Effect of milk consumption on healthy young men rehydration and endurance performance after dehydration due to intermittent exercise in warm environmental condition

Background and Objective: Rapid and adequate rehydration is important for many athletes, especially those taking multiple sessions of exercise each day, or those involved in weight category sports. The macronutrient and electrolyte concentration of the fluid ingested following exercise can affect the amount retained within the body can influence hydration status. This study was done to compare the effect of milk consumption on healthy young men rehydration and endurance performance after dehydration due to intermittent exercise in warm environmental condition

Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the labroratory protocol was carried out by ten young healthy men in three sessions within one week intervals. Participants were on drinking regiment including water, low-fat milk, and powerade. Urine samples were collected pre-exercise, post-exercise, post-drinking and 1, 2 and 3 hours over recovery. Exercise capacity test commenced within 10 min after 3h recovery. This was undertaken in warm environmental condition at a power output corresponding to 70% V02 max. Exercise continued until voluntary exhaustion. Heart rate and RPE were recorded at 5 min intervals throughout exercise

Results: Pre-exercise urine specific gravity value was not different between the milk and the, powerade and the water groups. Total urine output was significantly reduced in the milk group in compared to powerade and the water consumption [P<0.05]. At the end of the study, net fluid balance was significantly positive in milk group compared to powerade and water groups [P<0.05]. Time of exhaustion on the exercise capacity test [70% V02 max] was significantly more in milk in comparision with powerade group [P<0.05]

Conclusion: Low-fat milk is more effective at rehydrating compared to water and exercise capacity in intermittent activity of heat in healthy young men

effect of a period of discontinuous endurance exercise on icam-1 and lipid profile of non-athletic male students

Background and Purpose: It has been suggested that intracellular adhesion molecules [sICAM-1], as a new inflammatory marker, are more precise and sensitive markers in predicting cardiovascular diseases, compared with traditional predictive markers. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of discontinuous endurance exercise on sICAM-1 and lipid profile [LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TC] of non-athletic male students and to survey the correlation between changes of these variables

Material and methods: This experimental study involved twenty non-athletic male students who signed the written informed consent, and were randomly assigned into experimental [n=12] and control [n=8] groups. The exercise protocol was a graded program, to be performed for 8 weeks three times per week with specific intensity and duration. Blood samples were taken before the first session and after the last session, with 14 hours fasting. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using independent and dependent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the correlation of the variables. Level of statistical significance was set at ?<0.05

Results: Eight weeks of discontinuous endurance exercise caused 14% decline in sICAM-1 [p=0.0001], 6% in TC [p=0.001], 10% in LDL-C [p=0.0001], 40% in TG [p=0.0001] and 23% increase in HDL-C [p=0.001] in the experimental group. However, there were no significant correlation between sICAM-1 alteration and changes of traditional predictors of cardiovascular diseases [LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TC] [p>0.05]

Conclusion: Eight weeks of discontinuous endurance exercise may reduce sICAM-1 and improve the lipid profile. These changes can play effective roles in the prevention, control and treatment of atherosclerosis