Differences in chemical components in processing of dried ginger-steamed, sand-fried, and rice swill water-bleached Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata pieces in "Jianchang" faction based on UPLC-MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

This study compared the changes in chemical components during the processing of different types of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(ALRP) in "Jianchang" faction, i.e., dried ginger-steamed ALRP pieces(Yin-FP), sand-fried ALRP pieces(Yang-FP), and rice swill water-bleached ALRP pieces(DFP), and provided a scientific basis for the mechanism in toxicity reduction and efficacy enhancement from a compositional perspective. Samples were collected during the processing of the three types of ALRP pieces, yielding raw ALRP pieces, water-bleached Yin-FP, ginger juice-moistened Yin-FP, steamed Yin-FP, water-bleached Yang-FP, sand-fried Yang-FP, water-bleached DFP, rice swill water-bleached DFP, and roasted DFP. Aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine, benzoylhypaconine, aconine, mesaconine, hypaconine, salsolinol, fuziline, and higenamine in the extracts were determined by UPLC-MS/MS, and then content analysis and cluster heatmap analysis were performed on 11 sets of samples. During the processing of the three types of ALRP pieces, bleaching significantly reduced the content of 12 alkaloids; steaming, stir-frying, and roasting significantly reduced the content of diester-type alkaloids(aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine) and significantly increased the content of monoester-type alkaloids(benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine, and benzoylhypaconine) and aminoalcohol-type alkaloids(aconine, mesaconine, and hypaconine). During the processing of Yin-FP, the diester-type alkaloids continuously decreased, while the monoester-type and aminoalcohol-type alkaloids showed an initial decrease followed by an increase. During the processing of Yin-FP, Yang-FP, and DFP, the diester-type alkaloids continuously decreased, while the monoester-type and aminoalcohol-type alkaloids showed an initial decrease followed by an increase. Steamed Yin-FP showed a higher increase in content than fried Yang-FP and roasted DFP. Comprehensive analysis of content differences in toxic and therapeutic components in three ALRP pieces suggests that the distinctive processing methods in "Jianchang" faction can indeed achieve detoxification and efficacy enhancement on ALRP. This study provides references for understanding the mechanisms of action of the three processing methods.

Effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma:a multicenter retrospective study / 中华外科杂志

Objectives: To examine the influence of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical resection on the survival of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC) and to identify patients who may benefit from it. Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 654 patients with ICC diagnosed by postoperative pathology from December 2011 to December 2017 at 13 hospitals in China were collected retrospectively. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,455 patients were included in this study,including 69 patients (15.2%) who received adjuvant chemotherapy and 386 patients (84.8%) who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. There were 278 males and 177 females,with age of 59 (16) years (M(IQR))(range:23 to 88 years). Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to balance the difference between adjuvant chemotherapy group and non-adjuvant chemotherapy group. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve,the Log-rank test was used to compare the difference of overall survival(OS) and recurrence free survival(RFS)between the two groups. Univariate analysis was used to determine prognostic factors for OS. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were then performed for prognostic factors with P<0.10 to identify potential independent risk factors. The study population were stratified by included study variables and the AJCC staging system,and a subgroup analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method to explore the potential benefit subgroup population of adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: After 1∶1 PSM matching,69 patients were obtained in each group. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). After PSM,Cox multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis (HR=3.06,95%CI:1.52 to 6.16,P=0.039),width of resection margin (HR=0.56,95%CI:0.32 to 0.99,P=0.044) and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR=0.51,95%CI:0.29 to 0.91,P=0.022) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median OS time of adjuvant chemotherapy group was significantly longer than that of non-adjuvant chemotherapy group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in RFS time between the adjuvant chemotherapy group and the non-adjuvant chemotherapy group (P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that,the OS of female patients,without HBV infection,carcinoembryonic antigen<9.6 μg/L,CA19-9≥200 U/ml,intraoperative bleeding<400 ml,tumor diameter>5 cm,microvascular invasion negative,without lymph node metastasis,and AJCC stage Ⅲ patients could benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy can prolong the OS of patients with ICC after radical resection,and patients with tumor diameter>5 cm,without lymph node metastasis,AJCC stage Ⅲ,and microvascular invasion negative are more likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Whole view of the immune microenvironment of biliary tract cancer / 中华外科杂志

