Analysis of the characteristics of retracted scientific papers in the field of global liver diseases published by Chinese scholars / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of scientific papers in the field of global liver diseases published by Chinese scholars that were retracted for diverse reasons from the Retraction Watch database, so as to provide a reference to publishing-related papers. Methods: The Retraction Watch database was retrieved for retracted papers in the field of global liver disease published by Chinese scholars from March 1, 2008 to January 28, 2021. The regional distribution, source journals, reasons for retraction, publication and retraction times, and others were analyzed. Results: A total of 101 retracted papers that were distributed across 21 provinces/cities were retrieved. Zhejiang area (n = 17) had the most retracted papers, followed by Shanghai (n = 14), and Beijing (n = 11). The vast majority were research papers (n = 95). The journal PLoS One had the highest number of retracted papers. In terms of time distribution, 2019 (n = 36) had the most retracted papers. 23 papers, accounting for 8.3% of all retractions, were retracted owing to journal or publisher concerns. Liver cancer (34%), liver transplantation (16%), hepatitis (14%), and others were the main areas of retracted papers. Conclusion: Chinese scholars have a large number of retracted articles in the field of global liver diseases. A journal or publisher chooses to retract a manuscript after investigating and discovering more flawed problems, which, however, require further support, revision, and supervision from the editorial and academic circles.

Clinical, genetic, and pathological analysis in 165 children with disorders of sex development / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the clinical phenotypes, genetic characteristics, and pathological features of children with disorders of sex development (DSD).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on epidemiological, clinical phenotype, chromosomal karyotype, gonadal pathology, and genotype data of 165 hospitalized children with DSD at Children's Hospital of Hebei Province and Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from August 2008 to December 2022.@*RESULTS@#Among the 165 children with DSD, common presenting symptoms were short stature (62/165, 37.6%), clitoromegaly (33/165, 20.0%), cryptorchidism (28/165, 17.0%), hypospadias (24/165, 14.5%), and skin pigmentation abnormalities/exteriorized pigmented labia majora (19/165, 11.5%). Chromosomal karyotype analysis was performed on 127 cases, revealing 36 cases (28.3%) of 46,XX DSD, 34 cases (26.8%) of 46,XY DSD, and 57 cases (44.9%) of sex chromosome abnormalities. Among the sex chromosome abnormal karyotypes, the 45,X karyotype (11/57, 19%) and 45,X/other karyotype mosaicism (36/57, 63%) were more common. Sixteen children underwent histopathological biopsy of gonadal tissues, resulting in retrieval of 25 gonadal tissues. The gonadal tissue biopsies revealed 3 cases of testes, 3 cases of dysplastic testes, 6 cases of ovaries, 11 cases of ovotestes, and 1 case each of streak gonad and agenesis of gonads. Genetic testing identified pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 23 cases (23/36, 64%), including 12 cases of 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by CYP21A2 pathogenic variants.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Short stature, clitoromegaly, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and skin pigmentation abnormalities are common phenotypes in children with DSD. 45,X/other karyotype mosaicism and CYP21A2 compound heterozygous variants are major etiological factors in children with DSD. The most commonly observed gonadal histopathology in children with DSD includes ovotestes, ovaries, and testes/dysgenetic testes.

Baicalin inhibits LPS/IFN-γ-induced inflammation via TREM2/TLR4/NF-κB pathway in BV2 cells / 中国中药杂志

This study investigated the mechanism of baicalin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/interferon γ(IFN-γ)-induced inflammatory microglia based on the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)/Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB) pathway. Specifically, LPS and IFN-γ were used to induce inflammation in mouse microglia BV2 cells. Then the normal group, model group, low-dose(5 μmol·L~(-1)) baicalin group, medium-dose(10 μmol·L~(-1)) baicalin group, high-dose(20 μmol·L~(-1)) baicalin group, and minocycline(10 μmol·L~(-1)) group were designed. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay and cell morphology was observed under bright field. The expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-4(IL-4), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10), and arginase-1(Arg-1) mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-1β, TREM2, TLR4, inhibitor kappaB-alpha(IκBα), p-IκBα, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 by Western blot, and transfer of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus by cellular immunofluorescence. Compared with the normal group, most of the BV2 cells in the model group tended to demonstrate the pro-inflammatory M1 amoeba morphology, and the model group showed significant increase in the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS, decrease in the mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-10, and Arg-1(P<0.01), rise of the protein expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR4, p-IκBα, and p-NF-κB p65(P<0.01), reduction in TREM2 protein expression, and increase in the expression of NF-κB p65 in nucleus. Compared with the model group, baicalin groups and minocycline group showed the recovery of BV2 cell morphology, significant decrease in the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS, increase in the mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-10, and Arg-1(P<0.01), reduction in the protein expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR4, p-IκBα, and p-NF-κB p65(P<0.05), rise of TREM2 protein expression, and decrease in the expression of NF-κB p65 in nucleus. In summary, these results suggest that baicalin can regulate the imbalance between TREM2 and TLR4 of microglia and inhibit the activation of downstream NF-κB, thus promoting the polarization of microglia from pro-inflammatory phenotype to anti-inflammatory phenotype.

