The antichlamydial activity of 1, 2-disubstituted pyrrole derivatives in vitro / 中国药理学通报

Aim To evaluate the antichlamydial activity of our previously synthesized sixteen 1, 2-disubstituted pyrroles in vitro, providing candidate for the development of novel agents against Chlamydia. Methods Firstly, the inhibitory effect of compounds on the generation of infectious progeny EBs at different concentrations was analyzed for Chlamydia trachomatis L2 (Ct L2), C. muridarum (Nigg II strain, known as MoPn) and C. pneumonia (Cpn AR39). The IC

Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair by using one-point-suturing fixed soft mesh / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and applicability of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair by using one-point-suturing fixed soft mesh.Methods:90 male patients were retrospectively analyzed from Jan.2013 to Mar.2015,all of them were diagnosed with unilateral inguinal hernia and treated with TEP surgery.Among them,there were 55 patients with free of air bag and free of fixed TEP (free fixed group) and 35 patients with free of air bag and fixed by one-point-suturing TEP (one-point-suturing fixed group),all of patients were used by soft mesh.They were analyzed about their differences of postoperative pain,gastrointestinal function recovery time,the postoperative feeding time,the bedside movement time,the hospitalization time,and the incidence of postoperative complications.Results:Compared with the free fixed group,the operation time of the one-point-suturing fixed group was significantly shorter,the bedside movement time earlier,gastrointestinal function recovery time earlier,the postoperative feeding time earlier(P＜0.05),but the difference were not statistically significant in intraoperative blood loss,the postoperative pain,the hospitalization time,the incidence of postoperative seroma (P＞0.05),and therewere no recurrence in both groups.Conclusion:Compared with the free fixed TEP,the one-point-suturing fixed TEP has significantly shorter operation time,reduce the operation difficulty,and make the postoperative recovery faster,so it is safe,feasible and appropriate to application.

Effect of total parathyroidectomy on secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To study the clinical effect of total parathyroidectomy (TPTX) on treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in patients with chronic renal failure.Methods 24 patients undergoing TPTX in Mianyang Central Hospital from Jan.2014 to Nov.2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The preoperative,postoperative and follow-up intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),serum calcium,serum phosphorus and calciumphosphorus product were statistically analyzed.The postoperative complications and recurrence were observed.Results For preoperative,1 week after operation,3 months after operation,6 months after operation,12 months after operation,24 months after operation and 36 months after operation,the mean values of iPTH were (1771.7± 244.5) pg/ml,(70.2±18.2) pg/ml,(106.5±35.3) pg/ml,(114.3±31.3) pg/ml,(122.1±27.8) pg/ml,(128.1±12.5) pg/ml and (113.8±24.9) pg/ml.The mean values of serum calcium were (2.6±0.4) mmol/L,(1.9±0.4) mmol/L,(2.1±0.3) mmol/L,(2.1±0.2) mmol/L,(1.8±0.2) mmol/L,(1.8±0.2) mmol/L and (1.8±0.3) mmol/L.The mean values of serum phosphorus were (2.1±0.7) mmol/L,(1.4±0.6) mmol/L,(1.3±0.4) mmol/L,(1.4±0.3) mmol/L,(1.3±0.3) mmol/L,(1.5±0.2) mmol/L and (1.4±0.4) mmol/L.The mean values of calcium-phosphorus product were (61.9±17.0) mg2/dl2,(34.6±19.4) mg2/dl2,(37.4±14.4) mg2/dl2,(40.4±12.3) mg2/dl2,(29.2±5.3) mg2/dl2,(35.0 ±7.1) mg2/dl2 and (32.4 ± 11.3) mg2/dl2,respectively.Compared with those before operation,postoperative iPTH,serum calcium,serum phosphorus and calcium-phosphorus product decreased significantly at 1 week after operation,3 months after operation,6 months after operation,12 months after operation,24 months after operation and 36 months after operation,and the differences had statistical significance (all P＜0.05).Temporary injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve was found in one patient (4.2％).Early postoperative hypocalcemia rate was 91.7％ (22/24).No recurrence developed after operation.Conclusion TPTX is safe and effective in treatment of SHPT in patients with chronic renal failure,with low recurrence rate and satisfactory treatment outcome.

