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1.
Mastology (Online) ; 33: e20230027, 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1577201

ABSTRACT

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has become a common treatment strategy for early-stage breast cancer. In this study, we conducted a systematic research in the PubMed database using the following terms: breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, randomized clinical trials, complete pathological response, overall survival, and disease-free survival. The research has been limited to articles published in the past 30 years (1993­2023). We included only randomized clinical trials that evaluated the use of NAC in breast cancer and data on PCR rates and survival outcomes. Our research resulted in a total of 13 randomized clinical trials and two meta-analyses. The PCR rates ranged from 13% to 58%, with higher rates observed in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2+) disease. Several trials reveal a significant association between PCR and better survival results, including overall survival and disease-free survival. However, the impact of PCR on survival results was less consistent in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The use of taxanes in combination with anthracyclines has been the most common NAC scheme evaluated in these trials. The PCR rates have been associated with better survival outcomes, in patients with TNBC and HER-2+ disease. However, the impact of PCR on survival outcomes in patients with hormone receptorpositive breast cancer is less clear. Additional studies are needed to determine the optimal NAC regimen for each subtype of breast cancer and to identify biomarkers that can predict the NAC response. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Drug Therapy
2.
Mastology (Online) ; 33: e20230022, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1572094

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an increasingly frequent option in the treatment of breast cancer. One of the goals of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is to change the indication for a mastectomy to a conservative surgery, and for axillary lymphadenectomy to sentinel lymph node assessment. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study that evaluated response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment. Patients were divided into three groups when the surgery indication was changed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: downgrade, unchanged, upgrade. Results: During the study period, 355 patients were included with a mean age of 55 years. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy promoted a downgrade in 38.7% of patients with indication for mastectomy and an upgrade in 36.8% of patients with indication for conservative surgery; in the total group, the maintenance of indication for surgery was 62,2%. In the axillary approach, lymphadenectomy downgrade was 6.9% and sentinel lymph node biopsy upgrade was 34% with 27% being due to positivity and 7% due to disease progression. Multivariate analysis found a significant difference between clinical staging and change in surgical indication for both breast and axilla (p<0.0001). In the multivariate analysis of pathologic complete response and change of indication for breast and axilla surgery, triple negative and HER-2-positive tumors showed a significant difference (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was able to perform a downgrade of breast and axilla surgery in few patients and there was no relationship between the change of indication and pathologic complete response. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Mastectomy, Segmental , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Prognosis , General Surgery , Mastectomy
3.
Mastology (Online) ; 31: 1-8, 2021.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1348567

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) centers are increasingly attending "ultra-young" women (UYW) patients (≤ 30 years), who usually present aggressive tumors and face specific problems. Objectives: We aimed to examine a multicentric casuistic view, addressing clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of BC, as well as therapeutic measures and oncological outcomes. Methods: A retrospective multicentric observational study of UYW with infiltrating BC was carried out. The patients were treated between the period from January 1991 to December 2019. Clinical, epidemiological, morphological, molecular, therapeutic and outcomes data were collected from the charts. Results: A total of 293 patients were followed for a average period of 34.5 months. Nulliparity was referred by 204 women (75.5%), of whom 81 (37.1%) were overweight or obese. Positive family history in first-degree relatives was verified in 25 patients (10.1%). Only 30 patients underwent genetic tests, which revealed inherited pathogenic mutations in 12 of them (37.5%). Thirty-two (32) cases were classified as T1 at diagnosis (10.9%), while "De novo" stage IV was found in 29 patients (9.8%). Mastectomy was performed in 175 women (70.2%), quadrantectomy in 46 women (18.4%), and mammary adenectomies in 28 women (11.2%), of which 149 cases were reported after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (56.0%). A total of 111 patients had at least one positive lymph node (47.4%). The rate of patients with estrogen receptor-negative was 32.7% and the rate of patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-positive (HER2-positive) was 25%. The frequency of Luminal A neoplasias was 16.6%, Luminal B/HER2- was 35.9%, Luminal B/HER2+ was 15.1%, HER2 overexpressed was 9.3%, and Basal was 22.9%. Taking into account the outcomes, 173 patients were alive without disease (65.7%); 23 patients were alive with any form of recurrence (8.7%); and 67 patients (25.4%) evolved to BC deaths. Conclusions: It was concluded that UYW with BC are commonly diagnosed at advanced stages, present adverse morphological and molecular parameters, and have unfavorable prognosis.

