Correction of the pathogenic mutation in the G6PC3 gene by adenine base editing in mutant embryos / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To determine whether the adenine base editor (ABE7.10) can be used to fix harmful mutations in the human G6PC3 gene. Methods: To investigate the safety of base-edited embryos, off-target analysis by deep sequencing was used to examine the feasibility and editing efficiency of various sgRNA expression vectors. The human HEK293T mutation models and human embryos were also used to test the feasibility and editing efficiency of correction. Results: ①The G6PC3(C295T) mutant cell model was successfully created. ②In the G6PC3(C295T) mutant cell model, three distinct Re-sgRNAs were created and corrected, with base correction efficiency ranging from 8.79% to 19.56% . ③ ABE7.10 could successfully fix mutant bases in the human pathogenic embryo test; however, base editing events had also happened in other locations. ④ With the exception of one noncoding site, which had a high safety rate, deep sequencing analysis revealed that the detection of 32 probable off-target sites was <0.5% . Conclusion: This study proposes a new base correction strategy based on human pathogenic embryos; however, it also produces a certain nontarget site editing, which needs to be further analyzed on the PAM site or editor window.

Efficacy and mechanism of scalp acupuncture for spastic cerebral palsy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of scalp acupuncture for spastic cerebral palsy (CP), and to explore its possible mechanism based on brain white matter fiber bundles, nerve growth related proteins and inflammatory cytokines.@*METHODS@#A total of 90 children with spastic CP were randomly divided into a scalp acupuncture group and a sham scalp acupuncture group, 45 cases in each group. The children in the two groups were treated with conventional comprehensive rehabilitation treatment. The children in the scalp acupuncture group were treated with scalp acupuncture at the parietal temporal anterior oblique line, parietal temporal posterior oblique line on the affected side, and parietal midline. The children in the sham scalp acupuncture group were treated with scalp acupuncture at 1 cun next to the above point lines. The needles were kept for 30 min, once a day, 5 days a week, for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indexes of magnetic resonance (FA values of corticospinal tract [CST], anterior limb of internal capsule [ICAL], posterior limb of internal capsule [ICPL], genu of internal capsule [ICGL], genu of corpus callosum [GCC], body of corpus callosum [BCC] and splenium of corpus callosum [SCC]), serum levels of nerve growth related proteins (neuron-specific enolase [NSE], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], myelin basic protein [MBP], ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydrolase-L1 [UCH-L1]) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 33 [IL-33], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α]), cerebral hemodynamic indexes (mean blood flow velocity [Vm], systolic peak flow velocity [Vs] and resistance index [RI], pulsatility index [PI] of cerebral artery), surface electromyography (SEMG) signal indexes (root mean square [RMS] values of rectus femoris, hamstring muscles, gastrocnemius muscles, tibialis anterior muscles), gross motor function measure-88 (GMFM-88) score, modified Ashworth scale (MAS) score, ability of daily living (ADL) score were observed in the two groups. The clinical effect of the two groups was compared.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the FA value of each fiber bundle, Vm, Vs, GMFM-88 scores and ADL scores in the two groups were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the above indexes in the scalp acupuncture group were higher than those in the sham scalp acupuncture group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of NSE, GFAP, MBP, UCH-L1, IL-33, TNF-α as well as RI, PI, MAS scores and RMS values of each muscle were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the above indexes in the scalp acupuncture group were lower than those in the sham scalp acupuncture group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 95.6% (43/45) in the scalp acupuncture group, which was higher than 82.2% (37/45) in the sham scalp acupuncture group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Scalp acupuncture could effectively treat spastic CP, improve the cerebral hemodynamics and gross motor function, reduce muscle tension and spasticity, and improve the ability of daily life. The mechanism may be related to repairing the white matter fiber bundles and regulating the levels of nerve growth related proteins and inflammatory cytokines.

