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Objective:To investigate the expressions of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) and fibronectin 1 (FN1) in pregnancy associated breast cancer (PABC) and their correlations with expression of E-cadherin (E-cad).Methods:The clinicopathological data of 55 PABC patients in Binzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expressions of TIMP1, FN1 and E-cad in cancer tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues (>3 cm from the edge of the tumor foci). The expressions of TIMP1 and FN1 proteins in fresh intraoperative frozen cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of 10 PABC patients were detected by Western blotting. The correlations of TIMP1 and FN1 expressions with clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed by χ2 test, the correlation of TIMP1 and FN1 expressions with E-cad expression was analyzed by Spearman method, and the correlation of TIMP1 and FN1 expressions with survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results:The positive rates of TIMP1 and FN1 in PABC tissues were 72.7% (40/55) and 58.2% (32/55), and 25.5% (14/55) and 18.2% (10/55) in paracancerous tissues, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 24.59 and 18.64, both P < 0.001). The results of Western blotting showed that the relative expressions of TIMP1 and FN1 proteins in the fresh cancer tissues of 10 PABC patients was higher than those in the corresponding paracancerous tissues (1.60±0.76 vs. 0.62±0.29, 1.31±0.62 vs. 0.44±0.15), and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 5.92 and 4.86, both P < 0.001). The expressions of TIMP1 and FN1 in PABC tissues were correlated with estrogen receptor expression, Ki-67 positivity index, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). The expressions of TIMP1 and FN1 were negatively correlated with expression of E-cad in PABC ( r values were -0.471 and -0.432, both P < 0.001). Five cases were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 50 cases had a median follow-up time of 43 months (12-90 months). Among the 50 cases, 36 cases were TMP1-positive and 29 cases were FN1-positive. The overall survival of TIMP1-negative group and FN1-negative group were better than those of the corresponding positive group ( χ2 values were 4.49 and 6.06, both P < 0.05); the median overall survival time of TIMP1-positive group and FN1-positive group were 51 months (95% CI 37-65 months) and 43 months (95% CI 32-53 months), while that of TIMP1-negative group and FN1-negative group were 89 months (95% CI 84-93 months) and 87 months (95% CI 85-92 months). Conclusions:TIMP1 and FN1 expressions are elevated in PABC tissues and negatively correlated with E-cad expression, TIMP1 and FN1 may be involved in PABC invasion through epithelial-mesenchymal transition and affect the prognosis of patients.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation of centromere protein K (CENPK) expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and its clinical significance.Methods:Immunohisochemical SABC method was used to detect the expressions of CENPK and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, Vimentin and N-cadherin) in 69 specimens of TNBC and cancer-adjacent tissues collected from patients in Binzhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2015 to December 2018. The correlations of CENPK expression with clinicopathological characteristics of patients and expressions of EMT-related proteins were analyzed.Results:The positive expression rates of CENPK in TNBC and cancer-adjacent tissues were 72.46% (50/69) and 14.49% (10/69), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 47.18, P<0.001). The CENPK expression in TNBC was related to pathological grade, clinical stage and lymphatic metastasis (all P<0.05). The CENPK expression in TNBC was negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression ( r = -0.447, P<0.01), but positively correlated with Vimentin and N-cadherin expressions ( r values were 0.503 and 0.415, both P<0.01). The median overall survival time of CENPK high-expression group was 24 months (95% CI 10-39 months), while that of CENPK low-expression group was 42 months (95% CI 19-50 months). The difference in overall survival between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.36, P = 0.016). Conclusions:CENPK may be involved in the occurrence and development of TNBC through EMT, and the expression of CENPK may be related to the prognosis of patients.
