetrone, in controlling nausea and vomiting after surgery, and in our study; Ondansetrone has no preference in using Dexamethasone and Metoclopramide simultaneously
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenoidectomy/adverse effects , Dexamethasone , Metoclopramide , OndansetronABSTRACT
Considering the importance of diagnosing fetal distress and knowing diagnostic methods with minimum cost and time and high diagnostic value, this study was performed to evaluate the vibroacoustic stimulation test [VAST] value in predicting fetal distress in women in active phase of labor, reffering to Motazedi hospital, Kermanshah, 2004.This clinical trial study was carried out on women in active phase of labor [dilatation >3-4], full term, single fetus, cephalic presentation, without previous diseases and also abnormal fetus. At first FHR was monitored for 15 minutes, then vibroacoustic stimulation was done for 3 seconds using an artificial larynx of Seimens Servox with high - pitch intensity equal to 105 dB. Results were recorded as non reactive and reactive FHR [twice 15 beats acceleration for 15 seconds]. Other variables such as type of delivery, 1 and 5 minutes Apgar, meconium passing and nuch cord were documented. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and diagnostic value test. Age of women was 25.2 +/- 5.8, number of pregnancy 1.94 +/- 1.33 and 51.8% of them had one pregnancy. FHR before VAST was 61.1% reactive and 26.3% suspicious and after VAST 60.8% reactive and 5.3% suspicious. In VAST method sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic value were 88.3%, 70% and 75.5% respectively and in nonVAST method 68.3%, 66.5%, 23.6%.This study showed that VAST can assist to reduce suspicious cases of FHR. The prognostic value of VAST in predicting fetal distress was high. It is recommended to cany out further researches about duration and intensity of sound and using periodic FHR
ABSTRACT
Hemodynamic changes following laryngoscopy and intubation of trachea is one of the main problems in anesthesia. Different methods and drugs are used to lower this problem. The aim of this study was to survey the effect of Alfentanil, which is a short acting opioid on hemodynamic changes. Methods: 100 patients with ASA class I were divided into 2 groups of 50 patients. Both groups received diazepam 0.1 mg/kg, morphine 0.1 mg/kg and faxedil 20 mg/kg as premedication. 3 minutes before induction, Alfentanil group received 10 mg/kg Alfentanil and control group received normal saline as placebo. Both groups received sodium thiopental and succinyl choline for induction. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before and after premedication, 1, 3 and 5 minutes after intubation of trachea. The data were compared together. Findings: Changes in heart rate and blood pressure [Systolic and diastolic] before and after premedication had no meaningful difference in both groups, but average of changes in heart rate and blood pressure in the patients in the Alfentanil group after laryngoscopy and intubations were less and there was statistically significant difference. Hemodynamic features in both groups after 5 minutes were stable. Conclusion: According to the results, Alfentanil is effective in reducing heart rate and blood pressure [Systolic and diastolic] after laryngoscopy and intubations of trachea. So, using Alfentanil before laryngoscopy in general anesthesia is recommended