Value of MRI Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Ovarian-Adnexal Lesions / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo explore the value of MRI ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system （O-RADS MRI） in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian-adnexal masses.MethodsTotally 146 patients （202 masses） with ovarian-adnexal lesions who underwent pelvic examination at 3.0 T MRI according to standardized scan protocol of O-RADS MRI and were pathologically confirmed in The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2020 and February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Two radiologists classified the ovarian-adnexal masses as risk levels 1~5 according to O-RADS MRI and evaluated their consistency by Cohen’s kappa. Using pathological findings as the gold standard， the detection yield of malignant lesions with O-RADS MRI classification was analyzed. Sensitivity， specificity， accuracy， and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated （cutoff for malignancy， score ≥ 4）.ResultsOf 202 masses， 62 （30.7%） were malignant， 140 （69.3%） were benign. The two radiologists presented good agreement in O-RADS MRI classification of ovarian adnexal masses （Kappa=0.932）. The malignancy rates of masses with scores of 1， 2， 3， 4 and 5 were 0%， 0%， 7.7%， 95%， 97.6%， respectively. Sensitivity， specificity， accuracy， and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 96.8% （60/62）， 98.6% （138/140）， 98.0% （198/202）， 0.977.ConclusionsO-RADS MRI yields high diagnostic efficiency for benign and malignant ovarian adnexal masses and its widespread implementation will improve communication between radiologists and clinicians， and facilitate optimal patient management. Therefore， O-RADS MRI warrants widespread use in clinical setting.

Clinical characteristics of 170 cases of macrodactyly / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of 170 cases of macrodactyly.@*METHODS@#Medical records of 170 macrodactyly patients at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between March 2006 and October 2019, including demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, anatomical distributions, X-rays, pathological findings, and treatments, were reviewed. PIK3CA mutation analyses of 12 patients were also reviewed.@*RESULTS@#Disease incidence was similar across sex and geographical regions. Multiple-digit involvement was 3.9 times more frequent than single-digit involvement. In upper deformit: ies, the index finger, middle finger and thumb were mostly involved, and the second and third toes were the most affected on the foot. Two digits were affected more often than three digits, with the affected multiple digits were adjacent most time. The cases of progressive macrodactyly, in which the affected digits grew at a faster rate than the unaffected digits, were found more than static type. Most of progressive macrodactyly were noticed at birth. In terms of nerve involvement, affected fingers mostly occurred in the median nerve innervation area (79.4%) accompanied by median nerve and brunches enlargement and fat infiltration, i.e., nerve territory oriented; affected toes mostly occurred in the medial plantar nerve innervation area (89.1%), marked with overgrowth of adipose tissue with a lesser degree of neural overgrowth, i.e., lipomatous. Only 17 cases had comorbid of syndactyly. The metacarpal bones were involved only in progressive type of macrodactyly. Ten of the 12 cases subjected to PIK3CA mutation analysis were positive. Among all tested specimens, PIK3CA mutation levels ranged from 7% to 27%. In terms of tissue sources in which a mutation was found, adipose tissue had the highest mutation detection rate, followed by nerve and skin. All the DNA samples of blood from the 12 PIK3CA mutation-positive patients were negative.@*CONCLUSION@#Macrodactyly fingers mostly occurred in the median nerve innervation area accompanied by median nerve and brunches enlargement and fat infiltration. The index and middle fingers were mostly involved. Macrodactyly toes mostly occurred in the medial plantar nerve innervation area, marked with overgrowth of adipose tissue with a lesser degree of neural overgrowth. The second and third toes were the most affected on the foot. A high proportion (83%) of isolated macrodactyly patients carry activating PIK3CA mutations. Adipose, nerve, and skin tissues provide the highest PIK3CA mutation detection yield among all types of tissue studied.

Clinical effect and mechanism of / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of @*METHODS@#A total of 60 children with intellectual disability were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the control group, rehabilitation training and routine acupuncture were adopted, 30 min each time, once a day, 6 times a week for 3 months. On the base of the treatment as the control group, @*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the scores of DQ and ADL and the serum levels of DA, NE, 5-HT after treatment were increased (@*CONCLUSION@#On the base of rehabilitation training and routine acupuncture,