Effect of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase on clinical efficacy, inflammatory factors, and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction

This study aimed to explore the effect of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase on clinical efficacy, inflammatory factors, and neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. A total of 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into two groups by the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group: observation group (intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase) and control group (intravenous thrombolysis with batroxobin). The clinical efficacy after a 14-day treatment was observed. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CD62p, GMP-140, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were measured. Scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were determined. The total effective rate in the observation group was 81.67%, which was higher than the 61.67% in the control group (P<0.05). The improvement of inflammatory factors (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, CD62p, GMP-140, and NSE), NIHSS, MMSE, and MoCA in the observation group was superior to that in the control group (all P<0.05). The modified Rankin scale at three months after hospital discharge in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). Intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute cerebral infarction can enhance the clinical efficacy, alleviate inflammatory response and brain injury, and improve cognitive function, which is worthy of further clinical application and study.

Clinical characteristics and related factors of systemic lupus erythematosus with interstitial pneumonia / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical features, radiologic scores and clinically relevant risk factors prognosis of secondary interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).@*METHODS@#In this study, 60 SLE patients in Department of Rheumatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College and Taizhou First People's Hospital from January 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All of those 60 patients with SLE underwent lung high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) examination. We used a 1 ∶1 case-control study. There was a matching of age and gender between the two groups. Thirty patients with SLE related ILD (SLE-ILD) were in the case group, and 30 patients with SLE without ILE (SLE non-ILD) were in the control group. The clinical features, pulmonary function test, radiologic characteristic of SLE patients were collected and were used to analyze SLE-ILD.@*RESULTS@#In this study, we reached the following conclusions: First, there were statistically significant differences in chest tightness/shortness of breath, Raynaud's phenomenon, and Velcro rale between SLE-ILD and SLE non-ILD patients (both P < 0.05); Second, hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (ALB) in the patients of SLE-ILD had a significant decrease compared with the patients of SLE non-ILD. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) increased in SLE-ILD patients compared with SLE non-ILD patients, the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05); Third, for SLE-ILD patients, the most common type was non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), followed by usual interstitial pneumonia and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia; Fourth, there was no significant difference in clinical-radiology-physiology scores between the different ILD types (P>0.05), similarly, the lung HRCT score and lung function between different ILD types had no significant difference (P>0.05); Fifth, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that decreased albumin and chest tightness/shortness of breath might be the risk factor for SLE-ILD.@*CONCLUSION@#There are statistically significant differences between the SLE-ILD group and SLE non-ILD group in terms of chest tightness/shortness of breath, Velcro rale and Raynaud's phenomenon. Decreased albumin and chest tightness/shortness of breath in SLE patients should be alerted to the occurrence of ILD. NSIP is the most common manifestation of SLE-ILD.

Mechanism of Chinese Medicine Against Sjögren Syndrome： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Sjögren syndrome （SS） is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune cell infiltration and progressive destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands. It not only affects the lacrimal and salivary glands， manifested as dry eyes and dry mouth， but also involves heart， lung，kidney，and central nervous system， seriously affecting human physical and mental health. Although western medicine has made extensive and in-depth research on the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in recent years，there is no effective treatment targeting the potential causes. Chinese medicine emphasizes the concept of holism，treatment and prescription formulation based on syndrome differentiation， and effect exertion via multiple targets，multiple levels，and multiple pathways，exhibiting great advantages in the treatment of SS. This paper reviews the mechanisms of Chinese medicine in treating SS from the perspectives of immunity regulation，aquaporin up-regulation， and anti-oxidative stress reported in the related literature，so as to provide more theoretical basis for the research and clinical treatment of SS.