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Objective:To investigate the expressions of glutathione S-transferases M1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferases M2 (GSTM2) in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and their clinical significances.Methods:Gene expression profile of GSE82208 generated from 52 human thyroid samples, including 27 cases of FTC and 25 cases of follicular adenoma (FA) were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The gene matrix data were extracted and analyzed, and then differentially expressed genes (DEG) between FTC and FA were identified by using Limma package. Immunohistochemical SABC method was used to detect the expression levels of GSTM1 and GSTM2 proteins in FTC tissues and FA tissues collected from 56 FTC samples and 56 FA samples in Dandong First Hospital of Liaoning Province from January 2000 to December 2020. The relationship between GSTM1 and GSTM2 was analyzed; the association of expression levels of GSTM1 and GSTM2 with the clinicopathological factors of FTC patients was also analyzed.Results:Based on the GEO database, a total of 40 DEG were identified, including 9 up-regulated DEG (GSTM1, GSTM2, COL6A2, CUX2, CLUH, TSC2, OGDHL, ACADVL, SDHA) and 31 down-regulated DEG in FTC. The immunohistochemistry results of samples resected showed that the positive rates of GSTM1 and GSTM2 proteins in FTC tissues were higher than those in FA tissues [71.4% (40/56) vs. 23.2% (13/56), 80.4% (45/56) vs. 14.3% (8/56)], and differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 26.11 and 49.03, both P < 0.01). The expressions of GSTM1 and GSTM2 in FTC tissues were correlated with clinical staging, invasion degree and distant metastasis (all P < 0.05), but not with gender, age and tumor diameter (all P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between GSTM1 and GSTM2 proteins expressions in FTC ( r = 0.384, P = 0.004). Conclusions:The expression levels of GSTM1 and GSTM2 in FTC are increased. The interaction between GSTM1 and GSTM2 proteins can be involved in the development and progression of FTC.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significances of the expressions of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and their correlations with expression of E-cadherin. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis (SABC) was performed to detect expressions of YAP1 and CTHRC1 in 73 specimens of TNBC and adjacent cancer tissues collected from patients in Dandong First Hospital from January 2006 to December 2017. The correlations between the expressions of YAP1 and CTHRC1 and clinicopathologic features and E-cadherin expression were analyzed. Results The expression rates of YAP1 and CTHRC1 in TNBC were 71.23％(52/73) and 79.45％(58/73), and 13.70％(10/73) and 27.40％(20/73) in adjacent cancer tissues, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 values were 49.452 and 39.748, both P< 0.01). The expressions of YAP1 and CTHRC1 were related to tumor grade, clinical stage and lymphatic metastasis (YAP1:χ2 values were 10.244, 8.754, and 6.914, all P<0.05;CTHRC1:χ2 values were 12.582, 13.172, and 6.400, all P< 0.05), but they were not related to patient's age, tumor diameter and menopausal status (all P>0.05). The expressions of YAP1 and CTHRC1 were negatively correlated with expression of E-cadherin in TNBC (r=-0.371, P=0.001;r=-0.323, P=0.005). Conclusion YAP1 and CTHRC1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of TNBC and may participate in the invasion of TNBC through epithelial mesenchymal transition.
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Objective To investigate the expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and their clinical significances. Methods Immunohistochemical SABC method was used to detect the expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in PTC tissues and their paracancerous tissues collected from 79 patients in Dandong First Hospital from January 2014 to June 2018, and the relationships between the expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins and clinicopathological features of PTC patients were analyzed. The expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in 10 pairs of fresh PTC tissues and paracancerous tissues were detected by Western blot. Results The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the positive expression rates of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in PTC tissues were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues [69.6％ (55/79) vs. 25.3％ (20/79), 60.8％ (48/79) vs. 20.2％ (16/79)], and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 values were 31.092 and 26.894, both P < 0.01). The results of Western blot showed that the expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in 10 pairs of fresh PTC tissues was significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues(1.61±0.40 vs. 0.43±0.14, 1.38±0.291 vs. 0.36±0.13), and the differences were statistically significant (t values were 16.234 and 13.493, both P < 0.01). The expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a in PTC tissues were correlated with TNM stage, differentiation, extramembranous invasion and lymph node metastasis (Wnt3a: χ2 values were 6.645, 15.945, 8.783 and 11.220; Wnt5a: χ2 values were 21.525, 7.611, 17.880 and 12.581, all P < 0.05), but not with patients'age, sex and tumor diameter (all P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins expressions in PTC (r = 0.597, P < 0.01).Conclusion The abnormal expressions of Wnt3a and Wnt5a proteins in PTC may be related to the development of PTC.