Ferroptosis, radiotherapy, and combination therapeutic strategies

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by peroxidative damages of polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-containing phospholipids in cellular membranes, has recently been revealed to play an important role in radiotherapy-induced cell death and tumor suppression, and to mediate the synergy between radiotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize known as well as putative mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between radiotherapy and ferroptosis, discuss the interactions between ferroptosis and other forms of regulated cell death induced by radiotherapy, and explore combination therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis in radiotherapy and immunotherapy. This review will provide important frameworks for future investigations of ferroptosis in cancer therapy.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy features of the thalamus and the cerebellum and their association with clinical features in children with autism spectrum disorder: a prospective study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the changes in biochemical metabolites in the thalamus and the cerebellum and their association with clinical features in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).@*METHODS@#In this prospective study, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with point-resolved spatial selection was used to analyze the thalamus and the cerebellum at both sides in 50 children with ASD aged 2-6 years. Creatine (Cr) was as the internal standard to measure the relative values of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/Cr, choline (Cho)/Cr, myoinositol (MI)/Cr, and glutamine and glutamate complex (Glx)/Cr, and the differences in metabolites and their association with clinical symptoms were compared.@*RESULTS@#In the children with ASD, NAA/Cr in the left thalamus was positively correlated with the scores of hearing-language and hand-eye coordination in the Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese (@*CONCLUSIONS@#There are metabolic disorders in the cerebellum and the thalamus in children with ASD, and there is a correlation between the changes of metabolites in the left cerebellum and the left thalamus. Some metabolic indexes are related to the clinical symptoms of ASD. MRS may reveal the pathological basis of ASD and provide a basis for diagnosis and prognosis assessment of ASD as a noninvasive and quantitative detection method.

Biosynthesis of some organic acids and lipids in industrially important microorganisms is promoted by pyruvate carboxylases

Pyruvate carboxylase (Pyc) catalyzes formation of oxaloacetic acid from pyruvic acid by fixing one mole of CO2. Manyevidences have confirmed that biosynthesis of some different kinds of organic acids and intracellular and extracellular lipidsis driven by Pyc and over-expression of the PYC gene in the industrial microorganisms can promote production of thedifferent kinds of organic acids and intracellular and extracellular lipids. Therefore, the Pyc from different sources isregarded as a key enzyme in microbial biotechnology and is an important target for metabolic engineering of the industrialmicrobial strains. However, very little is known about the native Pycs and their functions and regulation in the industrialmicroorganisms

Advanced natural products chemistry research in China between 2015 and 2017 / 中国天然药物

In this review, we intensively focus on the advances in research of natural products (NPs) discovery carried out by domestic scholars in China from 2015 through 2017. In general, a total of 1811 publications (1479 in English and 332 in Chinese) were accumulated regarding newly isolated NPs from plants, microorganisms, and marine sources. As a result, 277 selected papers concerning naturally occurring compounds with extraordinary frameworks, origins, and promising activities were discussed in this review article, mainly organized according to their structural classes and novelties.

Advanced natural products chemistry research in China between 2015 and 2017 / 中国天然药物

In this review, we intensively focus on the advances in research of natural products (NPs) discovery carried out by domestic scholars in China from 2015 through 2017. In general, a total of 1811 publications (1479 in English and 332 in Chinese) were accumulated regarding newly isolated NPs from plants, microorganisms, and marine sources. As a result, 277 selected papers concerning naturally occurring compounds with extraordinary frameworks, origins, and promising activities were discussed in this review article, mainly organized according to their structural classes and novelties.

The analysis of localization and diagnosing of radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging for stable angina pectoris / 中国医学装备

Objective: To analyze the application value of radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging in the localization and diagnosis for stable angina pectoris in clinical practice. Methods: A total of 70 patients who had been diagnosed with stable angina pectoris (SAP) were enrolled, and all patients underwent ATP-loaded ATP-99Tcm-MIBI (99Tcm-MIBI) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and coronary angiography (CAG) were used to compare the accuracy of MPI imaging in localization and diagnosis for SAP. Results:In the 70 cases of patients with two methods of examination: ①In MPI diagnosis, positive patients were 50 cases, and the positive predictive value of SAP, sensitivity, negative predictive value and specificity were, respectively, 92.0%, 90.2%, 75.0% and 78.9%. There were 45 patients were consistently diagnosed as SAP by the two methods and the total compliance rate was 90.0%. ②in 70 patients, 51 cases were diagnosed as SAP by CAG examination, the positive rate was 72.9%; ③in 50 MPI positive patients, 46 patients were consistent with the results of CAG diagnosis, and the positive rate was 92.0%. The difference between the two methods was statistically significant (x2= 5.72, P<0.05). Conclusion: 99Tcm-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging can be used as a gatekeeper in patients with stable angina pectoris, and has high application value in the location and diagnosis for stable angina pectoris. The diagnosis and treatment links of stable angina pectoris can save costs and provide a reliable evidencet for clinical practice.