Danggui Shaoyaosan Inhibits Neuroinflammation in AD Rats by Regulating NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan （DSS） in a rat model of amyloid-<italic>β</italic>-peptide_1-42 （A<italic>β</italic>_1-42）-induced Alzheimer's disease （AD） as well as its regulatory effect on NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）/cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-1 （Caspase-1） signaling pathway. Method:The AD animal model was established via intracerebral injection of A<italic>β</italic>_1-42 and treated with different concentrations of DSS after the division of rats into the sham operation group， model group， as well as the high-， medium-， and low-dose DSS groups. Morris water maze test was conducted to determine the learning and memory abilities of rats. The morphology and function of neurons were detected by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Golgi staining， followed by immunofluorescence co-localization of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin （IL）-1<italic>β</italic> and IL-18 were measured by Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and IL-1<italic>β </italic>were assayed by Western blot. Result:Compared with the sham operation group， the model group exhibited significantly decreased learning and memory abilities （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， impaired neuronal morphology and function， up-regulated IL-1<italic>β</italic> and IL-18 mRNA expression， enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation， and elevated NLRP3， Caspase-1， and IL-1<italic>β</italic> protein expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， DSS at both medium and high doses remarkably improved the learning and memory abilities of AD rats （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， restored neuronal morphology and function， down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-1<italic>β</italic> and IL-18， reduced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes， and lowered the protein expression levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and IL-1<italic>β</italic> （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:DSS inhibits inflammasome activation and neuroinflammatory response possibly by regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway， thus exerting the neuroprotective effect.

Construction of Evaluation System for TCM Pharmaceutical Care Quality in Public Hospitals of Jilin Province / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To construct the evaluation system for TCM pharmaceutical care quality in public hospitals of Jilin province，and to provide reference for improving the quality of TCM pharmaceutical care in public hospitals. METHODS ：On Nov. 2020，20 relevant personnel and 10 experts in the field of TCM in Jilin province were selected by theoretical sampling method and objective sampling method ，respectively；grounded theory and Delphi method were adopted to sort out and score the evaluation system of TCM pharmaceutical care quality in public hospitals. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP）was used to determine the weight of each index. RESULTS ：In the two rounds of evaluation ，experts’enthusiasm，authority and opinion coordination were relatively high. Finally ，the evaluation system of TCM pharmaceutical care quality in public hospitals of Jilin Province was constructed ， consisting of 5 criterion layer indexes and 27 field layer indexes. The weights of the five criterion layer indexes from high to low are 0.290 for TCM pharmaceutical care management ，0.283 for TCM pharmaceutical care equipment ，0.163 for TCM prescription rationality，0.150 for TCM quality management ，0.144 for TCM pharmaceutical care ability. CONCLUSIONS ：The evaluation system of TCM pharmaceutical care quality in public hospitals of Jilin province established in this study is scientific and applicable ， and provides a basis for improving the quality of TCM pharmaceutical care in public hospitals. Public hospitals can set up priority improvement dimensions according to the results of the quality evaluation system ，and focus the limited human and material resources on priority improvement indexes.