4.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 27(1): 70-74, jan.-mar. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-832165

ABSTRACT

Linfomas são doenças sistêmicas e podem ser classificados como nodais ou extranodais, dependendo do sítio de origem. A estimativa da taxa de incidência, pelo Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Brasil, para 2014, dos linfomas não Hodgkin (LNH) e dos linfomas de Hodgkin (LH) foi de 4.850 e 880 casos em mulheres, respectivamente. Linfomas da mama são tipos raros de linfoma extranodal, constituindo em 0,4 a 0,7% dos cânceres de mama e aproximadamente 1,0 a 2,0% de todos os linfomas. Relatou-se caso de paciente com linfoma secundário de mama, de apresentação clínica diferenciada, com edema difuso, dor e hiperemia de pele da mama acometida simulando mastite. O diagnóstico foi feito por meio de estudo imuno-histoquímico do fragmento obtido por intermédio de core biopsy da mama. A paciente foi encaminhada para tratamento em centro especializado em onco-hematologia. O intuito do relato deste caso foi ressaltar a importância do diagnóstico dessa patologia rara, com apresentação clínica incomum, evitando-se tratamentos inadequados que possam piorar o prognóstico da doença.


Lymphomas are considered systemic diseases, and may be classified as nodal or extranodal, depending on their origin. The estimated incidence rate by José Alencar Gomes da Silva National Cancer Institute (INCA), Brazil, in 2014 of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) was 4,850 cases and 880 cases in women, respectively. Breast lymphomas are rare types of extranodal lymphoma, constituting 0.4 to 0.7% of breast cancers and approximately 1.0 to 2.0% of all lymphomas. A case of a 32-year-old patient with secondary breast lymphoma with differentiated clinical presentation was reported. Examination showed diffuse swelling, pain and hyperemia of the breast skin simulating mastitis. The diagnosis was made through immunohistochemical study of fragment obtained through core biopsy. The patient was referred to specialized treatment center in oncology and hematology. The aim of this report was to highlight the importance of diagnosing this rare pathology, with unusual clinical presentation, in order to avoid inappropriate treatments that may worsen the prognosis of the disease.

5.
Reprod. clim ; 32(2): 148-151, 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-883452

ABSTRACT

A criopreservação de oócitos contribuiu para o avanço das técnicas em reprodução humana nas últimas décadas. A metodologia tem sua aplicação na preservação da fertilidade, em programas de ovodoação, como estratégia para redução do número de embriões extranumerários criopreservados com manipulação de menor número de oócitos a fresco e para acúmulo de oócitos em ciclos com reduzida resposta ovariana. A partir do princípio de que todo cidadão tem direito a saúde, é dever do Estado garantir o acesso a todos os tipos de tratamento. O Centro de Referência da Saúde da Mulher ­ Hospital Pérola Byington implantou a técnica de vitrificação de oócitos em 2010, aprimora os protocolos continuamente e busca melhores taxas de sobrevida, fertilização, clivagem e gestação. Relatamos as duas primeiras gestações, com nascimento, obtidas a partir de oócitos vitrificados em nosso Centro, que comprovam a viabilidade da aplicação dessa técnica e oferecem, assim, atendimento ao público com equidade e gratuidade integral.(AU)


The oocytes cryopreservation contributed substantially to a breakthough in Assisted Human Reproduction techniques over the last three decades. The methodology has been applied in the fertility preservation, through oocyte donation programmes, as strategy to reduce the number of supernumerary embryos cryopreserved by manipulating the least amount of fresh oocytes, and in the accumulation of oocytes in cycles with poor ovarian responders. Assuming the principle that every citizen has the right to health, it is the duty of the State to ensure access to all types of treatment. The Woman's Health Reference Center ­ Pérola Byington Hospital has implemented the technique of oocytes vitrification since 2010, and has been improving our protocol continuously: aiming at improvements in the rates of survival, fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy. We reported the first two pregnancies, infants live born after oocytes vitrification, at our Center, proving the feasibility of the oocytes vitrification protocol applied, offering service to the public with equity and no cost for the patient.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Hospitals, Public , Oocytes , Reproductive Health Services , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted , Vitrification
6.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(1): 2-11, jan.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1485

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes submetidas à mastectomia radical, com extensa perda tecidual, necessitam de procedimento cirúrgico de fechamento rápido e simples da lesão, com boa cobertura cutânea e mínima morbidade, para que possam receber precocemente tratamentos complementares. Estudamos a eficácia e a segurança de um novo formato do retalho toracoepigástrico com o posicionamento semissentado (Fowler) da paciente durante a cirurgia. A hipótese é de que o procedimento, além de obter adequado fechamento de grandes lesões, permita garantir a sobrevivência do retalho. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas todas as pacientes consecutivamente operadas com mastectomias radicais entre 2009 e 2014 submetidas a reconstruções torácicas. Os principais desfechos analisados foram a viabilidade do retalho e a eficácia no fechamento cirúrgico. RESULTADOS: No período do estudo, foram operadas 29 pacientes com tumor localmente avançado (90%) ou recidivado (10%), uma operada bilateralmente (30 retalhos); vinte e três (79%) com estadiamento III e seis (21%), estadiamento IV. A extensão das áreas ressecadas variou de 20 x 15 cm a 13 x 9 cm (média 15,5 x 11,6 cm). Retalho toracoepigástrico foi utilizado com dimensões variando de 25 x 12 cm a 18 x 8 cm (média de 21,3 x 10,4 cm). Houve apenas duas deiscências (7%), que cicatrizaram sem necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica, e um hematoma, drenado cirurgicamente. Uma paciente faleceu no 11º dia pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: O retalho toracoepigástrico foi eficaz e seguro, sem necessidade do uso de outros retalhos ou enxertos cutâneos, fechando a área doadora adequadamente em todos os casos. Todas as pacientes, excluindo o óbito, estavam aptas para o tratamento complementar após um mês.