Purification and Monosaccharide Composition Analysis of Polysaccharides from Pteridium revolutum and Effects on Macrophage RAW264.7 / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To purify polysaccharides from Pteridium revolutum (Blume.) Nakai and determine their relative molecular weights, monosaccharide compositions and immunomodulating activities. METHODS: Crude polysaccharide was extracted from P. revolutum with hot water and then purified by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephadex G-200 chromatography column after removing proteins by Seveg method. The immunomodulating activities of the polysaccharides were investigated on macrophage cells RAW264.7. RESULTS: Three homogenous polysaccharides, PRP0, PRP1 and PRP2, were obtained from the crude polysaccharide. Their molecular weights were 1.04×106, 8.39×105 and 7.37×105, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis by gas chromatography revealed that all three homogenous polysaccharides were composed of arabinose, fucose, galactose, mannose, glucose, rhamnose, and xylose in different ratios. The crude polysaccharide and three homogenous polysaccharides could promote the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells at the concentration of 12.5-100 μg·mL-1 and significantly induce the production of NO from RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: P. revolutum polysaccharides can improve immunity activity.

Contralateral C7 Nerve Root Transfer for Function Recovery in Adults: A Meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Root avulsion to all 5 roots of the brachial plexus is a common presentation and keeps a major reconstructive challenge. The contralateral C7 (CC7) nerve transfer has been used in treating brachial plexus avulsion injury (BPAI) since 1986. However, the effectiveness of the procedure remains a subject of controversy. The aim of this meta-analysis was to study surgical outcomes regarding motor and sensory recovery after CC7 nerve transfer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chinese or English (i.e., "contralateral c-7", "contralateral c7", "c7 nerve root", and "seventh cervical nerve root") keywords were used for a literature search for articles related to CC7 nerve transfer in several databases (i.e., PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, CQVIP, and Wanfang Data). Clinical research articles were screened, and animal studies as well as duplicate publications were excluded. Muscle strength and sensory recovery were considered to be effective only when the scores on the United Kingdom Medical Research Council scale were equal to or higher than M3 and S3, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall ipsilateral recipient nerve recovery rates were as follows: the efficiency rate for muscle strength recovery after CC7 nerve transfer was 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48-0.66) and for sensory recovery was 0.52 (95% CI: 0.46-0.58). When the recipient nerve was the median nerve, the efficiency rate for muscle strength recovery was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.39-0.61) and for sensory was 0.56 (95% CI: 0.50-0.63). When the recipient nerve was the musculocutaneous nerve and the radial nerve, the efficiency rate for muscle strength recovery was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65-0.82) and 0.50 (95% CI: 0.31-0.70), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Transfer of CC7 nerves to musculocutaneous nerves leads to the best results. CC7 is a reliable donor nerve, which can be safely used for upper limb function reconstruction, especially for entirely BPAI. When modifying procedures, musculocutaneous nerves and median nerve can be combined as recipient nerves.</p>

Diagnostic value of 99TcmO4-quantitative dynamic salivary gland imaging for primary ;Sj?gren’s syndrome / 中国医学装备

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of salivary gland scintigraphy for primary Sj?gren’s syndrome (pSS). Methods:This study took 50 pSS patients and 50 healthy women as the control group. All of them were performed salivary gland scintigraphy. We observed the imaging of salivary gland scintigraphy for two groups, and evaluated their salivary gland function. Results: In 50 patients with pSS, eight patients (16.0%) of bilateral parotid and submandibular glands were functioned well. While the function of bilateral parotid function and/or bilateral submandibular gland were observed reduction in other patients with pSS. The uptaking function decreased obviously in the typical patients with pSS, who are with bilateral parotid and submandibular glands. The uptake of 99TcmO4-was decreased in salivary glands, and the uptake of the oral cavity was lessened. After taken vitamin C tablets, there was no obvious concentration of 99TcmO4-. The time-radioactive type curve has continued to rise. The UR, S/T, SR and V of pSS patients were significantly lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion: Salivary gland scintigraphy is a non-invasive diagnosis with high-value for primary Sj?gren’s syndrome patients.

