ABSTRACT
Introduction: In the recent few decades, there had beena dramatic rise in the global incidence of dengue. As thedisease is associated with high mortality and morbidity, arapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for early appropriatemanagement and for prevention of complications. Now days,a variety of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) kits and EnzymeLinked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) based test kits areavailable. In this present study we have attempted to doa diagnostic test evaluation of rapid ICT with ELISA fordetection of NS1 antigen and IgM antibody for acute denguediagnosis.Material and Methods: A Cross-Sectional study was carriedout in the Department of Microbiology, Govt. MedicalCollege, Raigarh from November 2017 to October 2018. 1200suspected serum samples were tested for dengue identificationby Immuno-chromatography (ICT) based RDT kit (J. Mitraand Co. Pvt.Ltd, India) which detects NS1 antigen, IgM andIgG antibodies. From the Dengue rapid reactive samples testdone by ICTs were subjected to ELISA tests for ConfirmationNS1 antigen and IgM antibodies.Results: The Rapid Dengue Test showed a sensitivity andspecificity of 98% and 74% for NS1 antigen detection and76% and 90% for IgM Antibody detection.Conclusion: Good sensitivity and specificity of rapiddiagnostic tests for early detection of dengue was observed.These kits are suitable for early detection of dengue cases,as with high sensitivity and specificity it can help in earlyscreening of patients and can further limit the spread ofdisease where ELISA facilities are not available
ABSTRACT
In this study future flooding frequencies have been estimated for the Grand River catchment located in south-western Ontario, Canada. Historical and future climatic projections made by fifteen Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project-3 climate models are bias-corrected and downscaled before they are used to obtain mid- and end of 21st century streamflow projections. By comparing the future projected and historically observed precipitation and temperature records it is found that the mean and extreme temperature events will intensify in future across the catchment. The increase is more drastic in the case of extreme events than the mean events. The sign of change in future precipitation is uncertain. Further flow extremes are expected to increase in magnitude and frequency in future across the catchment. The confidence in the projection is more for low return period (<10 years) extreme events than higher return period (10-100 years) events. It can be expected that increases in temperature will play a dominant role in increasing the magnitude of low return period flooding events while precipitation seems to play an important role in shaping the high return period events.
ABSTRACT
Molecular typing of total 84 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates was performed using coagulase gene PCR. Out of 84 S. aureus strains total 33 different types of S. aureus strains were prevalent in this hospital and community. Types 2-7 and 9 were the most prevalent S. aureus strains accounting for more than 53% of total isolates. This technique is relatively inexpensive and is simple to perform and analyze.