INTRODUCTION: Patients who undergo radical mastectomy with extensive tissue loss require a surgical procedure for rapid and simple closure of the lesion, with good skin coverage and minimal morbidity, to make them eligible for early complementary treatments. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new format of thoracoepigastric flap with patients in the Semi-Fowler position during surgery. We hypothesized that this procedure would achieve proper closure of large lesions and ensure the survival of the flap. METHODS: All consecutive patients who underwent radical mastectomy between 2009 and 2014 and had chest wall reconstruction were evaluated. The main outcomes evaluated were the viability of the flap and effectiveness of the surgical closure. RESULTS: During the study period, we operated on 29 patients with locally advanced (90%) or recurrent tumor (10%), and one patient was operated on bilaterally (total of 30 flaps). Of the study sample, 23 patients (79%) were at stage III and 6 (21%), at stage IV. The dimensions of the resected areas varied from 20 x 15 cm to 13 x 9 cm (average 15.5 x 11.6 cm). The dimensions of the thoracoepigastric flaps varied from 25 x 12 to 18 x 8 cm (average 21.3 x 10.4 cm). There were only 2 cases of dehiscence (7%), which resolved without surgical intervention, and one case of hematoma, which was drained surgically. One patient died on the eleventh postoperative day. CONCLUSION: Thoracoepigastric flaps were effective and safe, did not require the use of other flaps or skin grafting, and adequately closed the donor areas in all cases. All patients, except the patient who died, were eligible for complementary treatment one month after surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , History, 21st Century , Surgical Flaps , Thorax , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Thoracic Surgical Procedures , Evaluation Study , Thoracic Wall , Mastectomy , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Thorax/pathology , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Thoracic Surgical Procedures/methods , Thoracic Wall/surgery , Mastectomy/methods
7.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 32(5): eCO010516, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-952277
8.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(2): 148-157, 2016. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A reconstrução mamária com uso de expansores/implantes é uma das técnicas mais empregadas para tratamento das sequelas de mastectomia devido ao menor tempo cirúrgico e menor morbidade. No entanto, a manutenção da simetria com a mama contralateral a longo prazo continua a ser um grande desafio. É proposta, então, técnica de mastoplastia redutora com colocação de implante submuscular na mama contralateral de pacientes com reconstrução mamária. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídas 31 pacientes submetidas a esta técnica, cujas características principais são ressecção glandular associada à inclusão de prótese em plano subpeitoral total. Foram avaliadas as complicações e simetria de forma e volume obtida. RESULTADOS: Observou-se baixa incidência de complicações e revisões cirúrgicas, nenhum caso de perda do implante e bons resultados de simetria. CONCLUSÃO: A mastoplastia redutora com implante submuscular mostrou-se técnica segura, com bons resultados de simetria em pacientes mastectomizadas.


INTRODUCTION: Breast reconstruction with expanders/implants is one of the most common techniques used for the treatment of mastectomy-induced sequelae, due to the reduced surgical time and morbidity. However, the maintenance of long-term symmetrization in the contralateral breast remains a major challenge. The procedure of reduction mastoplasty has been developed, and is performed by positioning a submuscular implant in the contralateral breast of patients undergoing breast reconstruction. METHODS: A total of 31 patients were included in the study. Their primary characteristics were glandular resection, combined with implant insertion in the subpectoral plane. Complications, shape, symmetry, and volume were subsequently evaluated. RESULTS: A low incidence of complications and surgical revisions was observed, with no cases of implant loss. Good breast symmetry was achieved. CONCLUSION: Reduction mastoplasty with submuscular implants proved to be a safe procedure, and resulted in good breast symmetry in patients who underwent mastectomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , History, 21st Century , Postoperative Complications , Prostheses and Implants , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Tissue Expansion Devices , Retrospective Studies , Mammaplasty , Breast Implants , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Evaluation Study , Mammary Glands, Human , Mastectomy , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects , Prostheses and Implants/standards , Breast/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Tissue Expansion Devices/standards , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Mammaplasty/methods , Breast Implants/standards , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Mammary Glands, Human/surgery , Mastectomy/methods
9.
Reprod. clim ; 30(3): 102-107, 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-973032