Association between single nucleotide polymorphism of 309 T/G in murine doubleminute 2 gene and the susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancer: A Meta-analysis / 肿瘤

Objective: To evaluate the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of 309 T/G in the promoter of murine doubleminute 2 (MDM2) gene and the susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A computer-based online search was performed by using Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBase, China National Knowledge Infrasrtucture (CNKI), Wanfang database and VIP database. The case-control studies were selected according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After quality evaluation and data abstraction, a meta-analysis was performed by using STATA 12.0 software. The odds ratio (OR) of the association between MDM2 SNP 309T/G and NSCLC susceptibility was calculated. Then the subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias test were performed. Results: A total of 8 case-control studies were eligible for this analysis, including 5 343 NSCLC patients and 6 652 healthy controls. Meta-analysis showed that MDM2 SNP 309GG could significantly increase the risk of NSCLC [TT vs GG, OR = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CD = 0.62-0.96; GT vs GG, OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.75-0.92; TT+GT vs GG, OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.75-0.91]. In the subgroup analysis of ethnicity, MDM2 SNP 309GG could significantly increase the risk of NSCLC for Asian people [TT vs GG, OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.52-0.73; GT vs GG, OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.67-0.90; TT vs GG+GT, OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.59-0.86; TT+GT vs GG, OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.63-0.84]. In the subgroup analysis of gender, MDM2 SNP 309GG could significantly increase the risk of NSCLC for female population [TT vs GG, OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.54-0.91; GT vs GG, OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.54-0.90; TT+GT vs GG, OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.55-0.89]. Conclusion: MDM2 SNP 309GG may be a potential biomarker for NSCLC risk, particularly for Asian people and women. Copyright© 2014 by Tumor.

Association between 894G>T polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) gene and genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer: A Meta-analysis / 肿瘤

Objective: To evaluate the association between the 894G>T polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) gene and the susceptibility to prostate cancer. Methods: A computer-based online search was performed by using Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBase, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrasrtucture), Wanfang database and VIP database. The case-control studies were selected according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After quality evaluation and data abstraction, a Meta-analysis was performed by using STATA 12.0 software. Odds ratio (OR) of the association between NOS3 894G>T and prostate cancer susceptibility was pooled. Then the subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias test were performed. Results: A total of 5 case-control studies were eligible for this analysis, including 3 078 cases and 3 677 healthy controls. Meta-analysis showed that NOS3 894G>T polymorphism didn't increase the risk of prostate cancer [TT vs GG, OR = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80-1.14; TT vs GT, OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.73-1.05; TT+GT vs GG, OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.97-1.18; TT vs GG+GT, OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.77-1.09]. In the subgroup analysis of ethnicity, NOS3 894G>T polymorphism didn't increase the risk of prostate cancer in Europeans (TT vs GG, OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.73-1.04; TT vs GT, OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.71-1.02; TT+GT vs GG, OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.90-1.11; TT vs GG+GT, OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.72-1.02). Conclusion: NOS3 894G>T polymorphism is not associated with the prostate cancer susceptibility as well as in Europeans. Copyright © 2014 by TUMOR.

Caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides from Callicarpa kwangtungensis / 中国中药杂志

Phytochemical investigation on the EtOH extract from the aerial part of Callicarpa kwangtungensis led to the isolation and characterization of 10 caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides, 2'-acetylacteoside (1), tubuloside E (2), acteoside (3), tubuloside B (4), isoacteoside (5), alyssonoside (6), 2'-acetylforsythoside B (7), brandioside (8), forsythoside B (9), and poliumoside (10). Compound 4 was isolated from the plants of Verbenaceae,and 6 was obtained from the Callicarpa genus, for the first time, while compounds 1, 2, 5 and 7 were firstly reported from the plant.