Biliary tract cancer is a group of malignancies which originate from biliary epithelium, and adenocarcinoma is the main pathological type. Although surgical resection is the only radical treatment strategy, most biliary tract cancer patients are diagnosed at locally advanced stage or with distant metastasis. Biliary tract cancer is highly resistant to the conventional chemoradiotherapy and the emerging immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors, owing to the suppressive immune microenvironment. In a whole view, this paper discussed the anti-tumor and tumor-promoting immune responses of the various immune cells and stromal cells in the immune microenvironment of biliary tract cancer, as well as their correlation with prognosis. The understanding of the whole view of immune microenvironment in biliary tract cancer patients could further inform the design of clinical trials of immunotherapy or combination therapy.

Analysis on the status quo of the awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment and its influencing factors among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the status quo of the knowledge and related factors of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province in 2021. Methods: From August to November 2021, through network sampling method, 17 474 permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Liaoning Province were surveyed. The WeChat public account was used to collect information such as demographic characteristics and core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of the level of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among different groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors. Results: Among the 17 474 subjects, 43.1% (7 528) were male and 58.7% (10 262) were urban residents. The overall awareness rate was 72.3%, and the awareness rate of cancer cognition, prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, cancer management and rehabilitation were 71.4%, 67.6%, 72.7%, 83.4% and 63.5%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that the residents who were man (OR: 0.850, 95%CI: 0.781-0.925), in rural areas (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.694-0.817), 55-59 years old (OR: 0.851, 95%CI: 0.751-0.963), quitters (OR: 0.721, 95%CI: 0.640-0.813) and smoker (OR: 0.724, 95%CI: 0.654-0.801) had lower awareness rates, while the residents who were 35-54 years old (OR: 1.312, 95%CI: 1.202-1.432), with an educational level of junior high school/senior high school/college degree or above (OR: 1.834-5.130, 95%CI: 1.575-6.047), technical personnel (OR: 1.592, 95%CI: 1.367-1.854), civil servant/institution staff (OR: 1.282, 95%CI: 1.094-1.503), enterprise/business/service staff (OR: 1.218, 95%CI: 1.071-1.385), retired (OR: 1.324, 95%CI: 1.114-1.573) and with family history of cancer (OR: 1.369, 95%CI: 1.266-1.481) had higher awareness rates. Conclusion: The level of the awareness of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Liaoning Province has met the requirements of the Healthy China Action. Region, gender, education level, age, family history of cancer and smoking are relevant factors.

Expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) in gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to detect the protein expression of MAP2K1 in gastric cancertissues and cells. The morphology and the expression position of MAP2K1 were observed by immunofluorescence. MAP2K1 mRNA expression in gastric cancer tissues was analyzed by data mining of Starbase database and Oneomine database. The correlation between MAP2K1 mRNA expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed by UALCAN database. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier-Plotter online analysis tools. GEPIA2 database mining the relationship between MAP2K1 and gastric cancer stem cell related factors and drug resistance related factors. Results Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blotting showed that MAP2K1 protein was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells, and MAP2K1 was expressed in the cytoplasm of gastric cancer. According to the analysis of various databases, the expression of MAP2K1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissue was higher than that in normal gastric tissue, and the expression of MAP2K1 mRNA was closely related to gastric cancer stage, grade, lymph node metastasis and patient gender, and the overall survival rate of gastric cancer patients in the group with high MAP2K1 mRNA expression was significantly lower than that in the group with low MAP2K1 mRNA expression, which may be related to the characteristics of gastric cancer stem cells and drug resistance. Conclusion MAP2K1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer, and its expression level may affect the poor prognosis of patients by regulating stem cell related factors and drug resistance related factors. MAP2K1 may be a new diagnostic marker to determine the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

TRIM47 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating STAT3 signaling