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As drogas ilícitas promovem danos sociais e à saúde. Muitas mulheres que consomem drogas estão em situação de rua, trocam sexo para sua compra e não fazem contracepção adequada. Entre essas mulheres vulneráveis há aumento no risco de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) e de gestações não planejadas, com consequente aumento de abortos e partos prematuros, além de efeitos sobre o recém-nascido que, na sua maioria, tem como destino viver com parentes ou esperar por adoção em abrigos. A busca pela redução desses danos deve passar pela promoção de ações para uma maior integração social e de prevenção de gestações não planejadas por meio do implante de etonogestrel. Objetivo: Usar o implante subdérmico de etonogestrel para a prevenção de gestação não planejada entre mulheres usuárias de drogas ilícitas e de redução de danos.Método: Foram inseridos 106 implantes de etonogestrel em mulheres da Cracolândia, região central da cidade de São Paulo, onde foram colhidas informações na anamnese geral e específica em 101 usuárias de drogas ilícitas. Nessas foram feitos exames em 54 para diagnóstico de DST e de câncer de colo do útero.Resultado: Entre as mulheres usuárias de drogas que fizeram a inserção do implante 41,6%usam o crack como droga de preferência e 48,5% fazem associação com álcool e 85,2% como tabaco. Em relação à contracepção 36,7% das mulheres não usam qualquer método contraceptivo.Houve aumento na morbidade gestacional, 16,1% delas tiveram aborto e 20,6%filhos prematuros.Conclusão: O implante subdérmico de etonogestrel é indicação precisa para a prevenção de gravidez não planejada entre mulheres usuárias de drogas, reduz o risco de morbidade gestacional e neonatal, além de promover redução no dano social.


Introduction: Illicit drugs promote social and health harm. Many female illicit drug users live on the streets, exchanging sex to buy drugs leaving aside proper contraception methods. This situation facilitates the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and unplanned pregnancies among these women in such vulnerable conditions, causing an increase in abortion and premature birth as well as direct effects on the newborn, which often are abandoned or forced to live with relatives. The efforts to reduce such damages must involve the realization of activities that stimulate greater social inclusion, and prevent unplanned pregnancies through the etonogestrel implant. Objective: Use the subdermal etonogestrel implant to prevent unplanned pregnancy among female illicit drug users as a mean of social inclusion and social damage control. Method: The project applied 106 etonogestrel implants in women living in Cracolândia, central region of São Paulo, where information regarding general and specific history of 101 female drug users was collected. Also, from these 101 users, exams were performed in 54 women in order to diagnose STD and uterine cervix cancer. Result: Among the 106 women who had implant insertion, 41.6% use crack as main drug, in which 48.5% associate the drug with alcohol and 85.2% with tobacco. Regarding contraception methods, 36.7% do not use any kind of contraceptive method. As for pregnancy conditions, an increase in gestational morbidity was stated, where 16.1% had abortion and20.6% had premature deliveries. Conclusion: The etonogestrel subdermal implant is a precise indication to prevent unplanned pregnancy among female drug users, because it reduces the risk of gestational and neonatal morbidity, promoting also a reduction in social damage.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Adult , Pregnancy, Unplanned , Contraceptive Agents , Drug Implants , Illicit Drugs , Crack Cocaine
10.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 24(3): 65-69, jul-set 2014. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-782258

ABSTRACT

A finalidade do estudo foi avaliar o tempo para início de tratamento, idade, estadiamento cirúrgico e a positividade dos biomarcadores (ER, PR e HER-2) em 3.566 pacientes com carcinoma de mama atendidas pelo SUS no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014, no Hospital Pérola Byington (SP). O tempo mediano para o início da terapêutica foi de 32 dias. A idade das pacientes variou de 12 a 98 anos, sendo 49 pacientes (1,4%) com menos de 30 anos, 396 (11,1%) entre 30 e 39 anos, 1.002 (28,1%) entre 40 e 49 anos, 1.737 (48,7%) entre 50 e 69 anos e 382 (10,7%) acima de 70 anos. Quanto ao estadiamento, 8,1% dos tumores tratados foram ?in situ?, 17,2% encontravam-se no Estádio I, 43,1% no II, 28,6% no III e apenas 3% no Estádio IV. A positividade dos receptores de estrogênio e/ou progesterona foi de 72,9% e a de HER-2 de 17,4 %. Os tumores luminais A e B representaram, respectivamente, 23 e 46%; e os triplo-negativos, 17,5% dos casos. Os dados mostram um expressivo número de pacientes com tumores in situ e predomínio de pacientes nos Estádio I e II.


The purpose of the study was the time to start treatment, age, surgical staging and the positivity of biomarkers (ER, PR and HER-2) in 3,566 patients with breast carcinoma served by SUS from January 2012 to December 2014 in Perola Byington Hospital (SP), Brazil. The median time to initiation of therapy was 32 days. The age of patients ranged from 12 to 98 years with 49 patients (1.4%) with less than 30 years, 396 (11.1%) between 30 and 39 years, 1,002 (28.1%) between 40 and 49 years, 1,737 (48.7%) between 50 and 69 years and 382 (10.7%) over 70 years. As to staging, 8.1% of the tumors were treated ?in situ?, 17.2% were in stage I, 43.1% in II, III and 28.6% in only 3% in Stage IV. The positivity of the estrogen receptor and/or progesterone was 72.9% and the HER-2 17.4%. Tumors luminal A and B represented by 23 and 46% and triple-negative, 17.5% of cases. The data show a significant number of patients with tumors in situ and prevalence of patients in Stage I and II.

