ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of local and topical anesthesia during gingival retraction in prepared abutment teeth. Material and Methods: 72 patients desiring full mouth rehabilitation or bilateral fixed partial denture in the same arch were selected based on the inclusion criteria framed and were randomly allocated into Groups A and B of 36 each. Patients in Group A received gingival retraction with topical anesthesia and Group B received gingival retraction with infiltration anesthesia. All the patients were tested for pain, discomfort and bleeding during gingival retraction. Results: There was no significant difference in pain, discomfort and gingival bleeding (P >.05) during gingival retraction using topical and local anesthetic agents. Conclusion: Topical anesthesia was equally effective as infiltration anesthesia in managing the pain, discomfort and bleeding during gingival retraction by cord packing in prepared abutment teeth. (AU)
Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia da anestesia local e tópica durante a retração gengival previa a moldagem em dentes pilares preparados. Material e Métodos: Foram selecionados 72 pacientes indicados para reabilitação bucal total ou prótese parcial fixa bilateral na mesma arcada com base nos critérios de inclusão formulados e alocados aleatoriamente nos Grupos A e B com 36 pacientes cada. Os pacientes do Grupo A receberam retração gengival com anestesia tópica e no Grupo B receberam retração gengival com anestesia infiltrativa. Todos os pacientes foram testados para dor, desconforto e sangramento durante o procedimento. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na dor, desconforto e sangramento gengival (P>. 05) durante a retração gengival com anestésicos tópicos e locais. Conclusão: A anestesia tópica foi tão eficaz quanto a anestesia de infiltração no controle da dor, desconforto e sangramento durante a retração gengival com fio retrator gengival em dentes pilares preparados.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Pain , Dental Leakage , Gingival Retraction Techniques , Anesthetics, LocalABSTRACT
Maxillofacial rehabilitation after accidents, surgical removal due to malignancy or congenital deformity is challenging, since it not only affects the patient function and aesthetics but also impairs the patient confidence in the society. Prosthodontic rehabilitation restores patient confidence, comfort along with function and aesthetics. Various prosthodontic treatment options are available. Selection of adequate prosthesis that suits the patient is of utmost importance. Fixed or removable prosthesis are selected based on the supporting structures. If the teeth or underlying bone are of poor quality or quantity, removable prosthesis is advised. Conventional complete denture therapy results in inadequate denture retention, stability & patient satisfaction.1 The patient’s confidence & comfort in such cases would be compromised. However, the hybrid dentures could overcome the shortcomings of conventional complete dentures. Problems like loose dentures, loss of proprioception & bone resorption can be resolved with hybrid dentures & hence it is the last line of defence that successfully keeps patients from becoming edentulous. Studies indicate that there is inevitable resorption of residual ridge, following the loss of teeth. Ridges treated with hybrid dentures showed significant less vertical alveolar bone resorption than ridges with conventional complete maxillary and mandibular dentures.2 The rate of resorption depends on three factors; the character of bone, health of the individual and the amount and type of forces on the bone. Ten years of clinical investigation showed that weak teeth used as support for denture prosthesis not only remained in position but a few have regained a healthier status.3 Neil’s Brill (1955) classified the dentures supported by the existing natural teeth that had characteristics of both a removable partial denture and a complete denture, were termed as Hybrid Prosthesis.4 This case report describes the prosthodontic rehabilitation of a patient after undergoing partial maxillectomy due to mucormycosis.Rehabilitation of maxillofacial defect to an acceptable manner is challenging as it is related with psychological factors apart from function and aesthetics. A proper selection of prosthesis is utmost important to achieve this goal. The basic principles of any prosthetic design include preservation of the remaining natural tissues along with retention, stability, support, and aesthetics. Prosthodontic rehabilitation can be done either fixed or removable based on the supporting structures. If the hard tissue support is not adequate to withstand forces for fixed restoration, removable prosthesis are recommended. This clinical report describes maxillary rehabilitation with removable prosthesis in a compromised hard tissue support.
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During the course of the oral examination or during procedures, dentists, auxiliaries, and other healthcare personnel have an increased chance of getting exposed to various pathogens. There were about 80 known herpes viruses, and in that at least eight of them are known to cause infections in humans. Herpes labialis also known as cold sores is the most common orofacial form of recurrent HSV infection. The dentist should have a clear knowledge of herpetic infections because they are frequently exposed to patients who suffer from HSV infections. A close-ended questionnaire comprising 10 questions regarding encompassing major aspects of herpetic infections were prepared and distributed among dentists through an online survey. Data were tabulated and analyzed by computing the percentage response for each question. Proper awareness should be created among dentists for treating patients in their clinical practice. From this survey, it can be concluded that the majority of dental practitioners were aware of oral herpetic infections
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Topical corticosteroids play a major role in the treatment of many dermatologic conditions. They are FDA-approved and indicated for the use of inflammatory and pruritic presentations of dermatologic conditions. The well-known indications are for diseases such as psoriasis, limited areas of vitiligo, eczema, atopic dermatitis, phimosis, acute radiation dermatitis, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus, discoid lupus erythematosus, and lichen sclerosus. They are effective for conditions involving hyper-proliferation, immunological, and inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of topical corticosteroids among the dental students. The present study was an online-based survey conducted among dental students. Questionnaires were prepared and distributed among dental students through an online portal system called google forms. About 84% of dental students were aware of topical corticosteroids. From the results of the survey, it is clear that most of the dental students were well aware of topical corticosteroids and also had proper knowledge and its complications.
