Impacts of instability training on the physical fitness of soccer students / Impactos do treino instável sobre a aptidão física de estudantes de futebol / Impacto del entrenamiento inestable en la aptitud física de estudiantes de fútbol

ABSTRACT Introduction: Most coordination studies are conducted in stable environments, unable to realistically simulate an environment integral to the sports field. The concept of instability training applies the principles of sports physiology, combining real situations from the soccer game to improve students' sporting ability, and has gained attention from coaches, although it still lacks scientific evidence. Objective: Study the concept of instability training by evaluating its optimization and development effects on soccer students' motor coordination. Methods: Fifty college soccer students were selected. The students were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, without relevant statistical differences. The experiment lasted one hour daily, three times a week, for six weeks. The control group remained with the usual training while the experimental group had the instability training protocol added. Balance test results were collected with frontal and posterior lower limb support and comprehensive posterolateral scores. Changes in activity performance were also analyzed with the results collected before and after the intervention. Results: The score of the experimental group without support was increased from 101.14 ± 8.22 to 108.73 ± 8.54, higher than the control group (103.8 ± 58.11). The comprehensive score of the experimental group was from 88.85 ± 6.10 to 99.85+8.87, also higher than the control group (88.15 ± 6.43). Conclusion: The effects of instability training to optimize and develop motor coordination in soccer students proved to be superior to usual training, and its introduction into daily training is indicated for more effective promotion of students' fitness level. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies: investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Grande parte dos estudos de coordenação são feitos em ambientes estáveis, incapazes de simular realisticamente um ambiente integral para o campo esportivo. O conceito de treinamento instável aplica os princípios da fisiologia esportiva, combinando situações reais do jogo de futebol para aprimorar a capacidade esportiva dos estudantes e tem ganhado atenção dos treinadores, embora ainda careça de evidências científicas. Objetivo: Estudar o conceito de treinamento instável avaliando seus efeitos de otimização e desenvolvimento sobre a coordenação motora dos estudantes de futebol. Métodos: Foram selecionados 50 estudantes universitários praticantes de futebol. Os estudantes foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e controle, sem diferenças estatísticas relevantes. O experimento teve duração de uma hora diária, três vezes por semana, durante seis semanas. O grupo controle permaneceu com os treinos habituais enquanto ao grupo experimental foi adicionado o protocolo de treinamento instável. Foram coletados resultados de teste de equilíbrio com apoio frontal e posterior de membros inferiores, além de pontuação abrangente póstero lateral. Alterações no desempenho de atividades também foram analisados com os resultados coletados antes e após a intervenção. Resultados: A pontuação do grupo experimental sem apoio foi ampliada de 101,14 ± 8,22 para 108,73 ± 8,54, superior ao grupo controle (103,8 ± 58,11). A pontuação abrangente do grupo experimental foi de 88,85 ± 6,10 para 99,85+8,87, também superior ao grupo controle (88,15 ± 6,43). Conclusão: Os efeitos do treinamento instável para otimização e desenvolvimento de coordenação motora dos estudantes de futebol mostrou-se superior ao treino habitual, sendo indicada a sua introdução ao treinamento diário para uma promoção mais eficaz do nível de aptidão física dos estudantes. Nível de evidencia II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados de tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Gran parte de los estudios de coordinación se realizan en entornos estables, incapaces de simular de forma realista un entorno propio del campo deportivo. El concepto de entrenamiento inestable aplica los principios de la fisiología deportiva, combinando situaciones reales del juego de fútbol para mejorar la capacidad deportiva de los estudiantes y ha ganado la atención de los entrenadores, aunque todavía carece de evidencia científica. Objetivo: Estudiar el concepto de entrenamiento inestable evaluando sus efectos de optimización y desarrollo en la coordinación motora de los estudiantes de fútbol. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 50 estudiantes universitarios de fútbol. Los estudiantes fueron divididos aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y en grupo control, sin diferencias estadísticas relevantes. El experimento duró una hora diaria, tres veces por semana, durante seis semanas. El grupo de control permaneció con los entrenamientos habituales, mientras que al grupo experimental se le añadió el protocolo de entrenamiento inestable. Se recogieron los resultados de las pruebas de equilibrio con apoyo frontal y posterior de los miembros inferiores, además de la puntuación posterolateral global. También se analizaron los cambios en el rendimiento de la actividad con los resultados recogidos antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: La puntuación del grupo experimental sin apoyo pasó de 101,14 ± 8,22 a 108,73 ± 8,54, superior a la del grupo control (103,8 ± 58,11). La puntuación integral del grupo experimental pasó de 88,85 ± 6,10 a 99,85+8,87, también superior a la del grupo control (88,15 ± 6,43). Conclusión: Los efectos del entrenamiento inestable para optimización y desarrollo de la coordinación motora de los estudiantes de fútbol demostraron ser superiores al entrenamiento habitual, siendo indicada su introducción en el entrenamiento diario para una promoción más eficaz del nivel de aptitud física de los estudiantes. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Study on anti-gastric cancer mechanism of Wisteria sinensis tumor based on network pharmacology, molecular docking technology and experimental verification / 中国药理学通报