11.
Femina ; 42(2): 77-82, mar-abr. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749120

ABSTRACT

Exenteração pélvica é o tratamento cirúrgico radical para diferentes neoplasias pélvicas malignas. Consiste na retirada de todos os órgãos comprometidos pelo câncer, incluindo margens livres de doença. Recidivas ou persistências de tumor maligno na pelve após tratamento radioquimioterápico são a principal indicação, mas pode também ser o tratamento primário do câncer ginecológico localmente avançado. O procedimento apresenta mortalidade perioperatória de 5 a 10% e morbidade média de 50%. As complicações mais relatadas são fístulas intestinais e urinárias, infecções de sítio cirúrgico e fenômenos tromboembólicos. A sobrevida em 5 anos varia de 30 a 70%, com média de 50% nas maiores séries. Os critérios prognósticos mais importantes são, além da ressecção total ?R0? do tumor com margens cirúrgicas livres, a presença de metástases linfonodais, sobretudo extrapélvicas, e o comprometimento de parede pélvica lateral. Idade e índice de massa corpórea não devem ser considerados como fatores de risco isolados. A exenteração pélvica com intuito paliativo, apesar de indicação ainda discutível, pode ser considerada para alívio da sintomatologia local e consequente melhora na qualidade de vida. Portanto, quando realizada em pacientes cuidadosamente selecionadas, em instituições oncológicas com suporte multidisciplinar, pode oferecer controle da neoplasia pélvica em longo prazo.(AU)


Pelvic exenteration is a radical surgical treatment indicated as the treatment various malignant pelvic neoplasms. It consists of the removal of all organs affected by cancer, including diseasefree margins. treatment are the main indications, but it can also be the primary treatment of locally advanced gynecologic cancer. The procedure presents perioperative mortality of 5 to 10% and an average morbidity of 50%. The most commonly reported complications are intestinal and urinary fistulas, surgical site infections and thromboembolic phenomena. The 5-year survival ranges from 30 to 70%, averaging 50% in the larger series. The most important prognostic criteria are, in addition to the total ?R0? resection of the tumor with free surgical margins, the presence of lymph node metastases, especially extrapelvic, and the affection of the lateral pelvic wall. Age and body mass index should not be considered as isolated risk factors. Pelvic exenteration with palliative intent, although still a debatable indication, may be considered for relief of local symptoms and consequent improvement in quality of life. Therefore, when performed in carefully selected patients in oncological institutions with multidisciplinary support, it can provide the control of pelvic neoplasm in the long term.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pelvic Exenteration , Genital Neoplasms, Female/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Databases, Bibliographic , Surgical Oncology/methods
12.
Reprod. clim ; 28(1): 10-17, 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-716734

ABSTRACT

lntroduction: The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), although uncommon, is an important complieation of assisted reproduction because of its morbidity and possible lethal outcome. Objective: To verify the incidence of OHSS in publie service of assisted reproduction and review the literature. Method: A deseriptive retrospective study of patients enrolled in the Assisted Reproduetion Laboratory of Hospital Pérola Byington who had 15 or more oocytes retrieved during controlled ovarian stimulation cycle, period 2010-2012. A literature search was condueted in the databases Medline, Scopus and SciELO including articles indexed between 2010 and 2013. Results: OHSS was observed in 17 eyeles (1.9%) of 857 performed. The mean age was 33.2 years, with a mean of 21.6 oocytes retrieved and 11.5 mature ooeytes. Hospitalization and ascites puncture was required in five cases. There was no fatal outcome. The literature suggests that methods used to prediet the ovarian response help to prevent OHSS, as antralfollicle count, serum estradiol and anti-mullerian hormone. Evidence indicates that stimulation with GnRH antagonist and triggering with GnRH agonist, with ar without vitrification of embryos are safe strategies for patients with high risk for OHSS.