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Nanotechnology is widely used in day to day life including its use in medicine. Using nanotechnology it is easy to analyse the atoms , chemical bonds and molecules present between various compounds. Use of nanoparticles in the field of dentistry is called nano dentistry. Chemical, physical and biological aspects of nanoparticles should be taken into account while choosing nanoparticles for the use in the field of nano dentistry. Nanoparticles are used in innovations of dentistry. Nano materials can be used for preventing and curing oral diseases such as oral cancer and to maintain oral health care. This study aims at evaluating knowledge and awareness of nanoparticles incorporated in dental materials among undergraduate dental students. A questionnaire with a set of 9 questions to assess the students knowledge and awareness about nanoparticles incorporation in dental materials. The sample size of 99 participants of dental students of Saveetha Dental College were selected by a simple random sampling method. The participants were asked to fill the questionnaire in an online site called survey planet. The results were collected and statistically analysed. Chi square test was done and it was found that 71% of the participants were aware about the use of nanoparticles in dental materials, even though it is statistically not significant (p value- 0.436), 73% of respondents were aware about nanoparticle incorporation in impression materials with p value 0.449 (not significant) and 72% were aware about use of nanomaterials in titanium implants(p value-0.340). Within the limitations of the study, it can be observed that the undergraduate students at the Faculty of Dentistry of Saveetha were well aware about the use of nanoparticles in dental materials
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness and knowledge on the use of Botox injections in facial aesthetics among undergraduate dental students. Botulinum toxin is considered as a quick and effective non-surgical solution for enhancing physical appearance. Botox is considered as the best choice, as it is affordable and less radical than surgery. It is derived from gram-positive spore forming, clostridium botulinum. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the awareness of dentists towards using botulinum toxins in facial aesthetics. The survey was conducted online via survey planet. There were about 103 study population, participated in this study. Data is collected using an online survey planet link and statistically analysed. 95.1% of participants reported that they have general knowledge on the Botox (95.1%). 66 % of respondents agreed that clostridium botulinum bacterium is the source of Botox. 24.51% of respondents stated that Botox was commonly used for wrinkle reduction and 96.1% were aware of the toxicity effect of Botox when it is administered in a high dosage. Association between response of the participants and knowledge on Botox was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). According to our study, the majority of students showed an acceptable level of knowledge and awareness on Botox and its use in facial aesthetics
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Beta-lactam antibiotic is the most common antibiotic prescribed by dental students. However, the actual knowledge on beta lactam is important as antimicrobial resistance is currently an alarming and growing phenomenon and in turn becoming a public health challenge. A survey was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness of beta-lactam antibiotics prescriptions among dental students in their third years, final years and interns. A total of 145 responses were obtained and the results were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software.Based on their knowledge on beta-lactam antibiotics, 59.3% of the participants knew exactly the mechanisms of action of beta-lactam antibiotic which was by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. In the case of penicillin allergy, 40% ofthe participants chose erythromycin as the alternative for penicillin allergy. 84% of the participants were aware that the combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid may increase its effectiveness. Meanwhile, 98% of the participants were aware that amoxicillin is the drug of choice for bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis. 72% of the participants were aware that most beta-lactam antibiotics are considered safe for pregnant and lactating women which was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, the students had quite a good knowledge and awareness regarding the prescription of beta-lactam antibiotics since they have been practicing under guidance from the practitioner in the college
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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting a vast majority of the human population causing marked morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes and vision. It is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in people. In this review, various nano-delivery systems to effectively deliver antidiabetic compounds in treating angiopathy and retinopathy in diabetes mellitus are discussed. This has been used to overcome many complications in traditional treatment of bioactive compounds with a lower potential antidiabetic effect due to the lower stability of those compounds in gastrointestinal systems and during absorption. Several bioactive compounds loaded into nanodelivery systems are currently in clinical trials, and once these compounds are commercially marketed, nano bioactive compounds will be available as novel medicines to treat many chronic diseases, including diabetes mellitus. DR is driven by prolonged hyperglycaemic episodes arising from suboptimal glycaemic control in patients with either Type I or II diabetes mellitus. Elevated blood glucose levels alter the regulation of a number of biochemical pathways leading to superoxide production and oxidative stress in retina. Mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and hypoxia-driven Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) secretion giving rise to vascular and neuronal apoptosis, neovascularization and elevated vasopermeability, respectively. Several medicines loaded with nanoparticles have been developed to enhance the target effectiveness and bioavailability of medicinal compounds with antidiabetic effects in various animal and human models. Bioactive compounds have been loaded into nanoparticles for oral delivery in various antidiabetic animal models, and the results have shown improved stability, bioavailability, and sustained antidiabetic effects. Nanocarriers used in the delivery of drugs are very precise and ensure targeted drug delivery at the disease site. The antidiabetic activity of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded lipid nanocapsules, humanin peptide with elastin like polypeptide nanoassembly, loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles, anti-VEGF-aptamer modified C-Dots as hybrid nano-composite, axitinib, apatinib loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles, mulberry leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles, resveratrol coated gold nanoparticles, fenofibrate-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles, nano-delivery of doxorubicin, insulin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, silk fibroin nanoparticles, fluorescent silicon nanoparticles-based theranostic probes, topical curcumin nanocarriers, nanoparticles loaded-palmitoyl ethanolamide, hyaluronic acid coated albumin nanoparticles, nilvadipine loaded nanoparticles, cilostazol ophthalmic nanodispersions, naringenin-loaded sulphobutylether-β-cyclodextrin/chitosan nanoparticles, emodin-loaded magnesium silicate hollow nanocarriers, yttrium oxide nanoparticles are discussed in this review.