Curative effect of ultrasonic location botulinum toxin A injection for lower limbs spasticity in children with cerebral palsy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of ultrasonic location botulinum toxin A (BTX-A)injection for lower limbs spasticity in children with cerebral palsy.Methods Seventy-five children with lower limbs spasticity resulting from cerebral palsy were divided into injection group(n =37) and control group(n =38).Ultrasonography was used to located the injection of BTX-A into the spastic muscles of the legs in injection group.Then rehabilitation training was received the day after the injection.For all patients,muscle spasticity and gross motor function measure were evaluated before treatment and in the second week,the first,third and sixth month treatment using the Modified Ashworth Scale(MAS) and the Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM) assessment.Results In the second week,the first,third and the sixth month of treatment,the improvement of muscle spasticity and GMFM in the injection group were significantly better than before(all P ＜ 0.01).And the improvement of muscle spasticity were the greatest in the second week and the first month of the injection.The average therapeutic effect in the injection group was significantly better than that in the control group(P ＜0.05).There was no statistical difference between the evaluation score of the third month and that of the sixth month for injection group.The BTX-A injection had time limit and could be reinject after 6 months.Conclusions The ultrasound located BTX-A injection to treat lower limbs spasticity in cerebral palsy has the advantages of accurate localization,safety,good child patient compliance and more effective than only rehabilitation treatment.

Analysis about risk factors of autism disorder in 278 children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the high risk factors of the etiology of autism disorder.Methods Two hundred and seventy-eight children with autism disorder and 200 healthy children were investigated with self-designed questionnaire to obtain their demographic information,pre-and perinatal information,developmental information in toddler period.All the data were compared between autism group and healthy controls.Results 1.There were significant dif ferences in maternal prenatal data and perinatal data between autism group and healthy controls.Logistic regression analysis found that maternal/paternal reproductive age,family burden,caregiver,pregnancy reaction,drug administration in prenatal period,mode of delivery,chief instructor entered the regression equation.2.The 6 items in regression equation which had clinical significance consisted of maternal reproductive age above 30 years old [odds ratio (OR) =6.72],family history of mental disorders (OR =5.80),drug administration in prenatal period (OR =4.65),non-natural childbirth (OR =4.15),paternal reproductive age above 30 years old (OR =1.27),moderate or serious pregnancy reaction (OR =1.04).Conclusions The main risk factors of autism disorder in pre-and perinatal period consists of maternal reproductive age above 30 years old,positive family history of mental disorders,drug administration in prenatal period and non-natural childbirth.Avoiding these risk factors might contribute to reduce the incidence of autism.

The protective mechanism study of fengshiqing recipe against bone destruction in CIA rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the protective mechanism of Fengshiqing Recipe (FR) against bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were divided into four groups in the experiment,i.e., the blank control group, the model group, the MTX group (MTX, 1 mg/1 000 g), and the FR group (24 g crude FR/kg). The CIA model was prepared except the blank control group. Medication was started in the MTX group and the FR group from the 14th day after modeling to the 56th day. The toe volume was measured on every Tuesday and Friday. Expression levels of serum IL-17, RANKL, MIP-1alpha were detected after 3-and 6-week intervention. The bone scintigraphy with nuclide (SPECT), bone mineral density (BMD), and the pathological section were observed to assess the intervention of drugs of heat clearing blood activating actions in the bone destruction of CIA rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the 10th day of modeling, the volume of both toes started to swell and reached the peak at about 21 days. It was obviously shrunk at about 30 days. Of them, the swelling degree was milder in the MTX group and the FR group than in the model group. Compared with the model group at the same phase, the levels of IL-17 and RANKL decreased in the MTX group after 3 weeks of intervention (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The IL-17 level decreased in the FR group after three weeks of intervention (P < 0.05). The RANKL level decreased in the MTX group and the FR group after 6 weeks of intervention (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the model group and the MTX group, the overall BMD and ankle BMD increased in the FR group after 6 weeks of intervention (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The ankle ROI/mandible and the toe ROI/mandible were elevated in the FR group after 3 weeks of intervention (P < 0.05). Pathological results suggested that the joint lacunae was significantly widened, the hyperplasia of the synovial tissue was so severe, and the bone tissue was destroyed in the model group. Compared with the model group, the aforesaid conditions were significantly improved in the MTX group and the FR group. The cartilage structure was complete.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QR could inhibit decreased BMD, prevent bone destruction, which might be achieved by down-regulating expression levels of IL-17, RANKL, and MIP-1alpha through the osteo immunological Th/RANKL system,inhibiting maturation and differentiation of osteoclasts, thereby, inhibiting bone destruction.</p>