Introdução: A síndrome de hiperestímulo OVariano (SHO), apesar de pouco frequente, é complicação importante na reprodução assistida devido sua morbidade e possibilidade de desfecho letal. Objetivo: Verificar a incidência da SHO em serviço público de reprodução assistida e revisara literatura. Método: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo com prontuários de pacientes matriculadas no Laboratório de Reprodução Assistida do Hospital Pérola Byington de 2010 a 2012, que apresentaram 15 ou mais oócitos aspirados durante ciclo de estimulação ovariana controlada. Consulta nas bases de dados do Medline, Scopus e Scielo incluindo artigos indexados entre2010 e 2013.Resultados: SHO foi verifica da em 17 ciclos (1,9%) dos 857 realizados. A média etáría foi de 33,2anos, com média de 21,6 oócitos aspirados e 11,5 oócitos maduros. Intemação foi necessária em cinco casos. Não houve desfecho fatal. A literatura aponta que métodos empregados para prever a resposta ovariana auxiliam na prevenção da SHO, como contagem de folícu-105 antrais, dosagem de estradiol e hormônio anti-mulleriano. Evidências indicam que a estimulação com antagonista do GnRH e desencadeamento da ovulação com agonista do GnRH, com ou sem vitrificação de embriões, como estratégias seguras para pacientes com alto risco para SHO.Conclusão: A incidência da SHO mostrou-se dentro da variação da literatura. Embora nenhuma das abordagens de prevenção da SHO seja totalmente eficaz, a maioria demonstra diminuição da incidência em pacientes de alto risco.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fertilization in Vitro/methods , Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
13.
Reprod. clim ; 28(2): 86-88, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-716840

ABSTRACT

Os autores apresentam os protocolos de estimulação ovariana usados no Centro de Referência da Saúde da Mulher para captação e vitrificação de oócitos em pacientes com câncer de mama que desejam preservar a fertilidade antes de se submeter a quimioterapia.


The authors present the ovarian stimulation protocols employed at the Women's Health Reference Center in order to retrieve oocytes for vitrification in breast cancer patients wishing fertility preservation prior to chemotherapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms , Fertility , Ovulation Induction/methods
14.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 36(2): 346-350, abr,- jun. 2012. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-757713

ABSTRACT

A violência sexual é classificada como grave violação de direitos humanos e importante problema de saúde pública,representando a extrema restrição da autonomia sexual e reprodutiva da mulher. Trata-se de um fenômeno universal de rápido crescimento e elevada prevalência na população. Embora possa comprometer pessoas de ambos os sexos e em todas as idades, as evidências apontam que a violência sexual declina contundentemente sobre as mulheres, particularmente as mais jovens e vulneráveis. O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever a experiência de um serviço de referência para atendimento de pessoas em situação de violência, com ênfase na organização das ações e papel dos profissionais de psicologia na atenção interdisciplinar.


Sexual violence is taken to be a serious violation of human rights and an important problem of public health, representing the extreme restriction of sexual and reproductive autonomy of women. It is a universal increasing phenomenon and a high prevalence in the population. Though it could compromise persons of both sexes and all ages, evidences point that sexual violence affects preponderantly women, particularly the youngest and vulnerable. The objective of this article isto describe the experience of a service of reference for caring people in situations of violence, with an emphasis in the organization of actions and the role of professionals of psychology in interdisciplinary care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Child , Psychology, Clinical , Sex Offenses
15.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 21(1): 3-8, jan.-mar. 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-655554

ABSTRACT

Apesar de apresentarem receptores estrogênicos nas células tumorais, algumas pacientes com câncer de mama não se beneficiam do tratamento com tamoxifeno, medicamento conhecido por interferir no ciclo celular e promover apoptose. Sabendo-se que as proteínas BCL-2 e BAx estão diretamente relacionadas a este processo, é importante compreender quais os caminhos que levam à morte celular que sofrem interferência do tamoxifeno. Amostras pareadas de câncer de mama foram obtidas antes e após tratamento de pacientes previamente, assim randomizadas: grupo controle e grupo de tratamento com tamoxifeno. O grupo de tratamento recebeu tamoxifeno (20 mg/dia) por 14 dias. A identificação imunoistoquímica da expressão de BAX e BCL-2 foi analizada de forma semiquantitativa, considerando o número de células coradas e a intensidade da coloração. Os escores de cada reação foram comparados pré e pós-tratamento, e também em relação ao grupo controle. Das 25 pacientes estudadas, considerando nenhuma exposição ao medicamento, foram encontradas 36 (9/25) e 72% (18/25) de casos positivos para BCL-2 e Bax, respectivamente. Este estudo não encontrou mudanças significativas sobre a expressão das proteínas BCL-2 e BAX, após 14 dias de tratamento com tamoxifeno (p>0,05), comparado ao grupo controle. A expressão das proteínas BCL-2 e BAX também não sofreu mudanças significativas após 14 dias de exposição ao tamoxifeno. Este é um dos poucos trabalhos prospectivos randomizados de estudo in vivo dos efeitos do tamoxifeno na apoptose.


