ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Anxiety disorder [AD] is one of the most common children disorders.In last two decades, several studies conducted to determine the mechanisms of child anxiety disorder specifically in base of neural mechanisms. However, studies about the electrophysiology of child anxiety disorder particularly in the quantitative electroencephalography [QEEG] are less than imaging studies. This study was performed to compare the quantitative EEG between children with anxiety disorder and normal subjects
Methods: This case- control study was done on 30 children with anxiety disorder and 30 normal healthy children with 6-7 years old. Electroencephalography was recorded for each subject. Power of 19 channel and 5 frequency bands delta, theta, alpha, beta and high beta [25-30 Hz] in the frontal, central and occipital area were recorded, respectively
Results: There was significant difference in delta absolute power in frontal lobe, theta and beta2 absolute power in central and high beta wave in occipital area between AD and normal children [P<0.05]. In other words, the delta absolute power in frontal lobe and theta and beta2 absolute power in central area of brain was less in AD children in compared to normals. Also, the high beta absolute power in occipital lobe was more in AD children in compared to normals
Conclusion: Recorded QEEG in relax time is a proper index of brain cortex metabolic activity. Therefore, low metabolic activity in particular parts of brain is determined by increasing slow waves power [delta and theta] or decreasing fast waves power [alpha and beta]
ABSTRACT
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate effectiveness of mindfulness exercises on the executive functions of elementary school students
Methods: To this end, 32 female students of second and third grade were selected by cluster sampling method with regard to inclusion criteria [having average IQ, being right-handed] and exclusion criteria [having physical and mental illness, or psychological and psychiatric interventions] and randomly assigned in experimental [mean +/- SD age; 97.12 +/- 3.48 mo] and control groups [mean +/- SD age; 96.18 +/- 3.33 mo]. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of mindfulness exercise [each session, 1 h], but control group received no intervention. Before and after intervention, all participants took working memory test, continuous performance test, and Wisconsin card sorting test. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by ANCOVA with SPSS 21 software
Results: Our findings showed that mindfulness had significant effect on forward and backward memory as well as total score of memory [P<0.01]. Also, findings showed that mindfulness improved perseveration dimension of cognitive flexibility [P<0.05]. Finally, mindfulness could somewhat improve response time of attention [P<0.01]
Conclusion: These findings are consistent with previous research in which the effectiveness of mindfulness on executive functions was approved, though in some dimensions of our variables, the effects were not significant which might be due to the limited sessions of training
ABSTRACT
Objective: Although emotions help us respond compatibly to the problems and opportunities we encounter in life, their deviation can lay the foundation for emotional disorders. Perfectionism is a person's wish to meet ones as well as others' expectations, albeit with better quality than what the situation allows. According to research literature it seems that dimensions of perfectionism can predict the severity of emotional disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of emotional disorders
Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross sectional, and correlation research. To achieve the research objectives, two questionnaires of inventory of depression and anxiety symptoms [IDAS], and perfectionism inventory were administered to a sample of 385 students studying at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
Results: The results demonstrated that there is a strong correlation between perfectionism and severity of the emotional disorder symptoms. Furthermore, the independent variables such as the component of perfectionism can optimally predict the emotional disorders severity [sig=0.001]
Conclusion: Considering the role of perfectionism in the prediction, etiology, and treatment of emotional disorders, in order to enhance the mental health of the society, it is essential to take a practical approach towards such studies