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Objective:To explore the influence of childhood abuse experience on relapse tendency of compulsory drug abusers, and the intermediary role of resilience and depression between them.Methods:A total of 261 drug abusers were investigated with childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and relapse tendency psychological questionnaire.All data processing and analysis were carried out by SPSS 25.0 software.Correlation analysis, Bootstrap analysis and other methods were used to test the mediating effect.Results:The scores of childhood abuse treatment, resilience, depression and relapse tendency were 44.690±18.550, 60.210±22.790, 48.370±12.450, and 15.300±9.833 respectively.Childhood abuse was negatively correlated with resilience( r=-0.396, P<0.01), and positively correlated with depression and relapse tendency( r=0.584, 0.298, P<0.01).Resilience was negatively correlated with depression and relapse tendency( r=-0.558, -0.147, P<0.05).Depression had a significant positive correlation with relapse tendency( r=0.286, P<0.01).Childhood abuse could directly predict the tendency of relapse( β=0.202, P<0.01), and it could also affect the tendency of relapse through the mediation of depression( β=0.082, 95% CI=0.007-0.165) and the chain mediation of resilience and depression( β=0.029, 95% CI=0.002-0.064). Conclusion:The experience of childhood abuse leads to the decrease of resilience of strong abstinence personnel and increases the level of depression, which finally increases the tendency of relapse.
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Objective:To evaluate the intervention effect of Naikan cognitive therapy (NCT)on psychosomatic symptoms of female compulsory drug addicts.Methods:Seventy drug addicts who met the inclusion criteria and volunteered to participate in the study were selected and randomly divided into intervention group( n=35) and control group( n=35) with random number table method.The intervention group received 10 consecutive days of NCT, while the control group received the same period of mental health education.Before and after treatment, the two groups were assessed with symptoms check list-90(SCL-90), preceived social support scale(PSSS), simple coping style scale(SCSQ) and inclination of relapse questionnaire of drug rehabilitated addicts. Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention (all P>0.05). Compared with pre-intervention, the total score of SCL-90((176.49±40.85) vs (152.60±31.17)), somatization, compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, terror, paranoid and psychiatric factors were significantly decreased and the total scores of PSSS((59.09±14.60) vs (64.43±10.42)) family support, friend support and other support subscales increased significantly post-NCT intervention in the intervention group (all P<0.05). Compared with control group, the scores of positive coping((25.54±6.09) vs (22.37±7.04)) increased significantly, and the tendency of negative coping((8.20±3.59) vs (10.17±4.03)) and relapse((15.66±9.57) vs (22.11±10.18)) decreased significantly (all P<0.05) after intervention in the intervention group.There was no significant difference in the scores of all scales in the control group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Naikan cognitive therapy can significantly improve the psychosomatic symptoms perceive social support and positive coping styles, and reduce the tendency of negative coping and relapse of female compulsory drug addicts.
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Objective:To evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Glasgow antipsychotics side-effect scale (GASS).Methods:Totally 200 patients diagnosed as schizophrenia following the criteria of DSM-IV were enrolled in the study.Cronbach’s α was used to investigate the internal consistency of GASS.Exploring factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity.Pearson correlation analysis between GASS and TESS and CGI sub-scale of side effect were conducted to evaluate the criterion validity.Based on clinical criteria, the sensitivity and specificity and ROC curve was calculated so as to establish the cut-off point of the scale and test discrimination validity.Results:For reliability, Cronbach’s α ws 0.926, indicating that GASS had a good internal consistency.Four main factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis which were extrapyramidal side effect factor, genitourinary side effect factor, anticholinergic side effect factor, over sedation and cardiovascular side effect factor.For validity, exploring analysis demonstrated that nineteen item of the scale has relatively higher factor load on the principal factor (0.531-0.972), suggesting that the scale had a good construct validity.The total score of the GASS was positively correlated with that of TESS and CGI subscale of side effects( r=0.90, P<0.05; r=0.87, P<0.05). The cut-off point of experimental validity of GASS for mild antipsychotics side effects was determined as ≥1.With this cut-off point, GASS had both high sensitivity (96.3%) and high specificity (70.7%), area under curve (AUC) were 0.78.The cut-off point of GASS for moderate antipsychotics side effects was determined as ≥20, with the sensitivity and specificity of GASS were 86.3% and 84.7%, AUC were 0.92.When the cut-off point of GASS for severe antipsychotics side effects was determined as ≥41, GASS had both high sensitivity (92.1 %) and high specificity (96.3 %), AUC were 0.96. Conclusion:GASS has good reliability and validity and can reflect the side effects of antipsychotics, and it can be adopted as a useful instrument to evaluate the severity of side effects of antipsychotics.