Despite the presence of estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells, some patients do not show benefits on their treatmentwith tamoxifen, which is a medication that interferes on cell cycle promoting apoptosis. Since BCL-2 and BAX proteins are directly linked to this process, it is important to understand which pathways for cell death are related to and interfered by tamoxifen. Paired samples of breast cancer tumors, which were previously obtained before and after tamoxifen therapy were randomly divided in the Control and Treated Patients Groups. The Treated Group received tamoxifen for 14 days (20 mg/day). The immunohistochemical identification of BAX and BCL-2 expression was analyzed in a semi-quantitative scale consideraing the number of positive cells and intensity of staining. The scores of each reaction were compared pre and post-treatment and to the Control Group. Over the 25 patients studied, considering no exposure to the drug, there were 36 (9/25) and 72% (18/25) of positive cases for BCL-2 and BAX, respectively. This study showed no significant changes over BCL-2 and BAX proteins expressions after 14 days of tretament with tamoxifen (p>0,05) compared to the control patients. Expression of BCL-2 and BAX proteins did not suffer statistically significant changes after a 14-day exposure to tamoxifen. This is one of a few prospective randomized double-blind studies about in vivo effects of tamoxifen in apoptosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Immunohistochemistry , Apoptosis , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , /biosynthesis , /biosynthesis , /analysis , /analysis , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
16.
Reprod. clim ; 26(3): 85-91, 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-654626

ABSTRACT

Conhecer os motivos das mulheres para realizar o abortamento por gravidez decorrente de violência sexual e eventuais efeitos em seus relacionamentos cotidianos. Estudo descritivo com 43 mulheres entre 19–44 anos que realizaram abortamento legal entre janeiro de 2000 e junho de 2007, utilizando questionário estruturado, perguntas abertas não estimuladas. Analisou-se: autor da violência, intimidação; pessoa consultadana decisão; motivo para o abortamento, e repercussão nos relacionamentos pessoais. Predominou a violência sexual praticada por desconhecido (65,1%) com ameaça (46,5%), e a decisão do abortamento foi tomada sem apoio por 41,9% das mulheres. O repúdio pela gravidez foi encontrado em 88,4%; vínculo com a violência em 86,0%; violação do direito da maternidade em 76,7%; temor de dano social (44,2%) ou psicológico (18,6%) para afutura criança. Não houve arrependimento. A maioria das mulheres não experimentou alterações nos relacionamentos cotidianos, exceto transtorno para sexualidade em 65,8%. Escolher o abortamento apresentou estreito vínculo com a violência sexual e com a expectativa de dano para a futura criança. O abortamento não interferiu negativamente nas relações pessoais e o impacto para a sexualidade se associou com a violência sexual.


Identify the reasons for women to perform the abortion for pregnancy resulting from sexual assault and potential effects on their everyday relationships. Descriptive study of 43 women aged 19–44 years who underwent legal abortions between January 2000 and June 2007 using a structured questionnaire, open questions not stimulated. Analyzed: the author of violence, intimidation; person consulted in the decision, cause for abortion, and impact on personal relationships. The predominant sexual violence was by strangers (65.1%) with intimidation (46.5%), and the decision to abort was made without support for 41.9% of women. The rejection of the pregnancy was found in 88.4%; link to violence in 86.0%; violation of motherhood in 76.7%, fear of social harm (44.2%) or psychological (18.6%) for the future child. There was no repentance. Most women did not experience changes in everyday relationships, except for sexual disorders in 65.8%. Choose abortion had close connection with the sexual assault and the expectation of harm to the future child. The abortion had no negative effect on personal relationships and the impact on sexuality is linked with sexual assault.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Abortion, Legal , Mental Health , Sex Offenses
17.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 20(4): 199-204, out.- dez. 2010. graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-617874

ABSTRACT

Após analisar 39.589 mulheres atendidas de julho de 2005 a maio de 2010 no Centro de Referência da Saúde da Mulher (Hospital Estadual Perola Byington), foi observado que o atendimento resolutivo permitiu concluir o diagnóstico em lesões clínicas em 95,4% das pacientes. Cerca de 34,5% das pacientes encaminhadas não tinham nenhuma patologia mamária; destas, mais de 68% tinham realizado exames por imagem solicitados pelo ginecologista. Apenas 7,1% das pacientes encaminhadas apresentavam carcinoma. A porcentagem de pacientes no estádio I aumentou de 12,7 para 23,4%. Igualmente no estádio II, houve aumento de 40,3 para 54,1% das pacientes diagnosticadas. Ao contrário, houve redução no número de tumores avançados (estádio III) de 40,2 para 15,2%. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que, no momento do diagnóstico, os tumores nos estádios I e II representaram 77,5% dos casos. Esses resultados mostram de forma clara que a falta de acesso e resolutividade são as mais importantes causas de progressão da doença, pois certamente em três ou seis meses grande parte das neoplasias das pacientes diagnosticadas e tratadas nos Estádio I e II progrediria. A rápida redução no número de casos avançados permite estimar redução de mortalidade de 19,8% pela doença. O modelo de atendimento mostra uma excelente estratégia de custo efetividade voltado para instituições com grande demanda das grandes cidades brasileiras, que tratam mais de 80% dos casos de câncer de mama, permitindo uma rápida redução da taxa de mortalidade.