Advances in small molecular drugs targeted mutant p53 / 中国药理学通报

Tumor suppressor p53 protein can regulate the tran-scription of target genes, to control cell apoptosis, aging and other life activities,but mutant p53 is prone to losing antitumor function, thus promoting tumor development. At present, p53 protein has become one of the hot targets for the treatment of cancer. This article mainly introduces the structure and mechanism of small molecular compounds with restoring activity of mutant p53 as the target.

Neurocognitive functioning impairment in patients with moderate to severe late-onset depression / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the damaging traits of cognitive function in late-onset depression.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,30 elderly out-and in-patients whose first onset of major depression occurred at 60 years of age and older were included as the case group,and 30 age-and gender-matched normal elderly people were included as the controls.The diagnoses of moderate to severe depressive episode or recurrent depression were made according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems,Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnostic criteria.The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST),Stroop Test and Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) were used to assess attentional set shifting,attentional inhibition and working memory.The severity of depression was evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Scale-17(HAMD-17).Results:The performance scores of errors,perseverative responses,perseverative errors,percent of perseverative errors in the WCST were significantly higher in the patient group then in the control group[(61 ± 23) vs.(41 ± 25),(44 ± 27) vs.(27± 19),(36 ± 20) vs.(23 ± 16),(28 ± 15) vs.(19 ± 11),P ＜ 0.01].The scores of conceptual level responses [(36±24) vs.(54 ±26)],the correct scores of consistent group in Stroop test[(19 ±3) vs.(20 ±2)] and the scores of VFT in WCST[(10 ±2) vs.(11 ±2)] were lower in the patient group than in the control group (Ps ＜0.01).The scores of perseverative responses in the WCST were positively correlated with retardation factor scores(r =0.38,P ＜ 0.05).The correct scores of consistent group in the Stroop test were negatively correlated with retardation factor scores(r =-0.41,P ＜ 0.05).The scores of VFT were negatively correlated with retardation factor scores(r =-0.52,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:There may be impairment of cognitive function in late-onset depression,especially severe executive dysfunction.

The different impact between late-phase of limb ischemia preconditioning and early-phase on patients with percutaneous coronary intervention / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To investigate the difference of late-phase of limb ischemia preconditioning (L-LIP) verse early-phase (E-LIP) on patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods A total of 160 patients with unstable angina pectoris who were planned to undergo PCI were divided equally into two groups at random.The late-phase of limb ischemia preconditioning group (80 patients) were provided with L-LIP (three 5-minute inflations up to 200mmHg by applying the sphygmomanometer cuff around the right upper arm,followed by 5-min intervals of reperfusion,twice a day) 3 days before PCI.The Earlyphase of limb ischemia preconditioning group (80 patients) were provided with E-LIP (method as above)2 hours before PCI.Comparison of procedural parameters during PCI and the levels of cTnT,CK-MB,hs-CRP were made 24 hours after PCI.Estimation of the rate of adverse events at 1 year between the two groups was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results Compared to the E-LIP group,the rates of angina,arrhythmia and TIMI flow ≤ 2 during PCI were significantly lower in the L-LIP group (all P ＜ 0.05).At 24 hours after PCI,the levels of cTnT and CK-MB were declined more significantly in the L-LIP group[(11.52±2.41) pg/ml vs.(27.53±4.78)pg/ml,P =0.021;(14.11±2.87)Iu/L vs.(30.23±5.17)Iu/L,P =0.032].There was no difference in the level of hs-CRP between the 2 groups [(128±0.71)mg/dl vs.(1.33±0.69)mg/dl,P =0.742].The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the incidence rate of adverse events in the L-LIP group at l year was lower than the E-LIP group (3.75％ vs.13.75％,P =0.024).Conclusions L-LIP is more effective to in protecting myocardial cell in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing elective PCI and may reduce the rate of future adverse event.