Therapeutic effect on post-stroke spastic paralysis of upper extremity treated with combination of kinematic-acupuncture therapy and rehabilitation training / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical therapeutic effect on post-stroke spastic paralysis of the upper extremity between the combination of kinematic-acupuncture therapy and rehabilitation training and the combined treatment of the conventional acupuncture with rehabilitation training.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients of post-stroke spastic paralysis of the upper extremity at the non-acute stage were randomized into an observation group (30 cases) and a control group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off). On the base of the routine western medication and rehabilitation treatment, the kinematic-acupuncture therapy was added in the observation group and the conventional acupuncture was used in the control group. Baihui (GV 20), Dazhui (GV 14), Jiaji (EX-B 2) from T to T, Tianzong (SI 11), Jianzhen (SI 9), Jianyu (LI 15) and Quyuan (SI 13) were selected in both groups. The treatment was given once daily and the treatment for 14 days was as one course. The one course of treatment was required in this research. Separately, before treatment and in 7 and 14 days of treatment, the score of simplified Fugl-Meyer scale of the upper extremity (FMA-UE), the grade of the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) and the score of the modified Barthel index scale (MBI) were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, in 7 and 14 days of treatment, FMA-UE score was increased obviously in either group (<0.01). In 14 days of treatment, FMA-UE score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (<0.05). In 7 and 14 days of treatment, MAS grades of shoulder joint, elbow joint, wrist joint and metacarpophalangeal joint were all improved markedly in the two groups (<0.05). Compared with the grades in 7 days of treatment, MAS grades of elbow joint and metacarpophalangeal joint were improved markedly in 14 days of treatment in the two groups (<0.05). Compared with the control group, MAS grades of elbow joint and metacarpophalangeal joint were improved more markedly in the observation group in 14 days of treatment (<0.05). Compared with the score before treatment, MBI score was increased in 7 and 14 days of treatment respectively in the observation group (<0.05, <0.01). In 14 days of treatment, MBI score was increased in the control group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#For the patients with post-stroke spastic paralysis of the upper extremity at the non-acute stage, the combined treatment with kinematic-acupuncture therapy and rehabilitation training obviously improves the motor function of the upper extremity and the muscle tone of elbow joint and metacarpophalangeal joint. The therapeutic effect of this combination is better than that of the combined treatment of the conventional acupuncture with rehabilitation training. Additionally, this combined therapy improves the ability of daily life activity.

Serum levels of miR‐21 and miR‐155 in T2DM + CHD patients and their relationship with lipid me‐tabolism／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

To explore serum levels of miR‐21 and miR‐155 in patients with T2DM complicated CHD and their relationship with lipid metabolism .Methods : A total of 134 T2DM patients treated in our hospital from 2016 to 2017 , were divided into T2DM + CHD group (n＝60) and pure T2DM group (n＝74).Blood glucose and blood lipid levels and serum miR‐21 and miR‐155 levels were measured and were compared between two groups .Results :There were no significant difference in general data , blood pressure , body mass index (BMI) , glycosylated hemo‐globin A1c (HbA1c) , plasma glucose and total cholesterol (TC) between two groups , P＞0. 05 all.Compared with pure T2DM group , there were significant rise in levels of triglyceride (TG) [ (1. 89 ± 0.92) mmol／L vs.(2. 75 ± 1.61) mmol／L] , LDL‐C [ (2.83 ± 0.79) mmol／L vs.(3. 52 ± 1.24) mmol／L] and serum miR‐21 [ (0. 93 ± 0. 15) vs.(1. 86 ± 0.24 )] , and significant reductions in levels of HDL‐C [ (1.35 ± 0. 34 ) mmol／L vs.(0. 94 ± 0.31 ) mmol／L] and serum miR‐155 [ (0. 95 ± 0.19) vs.(0. 27 ± 0. 10)] in T2DM + CHD group , P＝0.001 all.Multiva‐riate Logistic regression analysis indicated that TG , LDL‐C and miR‐21 were independent risk factors for T2DM +CHD (OR＝2. 800～4. 986 , P＜0.05 all) , while HDL‐C and miR‐155 were its independent protective factors (OR＝0.314 , 0.327 , P＜ 0.05 both).Pearson correlation analysis indicated that serum miR‐21 level was significant positively correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels ( r＝0. 415 , 0.506 , P＜0.05 or ＜0. 01) , and serum miR‐155 level was significant inversely correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels ( r＝ －0. 397 ,－0. 526 , P＜0.05 or ＜0. 01 ).Con‐clusion : Serum miR‐21 level was significant positively correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels , but serum miR‐155 level was significant inversely correlated with TG and LDL‐C levels ,

Expression of MMIF, HIF-1α and VEGF in Serum and Endometrial Tissues of Patients with Endometriosis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MMIF),hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 αt) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the serum and endometrial tissues of patients with endometriosis (EM) and the clinical significance.Eighty EM patients [American Reproductive Association stage I (n=20),stage Ⅱ (n=22),stage Ⅲ (n=21) and stage Ⅳ (n=17)] were enrolled and divided into mild (10-14 points,n=28),moderate (16-24 points,n=27) and severe (26-30 points,n=25) dysmenorrhea groups.The control group included 40 healthy women of childbearing age who underwent routine healthcare examinations in the enrolment period.The expression of MMIF,HIF-1α and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting,respectively.Meanwhile,the sensitivity and specificity of serum MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF when separately used as single indexes or jointly used as one index were examined as well.The results showed that serum concentrations of MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF were significantly higher in EM patients than in controls (P＜0.05).The expression of all three proteins in both serum and endometrial tissues increased significantly with the R-AFS stage (P＜0.05) and with dysmenorrheal severity (P＜0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of serum MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF levels were significantly higher than those of single index detection (P＜0.05).In conclusion,the expression of MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues may be used to assess the stage of EM and the severity of dysmenorrhea.Combined evaluation of MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF significantly improves the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