Abstract Objectives Tripartite Motif 47 (TRIM47) protein plays a prominent role in many cancers. This study aimed to investigate the biological roles of TRIM47 in ovarian cancer. Methods TRIM47 was knocked down and overexpressed in ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and OVCAR3, and the effects on proliferation, clone formation, apoptosis, invasion, and growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice were determined. The expression levels of the selected candidates were tested by western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. Results TRIM47 knockdown suppressed proliferation and encourages apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Similarly, TRIM47 knockdown suppressed ovarian cancer cell invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Ovarian cancer cell xenograft assays demonstrated that TRIM47 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth. Mechanistically, TRIM47 knockdown suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation and the expression of several downstream genes, including MCL-1, MMP2, and c-MYC. Silencing of STAT3 partially prevented TRIM47-induced tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusion The present study's findings demonstrate that by activating STAT3 signaling, TRIM47 functions as an oncogene in ovarian cancer. TRIM47, therefore, appears to be a potential target for ovarian cancer prevention and/or therapy.

Association of TNFSF4 polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis

Abstract Objective: To more precisely estimate the association between the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4) gene polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility, we performed a metaanalysis on the association of the following single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TNFSF4 with SLE: rs1234315, rs844648, rs2205960, rs704840, rs844644, rs10489265. Methods: A literature-based search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science databases, and Cochrane Library databases to identify all relevant studies. And the association of TNFSF4 gene polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility was evaluated by pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The meta-analysis produced overall OR of 1.42 (95% CI 1.36-1.49, P < 0.00001), 1.41 (95% CI 1.36-1.46, P < 0.00001) and 1.34 (95% CI 1.26-1.42, P < 0.00001) for the rs2205960, rs1234315 and rs704840 polymorphisms respectively, confirming these three SNPs confer a significant risk for the development of SLE. On the other hand, the meta-analysis produced overall OR of 0.92 (95% CI 0.70-1.21, P = 0.54) for the rs844644 polymorphism, suggesting no significant association. And no association was also found between either rs844648 1.11 (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.86-1.43, P = 0.41) or rs10489265 (OR 1.17,95% CI 0.94-1.47, P = 0.17) polymorphism with SLE susceptibility, respectively. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the TNFSF4 rs2205960, rs1234315 and rs844840 SNPs was significantly associated with an increased risk of SLE.

Nonspecific benign pathological results on computed tomography-guided lung biopsy: A predictive model of true negatives

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model for identifying true negatives among nonspecific benign results on computed tomography-guided lung biopsy. Materials and Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study. Between December 2013 and May 2016, a total of 126 patients with nonspecific benign biopsy results were used as the training group to create a predictive model of true-negative findings. Between June 2016 and June 2017, additional 56 patients were used as the validation group to test the constructed model. Results: In the training group, a total of 126 lesions from 126 patients were biopsied. Biopsies from 106 patients were true negatives and 20 were false-negatives. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were identified a biopsy result of “chronic inflammation with fibroplasia” as a predictor of true-negative results (P = 0.013). Abnormal neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level (P = 0.012) and pneumothorax during the lung biopsy (P = 0.021) were identified as predictors of false-negative results. A predictive model was developed as follows: Risk score = −0.437 + 2.637 × NSE level + 1.687 × pneumothorax - 1.82 × biopsy result of “chronic inflammation with fibroplasia.” The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.78 (P < 0.001). To maximize sensitivity and specificity, we selected a cutoff risk score of −0.029. When the model was used on the validation group, the area under the ROC curve was 0.766 (P = 0.005). Conclusions: Our predictive model showed good predictive ability for identifying true negatives among nonspecific benign lung biopsy results

Correlation between the Position of the Pituitary Stalk as Determined by Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Its Location as Determined at the Time of Surgical Resection of Pituitary Adenomas