To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of Wisteria sinensis tumor in the treatment of gastric cancer, using a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach, with verification of the results by experiments. Methods The main active components and corresponding targets of Wisteria sinensis tumor monocytogenes, as well as the disease targets of gastric cancer, were obtained through the network pharmacology database. The Venny 2.1.0 platform was used to take the intersection of drug and disease. The String database was used to construct target protein interaction(PPI)network for common targets, and Metascape database was used to analyze GO function enrichment KEGG pathway enrichment of related targets. The interactive network of "component-target-pathway" of Wisteria sinensis tumor on gastric cancer was constructed by Cytoscape3.7.2 software. The molecular docking of the key targets and active compunds was carried out by using Autodock Vina software. The effect of Wisteria sinensis tumor on gastric cancer was verified by in vitro cell tests. Results A total of 8 main active components, 290 drug targets and 251 gastric cancer-related targets were screened out. A total of 19 targets intersected between with drug and diseases. Seven pathways were involved in the treatment of gastric cancer by Wisteria sinensis tumor. The results of molecular docking showed that the main active components of Wisteria sinensis tumor had good binding ability with the key targets of gastric cancer. The results of in vitro experiments confirmed that, the formononetin from Wisteria sinensis tumor had certain activity on gastric cancer cells, and the formononetin could also induce apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and increase the level of intracellular calcium ion. Conclusions This study preliminarily reveals the potential components and regulatory network of Wisteria sinensis tumor monocytogenes acting on gastric cancer clarified that Wisteria sinensis tumor monocytogenes has antitumor effect, and may be related to inducing apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and it provides references for the future research and clinical application.

Germacrene-derived sesquiterpene lactones:opportunities and challenges for biosynthesis / 中国中药杂志

Sesquiterpene lactones are a kind of widely distributed natural organic compounds with anti-tumor, anti-malarial and other significant biological activities. Based on their carbocylic skeletons, sesquiterpene lactones are classified into germacranolide, guaia-nolide, xanthanolide, pseudo-guaianolide, elemonolide and eudesmanolide, etc. In recent years, with the development of various omics and synthetic biology technologies, the biosynthetic pathways of sesquiterpene lactone compounds of different structural types have gradually been resolved. Among them, the researches on germacrene-derived sesquiterpene lactones are relatively more than others. Therefore, this article focused on the germacrene-derived sesquiterpene lactone biosynthesis pathways and their key enzyme genes, which can lay the foundation for in-depth analysis of sesquiterpene lactone biosynthetic pathways, functional gene mining and heterologous synthesis of active ingredients.

Review of chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and clinical application of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and prediction of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is a Chinese herbal medicine that promotes blood circulation to remove blood stasis, nourishes blood to tranquilize the mind, and cools blood to disperse carbuncles. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has microcirculation-improving, blood vessel-dilating, atherosclerosis-preventing, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and blood pressure-and blood lipid-lowering activities. As research progresses, the chemical composition, pharmacological effect, and clinical application of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma have attracted much attention. We reviewed the research progress in this field. Based on the concept of quality marker(Q-marker) in traditional Chinese medicine, the Q-markers of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were predicted and analyzed from the aspects of quality transfer, traceability, ingredient specificity, association between ingredients and pharmacological effects, ingredient predictability, and compounding environment. This review provides a scientific basis for the quality control of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its preparations.