Expression of MMIF, HIF-1α and VEGF in Serum and Endometrial Tissues of Patients with Endometriosis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MMIF),hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 αt) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the serum and endometrial tissues of patients with endometriosis (EM) and the clinical significance.Eighty EM patients [American Reproductive Association stage I (n=20),stage Ⅱ (n=22),stage Ⅲ (n=21) and stage Ⅳ (n=17)] were enrolled and divided into mild (10-14 points,n=28),moderate (16-24 points,n=27) and severe (26-30 points,n=25) dysmenorrhea groups.The control group included 40 healthy women of childbearing age who underwent routine healthcare examinations in the enrolment period.The expression of MMIF,HIF-1α and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting,respectively.Meanwhile,the sensitivity and specificity of serum MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF when separately used as single indexes or jointly used as one index were examined as well.The results showed that serum concentrations of MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF were significantly higher in EM patients than in controls (P＜0.05).The expression of all three proteins in both serum and endometrial tissues increased significantly with the R-AFS stage (P＜0.05) and with dysmenorrheal severity (P＜0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of the combined detection of serum MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF levels were significantly higher than those of single index detection (P＜0.05).In conclusion,the expression of MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues may be used to assess the stage of EM and the severity of dysmenorrhea.Combined evaluation of MMIF,HIF-1α,and VEGF significantly improves the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

Targeting knockout of DMD gene exon51 in HEK293T cell based on CRISPR/Cas9 system / 基础医学与临床

Objective To knockout the exon51 of DMD gene in HEK293T cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Methods Design the target sequences of sgRNA and clone them into plasmid PX459 respectively; transfer these plasmids into HEK293T cell and extract the total genome DNA; test the activity of sgRNAs with surveyor assay, choose the most efficient one in each end;construct plasmid PX459-2sgRNA and transfer it into HEK293T cells;check whether the exon51 has been knocked known with PCR and T vector sequencing. Results 50% of HEK293T cells' DMD gene exon51 were knocked out,showing a high gene editing efficiency. Conclusions We successfully establish a platform to target knockout the exon51 of DMD gene and provide an important experimental basis for the treatment of DMD and other genetic diseases.

Therapeutic effect of different doses of atorvastatin on patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy and its influence on blood lipids and cardiac diastolic function / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective: To explore therapeutic effect of different doses of atorvastatin on patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its influence on levels of blood lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), advanced glycosylation end product (AGEs) and cardiac diastolic function. Methods: A total of 96 DCM patients treated in our hospital were selected, randomly and equally divided into routine dose group (received atorvastatin of routine dose, 20mg/d) and double dose group (received atorvastatin of double dose, 40mg/d), and both groups were treated for four weeks. Levels of blood glucose, blood lipids, HbA1c, AGEs and cardiac diastolic function were measured and compared between two groups before and after treatment, and clinical therapeutic effect and safety were assessed. Results: After treatment, total effective rate of double dose group was significantly higher than that of routine dose group (91. 67％ vs. 72. 92％, P=0. 032); compared with routine treatment group after treatment, there were significant reductions in levels of blood glucose, blood lipids [except high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], HbA1c [(7. 58±1. 47) ％ vs. (6. 18±1. 35) ％], AGEs [(12. 45±2. 36) μg/ml vs. (7. 62±1. 54) μg/ml]and mitral early diastolic peak flow velocity/early mitral annulus diastolic peak velocity [E/Ea: (7. 54±1. 36) vs. (5. 27± 1. 09)], and significant rise in HDL-C level and mitral early diastolic peak flow velocity/mitral late diastolic peak flow velocity [E/A: (1. 25±0. 32) vs. (1. 57±0. 41)] in double dose group, P=0. 001 all. There was no significant difference in incidence rate of adverse reactions between two groups, P=0. 712. Conclusion: In DCM patients, double dose atorvastatin can more effectively regulate blood lipid level, reduce serum levels of HbA1c and AGEs, and improve cardiac diastolic function with more significant therapeutic effect.