Expression of miRNA-93 in acute lymphocytic leukemia / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-93 in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its effect on the proliferation of acute T-cell leukemia Jurkat cells.METHODS:The expression of miRNA-93 in the bone marrow samples of patients with ALL was measured by real-time PCR.After down-regulation of miRNA-93 by transfection with miRNA-93 inhibitor in the Jurkat cells,the cell viability,cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were detected by CCK-8 assay,EdU assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Furthermore,the protein levels of cell cycle-related molecules such as cyclin D1,cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4),phosphorylation retinoblastoma (Rb) and P27 were measured by Western blot.RESULTS:miRNA-93 was highly expressed in the patients with ALL,and the expression level was highest in the high risk patients.Down-regulation of miRNA-93 inhibited Jurkat cell viability,arrested cell cycle in G1/S transition.In addition,the protein levels of cyclin D1,CDK4 and p-Rb were significantly decreased,the protein expression of P27 was increased in Jurkat cells trasfected with miRNA-93 inhibitor.CONCLUSION:miRNA-93 expression is increased in ALL patients.Down-regulation of miRNA-93 restrains cell proliferation in the acute T cell leukemia cell line Jurkat via regulating cell cycle-related molecules.

Expression of miRNA-93 in acute lymphocytic leukemia / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-93 in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its effect on the proliferation of acute T-cell leukemia Jurkat cells.METHODS:The expression of miRNA-93 in the bone marrow samples of patients with ALL was measured by real-time PCR.After down-regulation of miRNA-93 by transfection with miRNA-93 inhibitor in the Jurkat cells,the cell viability,cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were detected by CCK-8 assay,EdU assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Furthermore,the protein levels of cell cycle-related molecules such as cyclin D1,cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4),phosphorylation retinoblastoma (Rb) and P27 were measured by Western blot.RESULTS:miRNA-93 was highly expressed in the patients with ALL,and the expression level was highest in the high risk patients.Down-regulation of miRNA-93 inhibited Jurkat cell viability,arrested cell cycle in G1/S transition.In addition,the protein levels of cyclin D1,CDK4 and p-Rb were significantly decreased,the protein expression of P27 was increased in Jurkat cells trasfected with miRNA-93 inhibitor.CONCLUSION:miRNA-93 expression is increased in ALL patients.Down-regulation of miRNA-93 restrains cell proliferation in the acute T cell leukemia cell line Jurkat via regulating cell cycle-related molecules.

A study on the HIV RNA and CD4 cell levels among patients with AIDS and hepatitis C / 预防医学

Objective To learn the HIV RNA and CD4 cell levels as well as their variations among AIDS patients with hepatitis C,and to provide suggestions for early treatment.Methods A total of 80 AIDS patients with chronic hepatitis C were selected as the case group and 80 patients with AIDS only were selected as the control group.Comparison of HIV RNA and HCV RNA levels and T lymphocyte subsets levels between the two groups were conducted.Results HIV RNA level of the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (5.35 ±1 .29 loglocopies/mL vs 4.81 ±1 .1 5 loglocopies/mL).HIV RNA level was positively correlated to HCV RNA level in the case group (r =0.372,P <0.05). No significant correlations were observed between CD +4 and CD +4 /CD +8 cell levels and HCV RNA levels (r =-1 .1 43 and -0.1 1 9,P >0.05),while CD +4 and CD +4 /CD +8 cell levels were negatively correlated to HIV RNA levels in the case group as well as in the control group (r =-0.533、-0.41 4、-0.433 and -0.536,P <0.05 ).Conclusion The replication of HIV RNA is more active and the T lymphocyte subsets damage is more obvious among AIDS patients with chronic hepatitis C.Early treatment of chronic hepatitis C in AIDS patients is highly recommended to ensure immune reconstitution and decrease HIV RNA level.

Cloning, characterization and expression of a novel laccase gene Pclac2 from Phytophthora capsici

Laccases are blue copper oxidases (E.C. 1.10.3.2) that catalyze the one-electron oxidation of phenolics, aromatic amines, and other electron-rich substrates with the concomitant reduction of O2 to H2O. A novel laccase gene pclac2 and its corresponding full-length cDNA were cloned and characterized from Phytophthora capsici for the first time. The 1683 bp full-length cDNA of pclac2 encoded a mature laccase protein containing 560 amino acids preceded by a signal peptide of 23 amino acids. The deduced protein sequence of PCLAC2 showed high similarity with other known fungal laccases and contained four copper-binding conserved domains of typical laccase protein. In order to achieve a high level secretion and full activity expression of PCLAC2, expression vector pPIC9K with the Pichia pastoris expression system was used. The recombinant PCLAC2 protein was purified and showed on SDS-PAGE as a single band with an apparent molecular weight ca. 68 kDa. The high activity of purified PCLAC2, 84 U/mL, at the seventh day induced with methanol, was observed with 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothialozin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) as substrate. The optimum pH and temperature for ABTS were 4.0 and 30 ºC, respectively . The reported data add a new piece to the knowledge about P. Capsici laccase multigene family and shed light on potential function about biotechnological and industrial applications of the individual laccase isoforms in oomycetes.