Objective@#: An important factor during pituitary adenoma surgery is to preserve pituitary stalk (PS) as this plays a role in reduction of the risk of postoperative diabetes insipidus. The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract (HHT) projects through the PS to the posterior pituitary gland. To reconstruct white matter fiber pathways, methods like diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography have been widely used. In this report we attempted to predict the position of PS using DTI tractography and to assess its intraoperative correlation during surgery of pituitary adenomas. @*Methods@#: DTI tractography was used to tract the HHT in nine patients before craniotomy for pituitary adenomas. The DTI location of the HHT was compared with the PS position identified at the time of surgery. DTI fiber tracking was carried out in nine patients prior to the planned craniotomy for pituitary adenomas. In one patient, the PS could not be identified during the surgery. In the other eight patients, a comparison was made between the location of the HHT identified by DTI and the position of the PS visualized at the time of surgery. @*Results@#: The position of the HHT identified by DTI showed consistency with the intraoperative position of the PS in seven patients (88.9% concordance). @*Conclusion@#: This study shows that DTI can identify the position of the HHT and thus the position of the PS with a high degree of reliability.

Effects of medial canthus ligament relaxation suture in anastomosis of lacrimal canaliculus laceration / 眼科新进展

Objective To investigate the effects of preset medial canthus ligament relaxation sutures in traumatic inferior canalicular laceration anastomosis.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 32 patients (32 eyes) with inferior lacrimal canaliculus laceration who admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology from September 2014 to September 2016.In the procedures,after the broken end of the lower lacrimal canaliculus was found,4-0 suture was immediately placed between the ends of medial canthus ligament.After ensuring the satisfaction of the broken ends of the duct,the preset suture was released and the lacrimal stents were implanted.Anastomosis of lacrimal canaliculus laceration was performed with 8-0 absorbable suture,and subcutaneous tissue and skin were sutured with 6-0 absorbable suture.Then the lacrimal stents were removed 2-3 months after the operation.The patients were followed up 6-12 months for analysis of success rate and complications.Results Totally 29 patients were cured,2 patients improved,and 1 patient did not get better,with cure rate of 90.62％ and the effective rate of 96.88％.After surgery,lacrimal point tear presented in 2 eyes (6.25％),and notch within medial canthus was found in 1 eye (3.12％).Conclusion Medial canthus ligament relaxation suture can create a low tension healing environment for lacrimal canalicular laceration and improve the cure rate of canalicular laceration anastomosis.

Therapeutic effect of ticagrelor combined low molecular weight heparin on ACS and its influence on serum inflammatory factors and MACE / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective : To explore therapeutic effect of ticagrelor combined low molecular weight heparin (LMWH ) on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its influence on serum levels of IL-17 ,MMP-9 ,soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1 and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE).Methods :A total of 102 ACS patients hospitalized in our hospital from Feb 2016 to Oct 2017 were selected ,randomly and equally divided into atorvastatin group and ticagrelor group ,both groups received corresponding treatment based on routine treatment and LMWH for two weeks .Therapeutic effect ,serum levels of hsCRP ,IL-17 ,MMP-9 ,sICAM-1 ,LVEF ,LVEDd ,LVESd ,peak early diastolic transmitral flow velocity/peak late diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E/A) changes and incidence rate of MACE were compared between two groups.Results :Total effective rate of ticagrelor group was significantly higher than that of atorvastatin group (94.12% vs.80.39%,P＝0.038).Compared with before treatment ,there were significant reductions in serum levels of hsCRP ,IL-17 ,MMP-9 and sICAM-1 ,LVEDd ,LVESd ,and significant rise in LVEF and E/A in two groups after treat-ment , P＜0.01 all.Compared with atorvastatin group ,there were significant reductions in serum levels of hsCRP [(2.96 ± 0.72)mmol/L vs.(1.46 ± 0.41)mmol/L] ,IL-17 [(25.36 ± 4.27)ng/L vs.(19.58 ± 4.46) ng/L] ,MMP-9 [(58.75 ± 10.75)g/L vs.(35.16 ± 9.63)g/L] ,sICAM-1 [(174.53 ± 28.36)ng/ml vs.(124.38 ± 27.34)ng/ml] ,LVESd[(48.01 ± 4.31)mm vs.(39.72 ± 4.16)mm] ,LVEDd[(57.37 ± 5.98)mm vs.(46.51 ± 5.36)mm] and significant rise in LVEF [(45.42 ± 5.68)% vs.(54.33 ± 6.39)%] and E/A[(1.38 ± 0.29) vs.(1.53 ± 0.31)] in ticagrelor group after treatment , P＜0.05 or ＜0.01. Incidence rate of MACE in ticagrelor group was significantly lower than that in atorvastatin group (7.84% vs.23.53%, P＝0.029).Conclusion :Ticagrelor combined LMWH can significantly improve therapeutic effect , lower serum levels of inflammatory factors ,improve cardiac function and reduce incidence rate of MACE in ACS patients .