Clinical effect of integrated sandplay therapy in children with Asperger syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical effect of integrated sandplay therapy in preschool children with Asperger syndrome (AS).@*METHODS@#A total of 44 preschool children with AS were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 22 children in each group. The children in the control group were given routine training, and those in the experimental group were given integrated sandplay therapy in addition to the routine training. The treatment response was assess by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), emotional recognition tools and changes in sandplay theme characteristics after 6 months of treatment.@*RESULTS@#Before intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the total score of SRS, the score of each factor of SRS, and correct rates of facial expression recognition of the upright position, inverted position, upper face and lower face (P>0.05). After 6 months of intervention, both groups had significant reductions in the total score of SRS and the score of each factor of SRS (P<0.01); the control group had significant increases in the correct rates of facial expression recognition of all positions except the upright position (P<0.05), while the experimental group had significant increases in the correct rates of facial expression recognition of all positions (P<0.05). Compared with the control group after intervention, the experimental group had significantly lower total score of SRS and scores of all factors of SRS except social perception (P<0.01) and significantly higher correct rates of facial expression recognition of all positions (P<0.01). The experimental group had a significant change in the number of sandplay theme characteristics after intervention (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Integrated sandplay therapy can improve social responsiveness and emotion recognition ability in preschool children with AS.

Clinical efficacy of interactive group sandplay versus individual sandplay in the treatment of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical efficacy of interactive group sandplay versus individual sandplay in the treatment of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).@*METHODS@#A total of 80 ASD children, aged 4-6 years, were enrolled and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, with 40 children in each group. The children in the experimental group joined group sandplay with normal children at a ratio of 1: 3, and those in the control group were treated with individual sandplay. The Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) were used to evaluate the treatment outcome after three months of intervention.@*RESULTS@#There were 33 children in the experimental group and 28 in the control group. After three months of intervention, the experimental group had significant reductions in the scores of irritability, social withdrawal, and stereotypic behavior and the total score of the ABC scale (P<0.05), and the control group had significant reductions in the scores of behavior and inappropriate speech and the total score of the ABC scale (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in the score of social withdrawal and the total score of the ABC scale after three months of intervention (P<0.05). After three months of intervention, the experimental group had significant reductions in the scores of sociability, sensory and cognitive awareness, and physical/health behavior and the total score of the ATEC scale (P<0.05), and the control group had significant reductions in the scores of speech, sociability, and physical/health behavior and the total score of the ATEC scale (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in the scores of speech, sociability, and sensory and cognitive awareness and the total score of the ATEC scale after intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the experimental group also had significantly greater improvements in eye contact and sand stereotyped arrangement (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both interactive group sandplay and individual sandplay are effective in the treatment of ASD in preschool children. Interactive group sandplay is better than individual sandplay in the treatment of ASD, with significant improvements in sociability, emotion and stereotypic behavior.

Chemical Constituents of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Dioscorea bulbifera / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction from Dioscorea bulbifera. METHODS: This compounds were isolated and purified with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and preparative liquid chromatography. Their structures were determined on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-four compounds were isolated and identified as ephemeranyhoquinone(1), N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone(2), aurantiamide acetate(3), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester(4), 2, 7-dihydroxy-3, 4-dimethoxyphenanthrene(5), 4, 5-dihydroblumenol A(6), C-veratroylglycol(7), teasperol(8), vomifoliol(9), Z-6, 7-ligustilide(10), 2, 3, 7-trihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene(11), p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid methyl ester(12), 3, 5, 7, 4′-tetrahydroxyflavone(13), 3, 5, 3′-trimethoxyquercetin(14), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(15), 3, 5, 7, 3′, 4′-pentahydroxyflavone(16), daucosterol(17), 5, 3 ′, 4′-trihydroxy-3, 7-dimethoxyflavone(18), epicatechin(19), 3, 7-dihydroxy-2, 4-dimethoxy-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene(20), methyl eucomate(21), catechins(22), 5, 7-dihydroxy-3, 4′-dimethoxyflavone(23), and 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester(24). CONCLUSION: Except compounds 11, 14, 15, 18-20, 22 other compounds are isolated from the plant for the first time.