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Objective To assess the clinical utility of P300 for the assessment of cognitive disorders in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by meta-analysis.Methods Studies comparing the P300 between PD patients with different cognitive disorders (dementia,mild cognitive impairment (MCI),and no cognitive impairment;the former two were “cognitive impairments”,while the latter two were “nondementia”) and healthy controls were retrieved by searching within major Chinese and English databases.Studies,whose case and control groups were matched for age and gender,were rated as high quality.Weighted mean differences (WMDs) in P300 latency and amplitude between groups were calculated by using meta-analysis.Results In total,23 studies were included and 20 of which were rated high quality.Demented PD patients had statistically significant longer P300 latency (WMD:56.14,95％ CI:19.06,93.23) and lower amplitude (WMD:-1.30,95％CI:-2.08,-0.51) than non-demented PD patients.PD patients with MCI had statistically significant longer P300 latency (WMD:13.71,95％CI:5.13,22.29) and lower amplitude (WMD:-1.25,95 ％ CI:-2.29,-0.21) than PD patients without cognitive disorders.However,no significant differences in P300 latency (WMD:4.16,95％ CI:-13.85,22.17) and amplitude (WMD:0.23,95％ CI:-1.72,2.17) were found between PD patients with dementia and MCI.Conclusion Among Chinese PD patients,there are significant P300 differences between those with dementia and without dementia,and between MCI and those without cognitive impairments,however,but no significant P300 differences between those with dementia and MCI.
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The etiology and pathological mechanism of schizophrenia are very complicated,and the heterogeneity of clinical manifestation and the heterogeneity of treatment reaction are also distinct. The jour-nal of World Journal of psychiatry reported that in the past 20 years,about the schizophrenic biomarker stud-y,either the direction of our research is wrong,or the direction is right,but the method is wrong. It is urgent to adopt new technologies to carry out study about the biomarkers of schizophrenia from multiple perspectives. It can be seen that the precise exploration of the etiology and specific pathological mechanism and therapeutic targets of schizophrenia is still a common research task of the world researchers. Compared with the research results achieved by tumor and heart disease study and the rapid development of clinical transformation,psy-chiatric research needs to consider other disciplines'ideas,methods and techniques to promote the research of schizophrenia. In the past 2 years,many scholars have studied schizophrenia from different perspectives. This paper reviewed the previous studies about omics matrix biomarkers study during the past two years. We brief-ly summarized the previous findings from the brain connectomics,genomics,proteomics,and microbial genom-ics perspective,respectively. We generally described the progress of brain imaging networks,gene networks, protein networks and micro biological networks in schizophrenia to increase our understanding of knowledge in this field.
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Objective To investigate the effect and safety of venlafaxine augmented with amisulpride in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Methods Fifty patients with major depressive disorder were randomly divided into control group treated with venlafaxine (n=25) and study group treated by venlafaxine augmented with amisulpride (n=25). The treatment lasted 8 weeks. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) were used to evaluate the effect and safety of therapy before and 1, 2, 4, and 8-week after treatment. The serum level of IL-18 was detected at each time points in two groups. Results After treatment for 2, 4 and 8 weeks, the serum levels of IL-18 were significantly decreased in study group than that of control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-18 were gradually reduced with the extended treatment time in two groups. There was no interaction between two groups and different processing times. Scores of HAMD decreased gradually after treatment in two groups. Scores of HAMD were significantly lower after treatment than that before treatment in study group (P<0.05). Scores of HAMD were significantly lower after treatment than that before treatment except for one-week treatment in control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in HAMD scores before treatment and one-week treatment of two groups. Scores of HAMD were significantly lower 2,4 and 8 weeks after treatment in study group compared with those of control group (P<0.05). There was a interaction between groups and processing times (P<0.05). The effective rates increased in study group (96%) than control group (76.0%). The adverse effects were less in two groups. Conclusion The low dose of amisulpride helps to improve the efficacy of venlafaxine in the treatment of major depressive disorder, which has good security and can inhibit inflammatory reaction.
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The social demand for mental health and psychological treatment has increased,but the effective psychotherapy for contemporary people is not much.Naikan cognitive therapy proved to be a kind of adaptation to disease extensive,simple and normative operation,cura the therapy following development in practice and improvement more than 20 years.In this article Naikan cognitive therapy theory research,mechanism,treatment process,techniques,mode of operation and effect of application were focused.Naikan cognitive therapy theory and operation and related problems of system is introduced to provide basis and guidance for the study and application of Naikan cognitive therapy.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between job burnout and psychological health diathesis of the senior medical workers in Tianjin.Methods 263 medical workers were tested by Psychological Health Diathesis Scale (PHDS) and Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMB[).Results (1) Total detection rate of burnout was 69.3％.Detection rate of mild burnout was 43.0％,moderate 20.2％,and severe 6.1％.(2) Explain rate of self-concept and emotionality to the job burnout was 31.5％.Conclusion Job burnout is prevalent in the senior medical workers in Tianjin.Emotionality,interpersonal diathesis and self-concept,to some extent,can forecast job burnout.