A Whole-Tumor Histogram Analysis of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Maps for Differentiating Thymic Carcinoma from Lymphoma

OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of a whole-tumor histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in differentiating thymic carcinoma from lymphoma, and compare it with that of a commonly used hot-spot region-of-interest (ROI)-based ADC measurement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diffusion weighted imaging data of 15 patients with thymic carcinoma and 13 patients with lymphoma were retrospectively collected and processed with a mono-exponential model. ADC measurements were performed by using a histogram-based and hot-spot-ROI-based approach. In the histogram-based approach, the following parameters were generated: mean ADC (ADCmean), median ADC (ADCmedian), 10th and 90th percentile of ADC (ADC10 and ADC90), kurtosis, and skewness. The difference in ADCs between thymic carcinoma and lymphoma was compared using a t test. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were conducted to determine and compare the differentiating performance of ADCs. RESULTS: Lymphoma demonstrated significantly lower ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC10, ADC90, and hot-spot-ROI-based mean ADC than those found in thymic carcinoma (all p values < 0.05). There were no differences found in the kurtosis (p = 0.412) and skewness (p = 0.273). The ADC10 demonstrated optimal differentiating performance (cut-off value, 0.403 × 10−3 mm2/s; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.977; sensitivity, 92.3%; specificity, 93.3%), followed by the ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC90, and hot-spot-ROI-based mean ADC. The AUC of ADC10 was significantly higher than that of the hot spot ROI based ADC (0.977 vs. 0.797, p = 0.036). CONCLUSION: Compared with the commonly used hot spot ROI based ADC measurement, a histogram analysis of ADC maps can improve the differentiating performance between thymic carcinoma and lymphoma.

Fruit sphere microenvironments and berry phenolic content of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivated under rain-shelter systems with coloured plastic film

Abstract Rain-shelter cultivation has been proven an important cultivation method for grape-plantings in continental monsoon climate zones, of which white plastic films are the most common shelter material. However, while this method and material reduces the occurrence of the disease, it can also decrease the grape berry quality. Five colours (including red, yellow, blue, purple, and white) of plastic films were covered above Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevine rows before veraison. Rain-shelter cultivation reduced air temperature, wind speed, and total solar radiation and enhanced relative humidity in the fruit sphere of grapevines. For each particular colour plastic film, the irradiance of its corresponding spectrum band in the canopy of vines was higher than with other colour plastic films. Meanwhile, the blue plastic film treatment significantly promoted the accumulation of total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids more than the other colours of plastic films. Blue plastic films are more beneficial for berry quality promotion of wine grapes, especially Cabernet Sauvignon, under rain-shelter cultivation in continental monsoon climate zones.

Tonic Electromyogram Density in Multiple System Atrophy with Predominant Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Both Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) have associated sleep disorders related to the underlying neurodegenerative pathology. Clinically, MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P) resembles PD in the manifestation of prominent parkinsonism. Whether the amount of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia could be a potential marker for differentiating MSA-P from PD has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine whether sleep parameters could provide a method for differentiating MSA-P from PD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study comprised 24 MSA-P patients and 30 PD patients, and they were of similar age, gender, and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) prevalence. All patients underwent clinical evaluation and one night of video-polysomnography recording. The tonic and phasic chin electromyogram (EMG) activity was manually quantified during REM sleep of each patient. We divided both groups in terms of whether they had RBD to make subgroup analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference between MSA-P group and PD group had been found in clinical characteristics and sleep architecture. However, MSA-P patients had higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI; 1.15 [0.00, 8.73]/h vs. 0.00 [0.00, 0.55]/h, P = 0.024) and higher tonic chin EMG density (34.02 [18.48, 57.18]% vs. 8.40 [3.11, 13.06]%, P < 0.001) as compared to PD patients. Subgroup analysis found that tonic EMG density in MSA + RBD subgroup was higher than that in PD + RBD subgroup (55.04 [26.81, 69.62]% vs. 11.40 [8.51, 20.41]%, P < 0.001). Furthermore, no evidence of any difference in tonic EMG density emerged between PD + RBD and MSA - RBD subgroups (P > 0.05). Both disease duration (P = 0.056) and AHI (P = 0.051) showed no significant differences during subgroup analysis although there was a trend toward longer disease duration in PD + RBD subgroup and higher AHI in MSA - RBD subgroup. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis identified the presence of MSA-P (β = 0.552, P < 0.001) and RBD (β = 0.433, P < 0.001) as predictors of higher tonic EMG density.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tonic chin EMG density could be a potential marker for differentiating MSA-P from PD.</p>