Chemical constituents from Perenniporia subacida / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from Perenniporia subacida.METHODS The chloroform-methanol extract from P.subacida was isolated and purified by silica,RP-18 and Sephadex LH-20 column,then the structures of obtained compands were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Nine compounds were isolated and identified as 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoicacid (1),2,5-dihydroxybenzoicacid (2),(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol (3),hydroxylbenzaldehyde (4),4-hydroxyphenyl acetate (5),7-hydroxymethylphthalide (6),(22E,24R)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol (7),(22E,24R)-5 α,8α-epidiory-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (8),(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3 β,5 β,6β-triol (9).CONCLUSION All the compounds are isolated from Perenniporia subacida for the first time,and compound 6 is a new natural product.

Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of standard ethanol extract of Bombax ceiba leaves in high-fat-diet- and streptozotocin-induced Type 2 diabetic rats / 中国天然药物

The present study aimed at exploring the therapeutic potential of standard extract of Bombax ceiba L. leaves (BCE) in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). Oral administration of BCE at doses of 70, 140, and 280 mg·kg, to the normal rats and the high-fat-diet- and streptozotocin-induced T2DM rats were carried out. Effects of BCE on blood glucose, body weight, and a range of serum biochemical parameters were tested, and histopathological observation of pancreatic tissues was also performed. HPLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS/MS analysis indicated that the chemical composition of BCE mainly contained mangiferin, isoorientin, vitexin, isomangiferin, isovitexin, quercetin hexoside, 2'-trans-O-cumaroyl mangiferin, and nigricanside. BCE caused a significant decrease in the concentrations of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, serum insulin, and malondialdehyde, and increases in oral glucose tolerance, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and superoxide dismutase in the T2DM model rats. Moreover, considerable pancreatic β-cells protection effect and stimulation of insulin secretion from the remaining pancreatic β-cells could be observed after BCE treatment. The results indicated that BCE exhibited an excellent hypoglycemic activity, and alleviated dyslipidemia which is associated with T2DM. Antioxidant activity and protecting pancreatic β-cells are the possible mechanisms involved in anti-diabetic activity of BCE.

Influence of home nurture environment on language development and social emotion in children with developmental language disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of home nurture environment on language development and social emotion in children with developmental language disorder (DLD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 1-3 Years Child Home Nurture Environment Scale, Gesell Developmental Scale, and Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment Scale were used for the evaluation of 125 children with DLD. A total of 130 children with normal language development matched for age and sex were enrolled as control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the DLD group had a significantly higher proportion of children in a bad home nurture environment and significantly lower scores of all domains of home nurture environment (P<0.05). In children with DLD, the home nurture environment score was positively correlated with the level of language development (r=0.536, P<0.01) and the score of ability domain in social emotion (r=0.397, P<0.01) and was negatively correlated with the scores of the domains of explicit behavior, covert behavior, and imbalance in social emotion (r=-0.455, -0.438, and -0.390 respectively, P<0.01). Home nurture environment had direct influence on language development in children with DLD and affected their language development via the mediating effect of social emotion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Home nurture environment influences language development and social emotion in children with DLD, and social emotion has a partial mediating effect between home nurture environment and language development.</p>

Essential Oil from Siegesbeckia pubescens Induces Apoptosis through the Mitochondrial Pathway in Human HepG2 Cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Siegesbeckia pubescens (SP) has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of and inflammatory diseases.However,the activities of SP against hepatocellular carcinoma and the related mechanisms remain unclear.The present study aimed to examine the effects of the essential oil of SP (SPEO) on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the possible mechanisms.The growth inhibition of HepG2 cells was analyzed by MTT assay.Hoechst 33258 and fluorescence microscopy were utilized to observe the nuclear morphological changes of apoptotic cells.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle.The expressions of the target proteins were detected by Western blotting.The results showed that SPEO obviously inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner.SPEO activated a series of apoptotic proteins in HepG2 cells,increasing expression levels of Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9,and decreasing the bcl-2 expression level.SPEO displayed promising anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities in vitro,partly by inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells through activating the mitochondrial pathway.