After examining 39,589 women attended from July, 2005 to May, 2010 in the Reference Center for Women’s Health (Pérola Byington State Hospital), we concluded the diagnosis in one step consultation in 95.4% of patients. About 34.5% of referred patients had no breast pathology; of these, over 68% had undergone imaging studies requested by the gynecologist. We observed that only 7.1% of referred patients had carcinoma. The percentage of patients in stage I increased from 12.7 to 23.4%. Also, in stage II there was an increase from 40.3 to 54.1 % of those diagnosed. Instead, there was reduction in the number of advanced tumors (stage III) from 40.2 to 15.2%. The results showed that at diagnosis, the tumors in stages I and II accounted for 77.5% of the cases. These results clearly show that the lack of access and biopsy to confirm the diagnosis are the most important causes of disease progression, because certainly in three or six months, most tumors of patients diagnose and treated in Stages I and II would progress. The rapid reduction in the number of cases that we have developed allows us to estimate a mortality reduction of 19.8% by the disease. The service model shows an excellent cost effective strategy aimed at institutions with high demands from Large Brazilian cities, treating more than 80% of cases of breast cancer, allowing a rapid reduction of mortality rate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Neoplasm Staging/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/standards , Cost-Effectiveness Analysis , Mortality , Early Detection of Cancer , Treatment Outcome
18.
Femina ; 38(11): 593-597, nov. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-575019

ABSTRACT

O rastreamento mamográfico aumentou o número de pacientes em estádios iniciais do câncer de mama, que propiciaram a realização de estudos randomizados sobre cirurgia conservadora. Esses estudos demonstraram que a cirurgia conservadora associada à radioterapia, indicada em tumores com até 3 cm de diâmetro, não modifica a sobrevida após 25 anos de seguimento, apesar de acarretar um aumento significativo de recidiva local.


Screening mammography has increased the number of patients in early stages of breast cancer, which led to randomized studies on conservative surgery. These studies demonstrate that conservative surgery combined with radiotherapy, indicated in tumors with up to 3 cm, does not after survival after 25 years of follow-up, despite a significant increase of local recurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Breast Self-Examination , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods , Mammography , Mastectomy, Segmental , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy , Survival Analysis , Prognosis
19.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 20(3): 122-125, jul.-set. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608868

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Diversos estudos epidemiológicos observaram que mulheres obesas na pós-menopausa apresentam aumento de risco e mortalidade do câncer de mama. Apesar de não haver consenso, alguns estudos demonstraram maior grau de comprometimento dos linfonodos axilares nessas pacientes, o que pode contribuir para o pior prognóstico da doença nesse grupo. Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre as medidas antropométricas e o grau de comprometimento linfonodal axilar em pacientes pós-menopausadas com câncer de mama hormônio-responsivo. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo analítico com 57 mulheres com carcinoma ductal invasivo no estágio II, na pós-menopausa, com receptores hormonais positivos (receptor estrogênico e/ou receptor de progesterona - RE/RP), tratadas nos hospitais São Paulo e Pérola Byington. Logo após o diagnóstico foram realizadas as medidas antropométricas (IMC, CA, CQ e RCQ) das pacientes e, após o tratamento cirúrgico e avaliação histopatológica dos linfonodos axilares, realizou-se o estudo estatístico. Resultados: Observou-se associação significativa entre o número de linfonodos acometidos e o sobrepeso (IMC> 25 kg/m2) (p = 0,0329). Cerca de 64% das pacientes com mais de três linfonodos acometidos apresentaram IMC> 25 kg/m2. Entretanto, não houve diferença estatística entre as medidas antropométricas e a positividade dos linfonodos axilares de forma global. Conclusão: O número de linfonodos axilares comprometidos foi maior em pacientes com índice de massa corpórea entre 25 e 30 kg/m2.


Introduction: Several epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk and mortality in breast cancer of obese postmenopausal women. The higher number of lymph node metastases in these patients could contribute to poor prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the anthropometric measurements and lymph node metastases in postmenopausal women with breast cancer expressing hormone receptors (ER/PgR). Methods: Prospective study with 57 women with invasive ductal carcinoma, stage II and estrogen receptor and/or progesterone receptor (ER/PgR) positivity treated in São Paulo and Pérola Byington Hospital. Anthropometric datawere obtained after the diagnoses, and statistical analysis was done after surgery treatment and definitive pathology results of axillary lymph nodes dissection. Results: There was a significant association (p = 0.0329) between the number of axillary lymph node metastases and overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2). Almost 64% of patients with more than three lymph node metastases had more than 25 kg/m2. However, there were no statistical significance between the correlation of anthropometric measurements and the global number of axillary lymph node metastases. Conclusion: The number of axillary lymph node metastases was higher in patients with body mass index between 25 and 30 kg/m2.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Abdominal Circumference , Lymph Nodes/injuries , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Anthropometry , Lymph Nodes/metabolism , Obesity , Postmenopause
20.
Femina ; 38(9)set. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570111
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