Value of DSA in diagnosing ischemic cerebrovascular disease and evaluating therapeutic effect after in-tervention / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore value of digital subtraction angiography(DSA)in diagnosing ischemic cerebrovascu-lar disease(ICD)and evaluating therapeutic effect after intervention.Methods:Clinical data of 134 ICD patients treated in our hospital from Jan 2014 to Jun 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received magnetic reso-nance angiography(MRA),CT angiography(CTA)and DSA before intervention,and diagnostic value of three methods for ischemic cerebrovascular lesion were compared;stenotic degree of vessels and score of United States National Institutes of Health Stroke Score(NIHSS)were compared between before and after intervention.Results:A total of 1340 vessels were checked in 134 patients.DSA discovered 341 lesioned vessels(25.45%),25 completely occluded vessels(1.87%),153 vessels of 70% ~99% stenosis(11.42%),61 vessels of 50% ~69% stenosis(4.55%) and 102 vessels of <50% stenosis(7.61%);compared with CTA and MRA,there were significant rise in detection rates of lesioned vessels(21.19%,19.40% vs.25.45%),50% ~69% stenosis vessels(3.06%,2.54% vs.4.55%) and <50% stenosis vessels(5.67%,4.93% vs.7.61%)in DSA,P<0.05 or <0.01. A total of 109 patients with 120 vessels received intervention,compared with before operation,there were significant reductions in stenotic rates of extracranial artery[(83.51 ± 8.74)% vs.(22.87 ± 7.90)%]and intracranial artery[(81.63 ± 9.02)% vs. (19.64 ± 6.18)%]after intervention,P=0.001 both.Compared with before intervention,there was significant re-duction in mean NIHSS score[(14.68 ± 3.18)scores vs.(3.16 ± 1.94)scores]on three months after intervention, P=0.001.Conclusion:Detection rate of vascular lesion by DSA is significantly higher than those of CTA and MRA in ICD patients.Postoperative therapeutic effect assessment using DSA possesses high value,which is worth exten-ding.

Curative effect of Shuxuening injection for patients with acute pancreatitis and which influence on the oxidative stress / 药物评价研究

Objective To explore the curative effect of Shuxuening injection for patients with acute pancreatitis and which influence on the oxidative stress.Methods 150 patients with acute pancreatitis were enrolled in our hospital from December 2013 to November 2016,of which patients divided into two groups randomly,control group (n =65) accepted conventional therapy,and study group (n =85) adopted Shuxuening injection based on the treatment of control group.The curative effect of two groups were evaluated,and the factors of inflammatory and oxidative stress response were detected responsibly before and after treatment,the pancreatic injury degree were evaluated via the gauge of APACHE Ⅱ and BISAP.Results The total effective rate of study group for curative effect was higher significantly than those patients in control group (P ＜ 0.05);After treatment,the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of two groups decreased significantly compared with before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and the level of which factors in study group were lower than those control group,and which difference was significance (P ＜ 0.05),the superoxide dismutase (SOD) of all patients increased significantly compared with before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and SOD level of patients in study group was higher than those patients in control group (P ＜ 0.05);the APACHE Ⅱ[and BISAP score of all patients went down remarkably compared with before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and which score of patients in study group was lower than that control group,and which difference was significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Shuxuening Injection for patients with acute pancreatitis deserved popularization in clinic,which not only decreased the inflammatory and oxidative stress response significantly,but also increased the curative effect remarkably.