Internal fixation for the treatment of anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of operative treatment for anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna,and to study its surgical exposures and fixation techniques.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2005 to March 2010,18 patients with anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. There were 12 males and 6 females with an average age of 37.8 years. A single midline posterior incision was used to expose the entire elbow joint. After elevating the full-thickness skin flaps, a lateral incision was made to expose and repair the lateral collateral ligament. Three intervals in the flexor-pronator musculature were used to gain access to the coronoid,depending on the size of the fracture fragment and the planned fixation technique. Fractures were fixed by using mini-plate or with screws. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and system of Broberg & Morrey.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen patients were followed up, no patient complained pain and elbow unstable at a mean follow-up period of 38 months(1 to 6 years). The fractures were clinically healed at an average time of 11.6 weeks(ranged from 8 to 16 weeks). The average MEPS was 95.4+/-4.6 (ranged, 82 to 100). The average functional rating of system of Broberg & Morrey was 92.3+/-5.8 (ranged,75 to 100).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Open reduction and internal fixation is effective to reach anatomical reduction and strong fixation for the treatment of anteromedial facet fracture of the coronoid process of ulna.</p>

Application of thenar perforator flaps for the narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the therapeutic effect of thenar perforator flaps for the narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Aug. 2010 to Jan. 2012, 9 cases with narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web, were treated. The defect size after releasing the contracture ranged from 8 mm x 20 mm to 15 cm x 30 mm. The bilateral thenar perforator flaps beside the wound were designed which size was 10 mm x 25 mm to 15 mm x 35 mm. The wounds at donor sites were closed directly.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 9 flaps survived completely with primary healing. The patients were followed up for 6-18 months. The flaps had soft texture and good appearance. The shape of flaps and function of the fingers were satisfied after 6-18 months of follow-up. There was no scar contracture at incisions in thenar. The thumb motion was really normal. The abduction of first web was 70 degrees - 90 degrees degrees.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The thenar perforator flaps is one of the ideal methods for the treatment of narrow cicatricial contracture at thumb and the first web. The main artery is not sacrified.</p>

Detection of the expression of NK ligands in acute leukemia cell lines by real-time PCR / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression profile of NK ligands in acute leukemia cell lines and investigate the differential expression pattern between acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using quantitative real-time PCR, 23 NK ligands (MICA, MICB, ULBP-1, ULBP-2, ULBP-3, ULBP-4, HLA-E, HLA-G, CD48, NBTA, HLA-F, LLT-1, PVR, Nectin2, CD72, CD80, ICAM-1, LFA-3, CRACC, Fas, DR4, DR5, TNFR1) were detected in 6 acute leukemia cell lines, including 3 ALL cell lines (CEM, Jurkat T, Reh) and 3 AML cell lines (HL-60, KG-1a, NB4), respectively. Independent-samples t test analysis was performed to determine statistical significance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Using β-actin as reference gene, the relative expression results showed that the expression of 4 NK ligands between ALL and AML is significantly different. Specifically, the level of ULBP-2 is higher in ALL (CEM: 1, Jurkat T: 0.617, Reh: 0.246) than that in AML (HL-60: 0.000, KG-1a: 0.003, NB4: 0.000)(P = 0.047). However, the expressions of CD48, PVR(PVR-1, PVR-2) and DR4 is higher in AML (HL-60: 13.987, 4.403, 10.334, 8.711; KG-1a: 5.387, 2.900, 7.315, 4.512; NB4: 7.763, 3.248, 7.049, 6.127) than that in ALL (CEM: 1, 1, 1, 1; Jurkat T: 2.035, 1.553, 3.888, 0.449; Reh: 1.559, 0.000, 0.000, 1.304) (P = 0.044, 0.014, 0.014, 0.011). And there're no significant differences between the rest 19 NK ligands.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ULBP-2, CD48, PVR and DR4 might play an important role in the distinct mechanisms in leukemogenesis between ALL and AML and could be potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.</p>