Treating glioma with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: mechanism of action, safety and future application / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are a group of cells that have self-renewal, highly proliferative and multidrug differentiation potential. The properties of UC-MSCs and their tumor tropism make them an ideal tool for glioma cell therapy. These cells can act by paracrine or as a delivery system for genes and drugs. It has been demonstrated that UC-MSCs can inhibit the growth of glioma and improve the survival after transplantation into the brain. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the molecular mechanisms and safety of UC-MSCs in the treatment of glioma and to provide a useful reference for further research. METHODS: We searched the PubMed and CNKI databases from 2000 to 2017 with the English terms of "glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells" and the Chinese terms of "glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; safety; molecular mechanism". Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 55 articles were finally reserved for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: UC-MSCs have obvious effect on treating glioma. These cells can treat glioma through homing mechanism and paracrine mechanism as gene carrier and co-culture. Moreover, UC-MSCs have certain safety in the treatment of glioma.

Construction and expression of the recombinant plasmids of truncated and normal selenoprotein S genes / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To construct the recombinant plasmids of normal and truncated selenoprotein S genes so as to observe their biological function in vitro or in vivo.Methods We constructed the recombinant plasmids of normal and truncated selenoprotein genes by gene recombinant technology.The gene of truncated selenoprotein was coding domain sequence(CDS)fragment of mRNA;the gene of normal selenoprotein was CDS and 3'untranslated region(including Sec insertion sequence)fragment of mRNA.We confirmed the sequence of recombinant genes by sending them to a company for comparison.The recombinant plasmids of normal and truncated genes of SelS were transfected into cells by Lipofectamine 2000.After 24 hours,the expression of green fluorescent protein was observed and transfection efficiency was detected by FACS analysis.We collected the cells to isolate the total RNA by TRIzol method,and then cDNA was obtained by mRNA reverse transcription and amplified by PCR.Results The sequencing results showed that the recombinant genes were completely the same as the target genes,indicating that we constructed the plasmids successfully.The expression of green fluorescent protein could be observed and transfection efficiency was detected up to 40% by FACS analysis.PCR results showed that the target selenoprotein gene was highly expressed in the experimental group than in control group.Conclusion The truncated and normal selenoprotein S genes were successfully constructed and transfected into cells where they were highly expressed.It lays foundation for observing the biological effect of truncated and normal selenoprotein in cell line or animal body.

Microdialysis Recovery of Brimonidine Tartrate in Vitro and in Vivo / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of drug concentration and perfusion rate on the recoveries of self-made linear microdialysis probes for further ocular pharmacokinetic study. METHODS :Brimonidine tartrate was selected as the model drug. The in vitro recovery was determined using positive dialysis and retrodialysis at different perfusion rates and drug concentrations. And the in vivo recovery was determined using retrodialysis method. RESULTS: The microdialysis recoveries of brimonidine tartrate were inversely proportional to perfusion rate,while independent of drug concentration. The positive dialysis and retrodialysis recoveries in vitro were different at 1.0 μL•min-1, but no significant difference at 2.0 and 3.0 μL•min-1. The in vitro recoveries were greater than those in vivo. CONCLUSION: The self-made microdialysis probe has stable recovery and can be used in ocular pharmacokinetic study of brimonidine tartrate.

Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions of Chinese inpatients: a meta-analysis

Abstract Background: The rate of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions is low, and these reactions can result in death or disability. An evidence-based epidemiological study of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions in China has not been reported. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze epidemiology and characteristics of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions of Chinese inpatients during the recent 15 years with meta-analysis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed Chinese literature reporting severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions and collecting data from 2000 to 2015, which were in accordance with our inclusion criteria. All included data were analyzed with the Launch Open Meta-Analyst software. Results: Twenty-five articles involving 928 cases with severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions were included. Men to women ratio was 1.14:1. Twenty-one per cent of the patients had drug allergy history. Antibiotics (26.0%), sedative hypnotics and anticonvulsants (21.6%), and antipyretic analgesics (17.1%) were the most common causative drugs. The most frequent clinical subtype was Stevens-Johnson syndrome (50.1%), followed by toxic epidermal necrolysis (25.4%), exfoliative dermatitis (21.0%) and drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (1.6%). In addition to skin rashes, patients with severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions suffered mostly from fever (73%), and blood routine abnormality (66.7%). Study limitations: This meta-analysis is limited by its retrospective design and by its methodological variation. Conclusion: The most common causative drugs were antibiotics and sedative hypnotics and anticonvulsants. Stevens-Johnson syndrome was the most frequent clinical subtype of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions. In addition to skin rashes, patients with severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions suffered mostly from fever, mucosal lesion, and hematologic abnormalities.