Curative effect of Shuxuening injection for patients with acute pancreatitis and which influence on the oxidative stress / 药物评价研究

Objective To explore the curative effect of Shuxuening injection for patients with acute pancreatitis and which influence on the oxidative stress.Methods 150 patients with acute pancreatitis were enrolled in our hospital from December 2013 to November 2016,of which patients divided into two groups randomly,control group (n =65) accepted conventional therapy,and study group (n =85) adopted Shuxuening injection based on the treatment of control group.The curative effect of two groups were evaluated,and the factors of inflammatory and oxidative stress response were detected responsibly before and after treatment,the pancreatic injury degree were evaluated via the gauge of APACHE Ⅱ and BISAP.Results The total effective rate of study group for curative effect was higher significantly than those patients in control group (P ＜ 0.05);After treatment,the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of two groups decreased significantly compared with before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and the level of which factors in study group were lower than those control group,and which difference was significance (P ＜ 0.05),the superoxide dismutase (SOD) of all patients increased significantly compared with before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and SOD level of patients in study group was higher than those patients in control group (P ＜ 0.05);the APACHE Ⅱ[and BISAP score of all patients went down remarkably compared with before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),and which score of patients in study group was lower than that control group,and which difference was significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Shuxuening Injection for patients with acute pancreatitis deserved popularization in clinic,which not only decreased the inflammatory and oxidative stress response significantly,but also increased the curative effect remarkably.

Nosocomial septicemia in the early stage after stem cell transplantation in children with major β-thalassemia / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical characteristics of nosocomial septicemia in the early stage after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children with major β-thalassemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed of 55 consecutive children with major β-thalassemia who developed septicemia early after HSCT between January, 2011 and June, 2016.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the total of 416 consecutive children with major β-thalassemia undergoing allogeneic HSCT, the incidence of nosocomial infection early after transplantation was 77.16% (321/416), and 55 (17.13%) children showed positive findings in blood culture test. The infections occurred most commonly in the oral cavity (65.5%), followed by the respiratory tract, intestinal tract and skin. Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli (27.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%), were the most common causes of infections. Fungal (Candida tropicalis) infection caused septicemia in 1 case. Of all the pathogens, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria were found in 6 cases, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 2 cases, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in 2 cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gram-negative bacteria are the major pathogens causing septicemia in children early after HSCT for major β-thalassemia, and the bacteria show a high level of drug resistance. Adequate preventive use of antibiotics and care of the oral cavity, the respiratory tract, and the perianal region following the transplantation are important measures to control nosoconial infection in these children.</p>