Expression of TGF-beta1/Smad protein in rat liver fibrosis model and the role of IFN-gamma / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the impact of IFN-gamma on liver fibrosis and its possible mechanism. Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: fibrosis model group, IFN-gamma treatment group. Experimental liver fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of CCl4. After 12-week-treatment, serum hyalurnic acid and TGF-beta1 was examined, histopathological changes and degrees of fibrosis were observed by optical microscopy. Meanwhile, the expression of TGF-beta1, TbetaR- I and Smad2/3 proteins was detected by immunohistochemistry and quantified by using computerized image analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Pathological observation of hepatic specimens: histological examination showed that there were significant difference between normal group and fibrosis model group by comparing with the degrees of inflammation and fibrosis (P < 0.05). And the difference between fibrosis model group and IFN-gamma treatment group was significant (P < 0.05). (2) Changes of the hepatic fibrosis index (serum HA and TGF-beta1): the levels of serum HA, TGF-beta1 in fibrosis model group were higher than IFN-gamma treatment groups (P < 0.05). (3) Changes of gene protein levels about TGF-beta1/Smad: the expressions of TGF-beta1, TbetaR- I and Smad2/3 in rat hepatic tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry techniques. The expressions of the three items in model group were higher than normal group (P < 0.01). The difference between model group and IFN-gamma treatment group was significant (P < 0.05);</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IFN-gamma treatment group had significant results on treating experimental hepatic fibrosis. By the way of inhibiting expressions of TGF-beta1, TbetaR- I, Smad2/3, IFN-gamma treatment group exerted its anti-fibrosis effect.</p>

Study on inter-individual variability of cerebral response to acupuncture with fMRI / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Effects of inter-individual variability on fMRI of acupuncture were observed and the possible influencing factors were further analyzed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-six healthy volunteers were selected. And acupuncture was applied at Zusanli (ST 36) on the left side with even manipulation. The same experimental designation and data collecting reference were adopted to collect functional data. Then, the same data processing method was applied for analyzing individual data. Data which did not confirm with data analyzing qualification were rejected. The 26 individual data which met the requirement were taken randomly for 5 times according to the principle of random group division. Five groups named with A, B, C, D and E were thus generated with 11 samples in each. Images were processed with the AFNI software for every group, and the activated brain areas were revealed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Activated areas in the brain were observed in all the 5 groups, and the results vary a lot among different groups. Decreased signals of activated brain areas were observed in group C, while increased signals were seen in group D. Partial increasing and partial decreasing signals appeared in the other 3 groups. Compared with other groups, group D demonstrated totally different activated areas. The rate of difference among different groups is 46.7%-100.0%, and most of the differences were over half of the activated areas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Under the pre-requisites of strict control of experimental designation, acupuncture method, data collecting and processing, great differences have been found in the activated areas of the brain. It indicates that obvious individual differences existes in the activated areas of the brain with acupuncture. And the difference may greatly influence the researching result of fMRI as well as conclusions of those results.</p>

Effects of aquaporin 4 deficiency on the expression of spinal PKCα, PKCγ and c-Fos in naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal mice / 生理学报

The previous study indicated that aquaporin 4 (AQP4) deficiency attenuated opioid physical dependence. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, the effects of AQP4 deficiency on the expression of three factors, protein kinase C (PKC) α, PKCγ and c-Fos in the spinal cord, which are known to be concerned with spinal neuronal sensitization and opiate dependence, were investigated in AQP4 knockout mice using Western blotting analysis. It was observed that AQP4 deficiency reduced the score of naloxone-precipitated abstinent jumping after repeated morphine administration compared with wild-type (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the protein levels of PKCα and c-Fos in the spinal cord of AQP4 knockout mice were significantly higher than those in the wild-type mice; while the expression of PKCγ was decreased remarkably by AQP4 knockout during the withdrawal (P < 0.01). These data suggest that AQP4 deficiency-attenuated morphine withdrawal responses may be partially attributed to the changes in the spinal expression of PKCα, PKCγ or c-Fos.