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Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical effects of rotary cutter in laparoscopic splenectomy in treatment of traumatic spleen rupture.Methods The study retrospectively identified 10 cases with traumatic spleen rupture treated with laparoscopic splenectomy from June 2014 to June 2016.Results Total laparoscopic splenectomy combined with rotary cutter was completed successfully in 9 cases and 1 case was converted to open laparotomy due to intraoperative uncontrollable hemorrhage. The former operative time was 95 ~ 170 min, the estimated intraoperative amount of blood loss was 300 ~ 800 ml and autologous blood transfusion of 400 ~ 1 200 ml was conducted. The postoperative hospital stay was 8 ~ 14 d. No serious complications were found in the cases followed-up for 3 ~ 24 months after operation.Conclusion Laparoscopic splenectomy combined with rotary cutter is not only feasible and safe but also has the merits of minimally invasive surgery. It can be applied in treating those with abdominal trauma and with benign lesions in spleen. So it deserved promotion and application in clinical work.
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Objective To construct a rat fixation device for local infra-red irradiation in rats, observe the binding effect of this fixation device, and assess its practical application.Methods Twelve SD rats were held by this home-made simple device.The holding time was recorded at room temperature (24℃ to 26℃), 38℃ to 39℃ and 42℃ to 43℃ by infrared irradiation, respectively, and the maximum observation point was 60 min.Results Most rats (10/12) were held for more than 30 minutes at room temperature, 38℃ to 39℃ and 42℃ to 43℃ infrared irradiation.While 8 rats reached 60 min.There was no statistically significant difference among the holding times at various temperatures (P > 0.05).Conclusion This self-made device is simple, easy to operate and can be used to hold rats for a long time, and is a convenient and reliable holding device in animal experiments.
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Standard mercury-in-glass thermometer (Grade I) can be used to perform traceable measurements. Full recalibration is necessary to assure the continued validity of the verification results of the standard mercury-in-glass thermometer (Grade I). The present paper shows researches on procedure for the recalibration at the ice point of standard mercury-in-glass thermometer (Grade I), and points out different calculation ways of the true temperature of the thermostatic bath. The different values of scale correction and adjusted scale correction are compared in this paper.
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Glass , Mercury , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Temperature , Thermometers , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the involvement of VEGFR-3 signaling pathway in lymphatic metastasis of thyroid cancer. Methods The expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA in thyroid carcinoma and normal thyroid tissue was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of VEGFR-3 mRNA and the lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in thyroid carcinoma and normal thyroid tissue was measured by immunohistochemical staining. Results All thyroid cancer samples expressed VEGFR-3 and the expression rate of VEGFR-3 in thyroid carcinoma was significantly higher than that in the normal thyroid group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). LVD in thyroid cancer was significantly higher than that in normal control. LVD with lymph nodes metastasis ( N + ) was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (NO) (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions There is upregulatin of VEGFR-3 expression in thyroid carcinoma. The higher the expression of VEGFR-3, the severer of lymph node metastasis. VEGFR-3 receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway might be an important factor of thyroid cancer lymph node metastasis.
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In NH4Cl-NH2CH2NH2-EDTA (pH = 9.0) supporting electrolyte containing cupferron, chromium( Ⅵ) complex with cupferron has a rather sensitive adsorptive wave. The reduction peak potential is -1.45V. The determination limit is 9,6?10-10mol/L. This method has been successfully used to samples of tea, grain and water.