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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Naikan cognitive therapy(NCT) for alcohol dependent patients.Methods 64 cases of alcohol-dependent patients were randomly assigned to the study group (32 cases) and the control group (32 cases).The study group was treated with NCT for successive 7 days on the basis of taking original drugs; and the control group was only given the original drug therapy.The obsessive compulsive drinking scale (OCDS),self-report symptom inventory(SCL-90),nurses observation scale for inpatient evaluation(NOSIE) were administered to all subjects at pre-and post-treatment.Results ①After the treatments,the scores of OCDS in study group (49.51 ± 1.63) were lower than that in control group(53.92 ± 1.82),and the statistical difference had the significance (P ＜ 0.01).②After the treatments,the total scores and some factor scores of SCL-90 in study group were lower than in control group (t =-2.413,P =0.019 ; t =-2.033,P =0.047 ; t =-2.065,P =0.044 ; t =-2.038,0.046),and the difference was statistically significant.③After the treatments,in the study group,the scores of the total estimated factor and total positive factor(187.10 ± 18.80;78.51 ±12.22) were higher than in control group (175.51 ± 11.71 ; 68.22 ± 11.87),total negative factor score (15.55 ±9.46) were lower than in control group (20.51 ± 9.33),and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion NCT can effectively inhibit alcohol craving,and reduce the drinking wine relevant questions.It can help to improve psychological symptoms in patients with alcohol dependence,especially depression and anxious symptoms.
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Objective To explore the difference of the oxytocin levels between social phobia patients and normal controls,and the relationship of symptoms severity of social phobia with the oxytocin levels and the relationship of drug effects with oxytocin levels.Methods Twenty seven 16-26 years old social phobia patients and thirty one normal controls were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the oxytocin levels,and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale was used to evaluate the symptoms severity of social phobia in patient group.Paroxetine was used to treat the patients with the drugs of 20mg per day,the Clinical Global Impression Scale were used to evaluate the drug effects after 4 weeks treatment.Results Mann-Whitney test showed there were significantly differences in oxytocin level between patients and controls ( (202.93 ± 145.06) pg/ml vs ( 152.29 ± 101.89 ) pg/ml,Z =- 1.307,P=0.030).Multiple liner regression analyses showed that the level of oxytocin was an impact factor of the severity of social phobia symptom (adjusted R2 =0.158,F=5.888,P=0.023 ).Logistic regression analyses showed that the level of oxytocin was an impact factor of the effective of drug treatment( OR=3.132,P =0.029 ).Conclusion This study indicate that the value of plasma oxytocin maybe significantly differences between social phobia and normal controls and the plasma oxytocin level maybe a factor which influence the symptoms severity and the effective of drug treatment in social phobia patients.
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ObjectiveTo explore the difference of the oxytocin Levels and cortisol levels between major depression patients and normal controls,and the relationship of symptoms severity of major depression with oxytocin levels and cortisol levels.MethodsTwenty 18 ～ 45years old major depression patients and twenty six normal controls were tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the oxytocin levels and cortisol levels,and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 item was used to evaluate the symptoms severity of depression in patient group.ResultsMann-Whitney test showed there were significantly differences in oxytocin level between patients and controls ( ( 213.60 ± 164.29 ) pg/ml vs ( 112.27 ± 101.21 ) pg/ml,z =- 2.306,P =0.021 ),but there were no significantly differences in cortisol level between two groups.Within the depressive sample( (0.131± 0.089) vs (0.107 ± 0.077 ) pg/ul,z =- 0.920,P =0.358 ),the severity of depressive symptom was positive correlated to the value of oxytocin ( r=0.599,P=0.005) and cortisol( r=0.691,P=0.001 ),the value of oxytocin was also positive correlated to the value of cortisol( r =0.743,P ＜ 0.01 ),Multiple liner regression analyses showed that the value of oxytocin is an impact factor of the severity of depression.( adjusted R2 =0.358,F =11.578,P =0.003 ).ConclusionThis study indicated that the value of plasma oxytocin maybe significantly differences between depression and normal controls and the plasma oxytocin level maybe a factor which influence the severity of major depression,the relationship of the cortisol value and the severity of depression can not be confirmed.