Treatment of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To discuss the operative procedures and clinical result of posteromedial and posterolateral approaches in treatment of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures. Methods From January 2006 to June 2008, 21 patients of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures were treated by posteromedial and posterolateral knee approaches. There were 12 males and 9 females. The age ranged from 28 to 68 years, with a mean of 39.5 years. Of the patients, 13 had resulted from a traffic accident and 8 had caused by a fall. As for the state of posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures, 7 patients had a medial condylar.fracture, 8 patients had a lateral condylar fracture and 6 patients had a bilateral condylar fracture. Results A follow-up lasted 12-24 months (mean 16.2 months ) in 21 patients. There was no infection, no varus or valgus of the knee, no nerve injuries and loosening or breakage of the screw. All cases had attained bone union. According to the Rasmussen functional scoring, the results were excellent in 12, good in 7 and fair in 2. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 90.5%. Radiologic results were graded with the Rasmussen score to evaluate the reduction of fracture. There were excellent in 13, good in 7 and fair in 1. The excellent and good rate of clinical results was 95.2%. Conclusion Posteromedial and posterolateral approaches can facilitate the reduction and fixation for posterior condylar tibial plateau fractures. It has many advantages such as good exposure, less invasion and the excellent clinical results.

Dynamic expression of TGF-beta1/Smad protein in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and its significance in rats / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the dynamic expression of TGF-beta1/Smad protein in rats with liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), to study mechanism of TGF-beta1/Smad signaling and the relationship between its transduction and liver fibrosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: normal control group and model group. Experimental liver fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of CCl4. After six weeks and nine weeks, histopathological changes and degrees of fibrosis were observed by optical microscopy. Meanwhile, the expression of TGF-beta1, TP3R-I, Smad2/3 and Smad7 proteins was detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Pathological observation of hepatic specimens: hepatic tissue of model group rat had inflammation and fibrosis in different degrees. By comparing with the degrees of inflammation and fibrosis model groups were more severe than normal control group (P < 0.05). (2) Changes of protein levels about TGF-beta1/Smad: the expressions of TGF-beta1, TbetaR-I, Smad2/3 and Smad7 in rat hepatic tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry techniques. The expressions of the four items in model group were higher than those of normal control group (P < 0.01). In fibrosis model group, there exist considerable positive correlations among expressions of TGF-beta1, TbetaR-I, Smad2/3, Smad7 and degrees of fibrosis in livers (P < 0.05 or 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is close relation between the level of TGF-beta1, TbetaR-I, Smad2/3, Smad7 and the different liver fibrosis grades due to CCl4. The up regulation of TGF-beta1, TbetaR- I, Smad2/3 and Smad7 in liver tissue is involved in the progression of hepatic fibrosis.</p>

Role of long non-coding RNAs in gene regulation and oncogenesis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This article aims to review recent studies on the biological characteristics of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcription regulation by lncRNAs, and the results of recent studies on the mechanism of action of lncRNAs in tumor development.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from the articles listed in PubMed and HighWire that were published from January 2002 to June 2010. The search terms were "long non-coding RNA", "gene regulation", and "tumor".</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>The mechanism of lncRNAs in gene expression regulation, and tumors concerned with lncRNAs and the role of lncRNAs in oncogenesis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>lncRNAs play an important role in transcription regulation by controlling chromatin remodeling, transcriptional control, and post-transcriptional controlling. lncRNAs are involved in many kinds of tumors and play key roles as both suppressing and promoting factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>lncRNAs could perfectly regulate the balance of gene expression system and play important roles in oncogenic cellular transformation.</p>

Endoscopic thyroidectomy through periareolar approach / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To study the value of endoscopic management of thyroid disease through periareola approach. Methods From Nov. 2008 to Feb. 2010, 20 cases were treated by endoscopic throidectomy using bilateral areola three-hole method. The chest skin and platysma were separated and CO2 (6 - 8mmHg pressure)was inflowed to establish the operative space. Thyroid tissues were cut and separated by harmonic scaple. Recurrent laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal nerve and parathyroid gland were preserved. Results Operations were successfully completed using endoscope, among which there were 1 case of thyroid cyst resection, 5 cases of thyroid adenoma resection, 8 cases of thyroid unilateral partial resection, 3 cases of thyroid bilateral partial resection and 3 cases of thyroid sub-total resection. The average operation time was (100. 0 ± 30. 5) min. Blood loss was (70. 0 ± 15. 0) ml. 1 case of neck skin burns and 3 cases of subcutaneous hydrops appeared. No convertion occured. Conclusion Endoscopic thyroidectomy through periareolar approach is a safe minimal invasive surgical procedure with excellent cosmetic results.