Application of mind mapping in health education for elderly patients with knee osteoarthropathy / 中国基层医药

Objective To evaluate the effect of mind-map in health education of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis in community.Methods 71 elderly patients with knee osteoarthropathy were randomly divided into observation group(n=35)and control group(n=36).The control group received routine oral mode health education,and the observation group applied mind map to health education.Before and after the intervention,the self-designed disease knowledge and compliance questionnaire were used to evaluate the effect of two groups of health education.Results There was no significant difference in score between the two groups(P=0.997).After intervention,the score of disease knowledge questionnaire(20.25±3.01)points in the observation group was higher than(18.17±3.12)points in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=2.858,P=0.006).At the 1st,3rd and 6th month,the compliance scores of the observation group were(19.35±3.14)points,(19.68±3.22)points,(20.18±3.42)points,respectively,which of the control group were(17.42±3.11)points,(17.89±3.35)points,(18.32±3.47)points,respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=2.602,2.294,2.274,P=0.011,0.025,0.026).The scores of the observation group questionnaire were all more than 3 points,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(all P=0.000).Conclusion Using mind map to carry out health education to middle-aged and elderly patients with knee joint disease can help patients master disease knowledge and improve compliance,its effect is better than traditional method.

Comparative analysis of hepatitis B virus large protein, hepatitis B virus-DNA and Pre-S1 antigen in evaluating serum hepatitis B virus replication / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the comparative study of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) large protein (HBV-LP) , HBV-DNA, and Pre S1 antigen (Pre S1-Ag) detection in the evaluation of serum HBV replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B.@*Methods@#A total of 482 patients infected with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) were enrolled and the serums were collected in a hospital of Hefei city in Anhui province from June 2013 to March 2015. The serum HBV-LP, HBV markers(HBV-M) and Pre S1-Ag were detected using ELISA, and HBV-DNA were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR. The positive detection rate difference of HBV-DNA, HBV-LP and Pre S1-Ag were compared, the correlation between the logarithm of HBV-DNA copies number and the absorbance value of HBV-LP was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation.@*Results@#The positive rates of HBV DNA, HBV-LP, and Pre S1-Ag were 67.22% (324/482), 73.86% (356/482), and 37.34% (180/482), respectively (P<0.01). The positive rates of the three markers were 54.57% (185/339), 64.90% (220/339), and 27.73% (94/339), respectively, in 339 HBeAg-negative CHB patients (P<0.01). In HBeAg negative patients, the positive rate of HBV-LP in 185 cases of HBV-DNA positive samples was 90.81% (168/185), which was higher than that of Pre S1-Ag with rate of 39.46% (73/185) (P<0.01).The positive rate of HBV-LP was 33.77% (52/154) in 154 cases of patients with negative HBV-DNA whose positive rate was higher than Pre S1-Ag with positive rate of 13.64% (21/154)(P<0.01). The positive rates of HBV-DNA, HBV-LP and Pre S1-Ag in HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAb positive groups were 97.04% (131/135), 94.81% (128/135), and 60.00% (81/135), (P<0.01); The positive rates of three indexes of HBsAg, HBeAb, HBcAb positive group were 53.74% (122/227), 63.88% (145/227), and 27.31% (62/227); The positive rates of three indexes of HBsAg and HBcAb positive group were 55.79% (53/95), 67.37% (64/95), and 28.42% (27/95) (P<0.01). The absorbance value of HBV-LP was positively related with the logarithm of HBV-DNA copies number (Spearman rank correlation coefficient was 0.908, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#There was a good correlation between HBV-LP and HBV-DNA load value, and could be used as an effective complement for the detection of HBV-DNA and HBV-M. Compared with Pre S1-Ag.