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Objective To explore effects of Naikan cognitive therapy on improving clinical symptoms in patients with convalescent schizophrenia. Methods The 69 convalescent schizophrenic patients with convalescent clinical state were consecutively recruited. All the patients were divided into Naikan cognitive therapy ( NCT) group an control group at random and were pretreated with antipsychotic agent therapy. In NCT group,the patients received NCT for successive 7 days. In control group,the patients only received antipsychotic agent therapy. Pre-and post-treatment positive and negative syndrome scale( PANSS) , Nurses'observation scale for inpatient evaluation (NOSIE) were administered to all subjects. Results ① A significant decrease occurred in PANSS total score, negative symptom score, positive symptom score, compound scale score, general psychopathology score, reaction retardation score and paranoid score in NCT group ( t = 2. 672～7. 370, P < 0. 05). In the post-treatment, PANSS total score, negative symptom score, positive symptom score, compound scale score, reaction retardation score and thought disorder score were significantly lower in NCT group than those in control group ( t ' = 2. 696, P = 0. 009; t = 5. 186, P=0.000; t = 3.757, P = 0.001; t = 2.634,P = 0.011; t ' =2.376, P = 0.021). ②A significant decrease occurred in NOSIE total negative score( 10.43 ± 9. 24 vs 13. 87 ± 8. 03, t = 3. 463 , P = 0. 002) , irritation score(3. 13 ±0.43 vs8.53 ±4.98, t = 6. 139, P=0.000) and retardation score(1.07 ± 1.64 vs 2. 20 ±2.85, t = 2.067, P = 0.048) in NCT group. Conclusion NCT can possibly improve part clinical symptoms of patients with convalescent schizophrenia to a certain extent,especially negative symptom,but need to further prove the effect of NaiKan cognitive therapy.
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Objective To explore the executive function and working memory ability of patients with social phobia. Methods The study included 42 social phobia patients whose age, sex, and level of education were matched with those of a healthy control group. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Digit Span, Spatial Span, Multiple-Objects-Spatial span were used to study the executive function and working memory. Results Patients with social phobia scored higher than the control group in terms of the number of non perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ( 18. 75 ± 6. 20, 8. 89 ± 3. 22 respectively ). No differences were observed in perseverative errors and other scores between the patient and control group. Patients with social phobia scored lower than the control group in terms of Digit Span(7.25 ±1.35,8.03 ±2. 30 respectively) ,Spatial Span(6. 11±1.85,8.61 ±2.87 respectively) and Multiple-Objects-Spatial span(4.03 ± 1. 39 ,5. 18 ± 1.07 respectively). Conclusion Working memory ability in the social phobia patients is impaired, and this may cause the poor performance in patients with the social phobia in academic and social working.
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Objective To investigate the differences of self-concept and personality in middle school students between the migrant workers and local children. Methods Self-concept was assessed by Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale (PHCSS) and personality was assessed by Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ ) in the middle school students between the migrant workers ( n = 206) and local children ( n= 166). Results 1. There was no significant difference between two groups in behavior,intellect and school state and physical appearance subscale of PHCSS. The total scores (55. 7 ± 10.1) and other subscale of PHCSS of the migrant workers group were significant lower than those of the local group (P＜0.01). The total scores (55. 8 ±9. 9) and anxiety (9.4 ± 2.4) and happiness satisfaction (7.5 ±1.9) subscale of PHCSS in the male middle school students of the migrant workers group was significant lower than those of the local group(P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01). The total scores (54.8±10.2),anxiety(9.0±2.2),gregarious (8.2 ±2.0) ,happiness satisfaction (7.4 ±2.0) subscale of PHCSS in the female middle school students of the migrant workers group were significant lower than those of the local group(P ＜ 0. 01) 2. Except Lie ( L) score of EPQ, other three scores were significantly different between two groups. Conclusion self-concept of middle school students of the migrant workers studying in Tianjin is significantly lower than that of the local. Personality in middle school students of the migrant workers is more diffident, neuropathic and more psychotics than that of local.
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Objective:To study the relationship between graduate students'personalities, life events and psychic symptom.Methods:828 graduate students in Tianjin were investigated, their psychosomatic symptoms were rated with SCL-90 and psychosocial factors were assessed with Cattell 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire and Life Event Scale.Result:The first three factors in the psychosomatic symptoms were displayed in order: Obsession-compulsion(0.67?0.55), Interpersonal sensitivity (0.61?0.56), and Depression(0.50?0.51).The personalities were revealed as follows: E (6.23?1.69) , F(6.23?1.80) and Q 4(6.12?1.10), these factors were higher than Chinese norm, L (3.82?1.62), O (4.64?1.70) and I (4.86?1.62) were lower than norm.Conclusion:Male, having siblings, engineer and negative scores of work and study are risk factors for psychosomatic symptoms, whereas medical staff is a protective one.