Intermittent Oxygen Inhalation with Proper Frequency Improves Overall Health Conditions and Alleviates Symptoms in a Population at High Risk of Chronic Mountain Sickness with Severe Symptoms / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Oxygen inhalation therapy is essential for the treatment of patients with chronic mountain sickness (CMS), but the efficacy of oxygen inhalation for populations at high risk of CMS remains unknown. This research investigated whether oxygen inhalation therapy benefits populations at high risk of CMS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 296 local residents living at an altitude of 3658 m were included; of which these were 25 diagnosed cases of CMS, 8 cases dropped out of the study, and 263 cases were included in the analysis. The subjects were divided into high-risk (180 ≤ hemoglobin (Hb) <210 g/L, n = 161) and low-risk (Hb <180 g/L, n = 102) groups, and the cases in each group were divided into severe symptom (CMS score ≥6) and mild symptom (CMS score 0-5) subgroups. Severe symptomatic population of either high- or low-risk CMS was randomly assigned to no oxygen intake group (A group) or oxygen intake 7 times/week group (D group); mild symptomatic population of either high- or low-risk CMS was randomly assigned to no oxygen intake group (A group), oxygen intake 2 times/week group (B group), and 4 times/week group (C group). The courses for oxygen intake were all 30 days. The CMS symptoms, sleep quality, physiological biomarkers, biochemical markers, etc., were recorded on the day before oxygen intake, on the 15th and 30th days of oxygen intake, and on the 15th day after terminating oxygen intake therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 263 residents were finally included in the analysis. Among these high-altitude residents, CMS symptom scores decreased for oxygen inhalation methods B, C, and D at 15 and 30 days after oxygen intake and 15 days after termination, including dyspnea, palpitation, and headache index, compared to those before oxygen intake (B group: Z = 5.604, 5.092, 5.741; C group: Z = 4.155, 4.068, 4.809; D group: Z = 6.021, 6.196, 5.331, at the 3 time points respectively; all P < 0.05/3 vs. before intake). However, dyspnea/palpitation (A group: Z = 5.003, 5.428, 5.493, both P < 0.05/3 vs. before intake) and headache (A group: Z = 4.263, 3.890, 4.040, both P < 0.05/3 vs. before intake) index decreased significantly also for oxygen inhalation method A at all the 3 time points. Cyanosis index decreased significantly 30 days after oxygen intake only in the group of participants administered the D method (Z = 2.701, P = 0.007). Tinnitus index decreased significantly in group A and D at 15 days (A group: Z = 3.377, P = 0.001, D group: Z = 3.150, P = 0.002), 30 days after oxygen intake (A group: Z = 2.836, P = 0.005, D group: Z = 5.963, P < 0.0001) and 15 days after termination (A group: Z = 2.734, P = 0.006, D group: Z = 4.049, P = 0.0001), and decreased significantly in the group B and C at 15 days after termination (B group: Z = 2.611, P = 0.009; C group: Z = 3.302, P = 0.001). In the population at high risk of CMS with severe symptoms, oxygen intake 7 times/week significantly improved total symptom scores of severe symptoms at 15 days (4 [2, 5] vs. 5.5 [4, 7], Z = 2.890, P = 0.005) and 30 days (3 [1, 5] vs. 5.5 [2, 7], Z = 3.270, P = 0.001) after oxygen intake compared to no oxygen intake. In the population at high risk of CMS with mild symptoms, compared to no oxygen intake, oxygen intake 2 or 4 times/week did not improve the total symptom scores at 15 days (2 [1, 3], 3 [1, 4] vs. 3 [1.5, 5]; χ2 = 2.490, P = 0.288), and at 30 days (2 [0, 4], 2 [1, 4.5] vs. 3 [2, 5]; χ2 = 3.730, P = 0.155) after oxygen intake. In the population at low risk of CMS, oxygen intake did not significantly change the white cell count and red cell count compared to no oxygen intake, neither in the severe symptomatic population nor in the mild symptomatic population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Intermittent oxygen inhalation with proper frequency might alleviate symptoms in residents at high altitude by improving their overall health conditions. Administration of oxygen inhalation therapy 2-4 times/week might not benefit populations at high risk of CMS with mild CMS symptoms while administration of therapy 7 times/week might benefit those with severe symptoms. Oxygen inhalation therapy is not recommended for low-risk CMS populations.</p>

Alkaloids from Macleaya cordata and their cytotoxicity assay / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the alkaloids of Macleaya cordata and their anti-tumor activities.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Alcohol and liquid-liquid extraction were used methods were used to extract the alkaloids constituents, and silica gel, reverse-phase octadecylsilyl (ODS), sephadex LH-20 chromatographic methods and HPLC were applied to isolate and purify compounds. MS, NMR spectroscopic methods were used to determine their structures. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of these chemical components for MCF-7 and SF-268 cell lines was measured by MTT method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Twelve alkaloids were isolated from the fruits of M. cordata, and their structures were identified as: maclekarpine E (1), 6-acetonyldihyrochelerythrine (2), cavidilinine (3), 6-acetonyldihyrosanguinnarine (4), O-methylzanthoxyline (5), 6-methoxy-dihydrosanguinarine (6), spallidamine (7), 6-hydroxyldihydrochelerythrine (8), arnotianamida (9), dihydrosanguinarine (10), protopine (11), and cryptopine (12).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1, 3, 7-9 were isolated from M. cordata for the first time, and compound 5 is a new natural product. The results of cytotoxic assay indicated that compound 6 showed strong cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and SF-268 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.61 μmol · L(-1) and 0.54 μmol · L(-1), respectively.</p>