Chemical constituents from fresh tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera / 中国中药杂志

Eighteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of fresh tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera by column chromatography over silica gel,Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis as 6-hydroxy-2,10,10-trimethoxy-anthracen-9-one(1), diosgenin (2), stigmasterol(3), 3, 7-dimethoxy-5, 3', 4'-trihydroxyflavone(4), 2, 7-dihydroxy-3, 4-dimethoxyphenanthrene(5), 3, 7-dihydroxy-2, 4-dimethoxy phenanthrene(6), 2, 7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene (7), 2, 7-dihydroxy-3, 4-dimethoxy-9, 10-dihydroxy phenanthrene(8), azelaic acid (9), 8-epidiosbulbin E acetate (10), 1, 7-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4E, 6E-heptadien-3-one(11), diosbulbin B(12), pentacosanoic acid 2', 3'-dihydroxypropyl ester(13), 2, 7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-9, 10-dihydroxy-phenanthrene (14), 1, 7-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1E, 4E, 6E-heptatrien-3-one (15), 6-ethoxy-1H-pyrimidine-2, 4-dione (16), 3, 5, 4'-trihydroxy-bibenzyl (17), and diosbulbin F (18). Compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 7, 9, 13, and 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 after cerebral contusion in rat / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the expression pattern of caspase-3 and HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) at different time after cerebral contusion in rat, and explore the new method for estimating the injury interval.@*METHODS@#The cerebral contusion model was established using adult SD male rats. Then the rats were randomly allocated into 8 groups: 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after cerebral contusion, sham-operation and normal control. Expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 protein after cerebral contusion in rat was detected by Western blotting. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to observe the number of HAX-1 positive cells and TUNEL-stained cells after cerebral contusion.@*RESULTS@#The expression of caspase-3 increased parallelly with the time after cerebral contusion and reached the peak value on 3 d. The expression of caspase-3 decreased gradually and still maintained a high level expression on 7 d (P < 0.05). The expression of HAX-1 positive cell went up after injury, and reached the peak value at 6 h (P < 0.05), then turned down gradually after 12 h and went out of detection after 3 d. The number of TUNEL-stained cells increased obviously at 2 h and reached the peak value on 3 d. The number of TUNEL-stained apoptotic cells decreased gradually and still maintained a high level expression on 7 d (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of caspase-3 and HAX-1 after cerebral contusion has time sequential regularity, which may provide new evidence for forensic diagnosis of cerebral contusion interval.

Nitric oxide mediated TNF-α, IL-1β gene expression in liver induced by crush injury of rat's soft tissues / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the gene expression of hepatic TNF-α and IL-1β by crush injury of rat's soft tissues.@*METHODS@#Rats were randomly divided into sham group, crush group, crush+aminoguanidine (AG) group, and crush+L-arginine (L-Arg) group. Activities of ALT and AST as well as NO level in serum were measured. Gene expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected with RT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Obvious increase in TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression was detected in the crush group compared with the sham group (P<0.05). After pretreated L-Arg, expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA were markedly increased (P<0.05). After pretreated AG, those indices obviously decreased (P<0.05). Activities of ALT and AST enhanced and NO level increased in the crush group compared with the sham group (P<0.05). Pretreatment with L-Arg or AG led to substantial increased or reduced activities of ALT and AST as well as NO levels, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Endogenous NO mediated TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA up expression in liver induced by increased production of NO after crush injury of rat's soft tissues.

Chemical constituents of Gentiana rhodantha / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the chemical constituents of Gentiana rhodantha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To isolate the constituents, column chromatography over silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 and C18 reverse-phased silica gel were used. Spectroscopic methods were used to elucidate the structures of the isolated compounds.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Sixteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as ten phonemic compounds, namely 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxylxanthone (1), rhodanthenone D (2), 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxylxanthone (3), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-4,8-dimethoxyxanthone (4), quercetin (5), isoorientin (6), mangiferin (7), norswertianolin (8), gallic acid ethyl ester (9) and salicylic acid (10), and six triterpenes including alpha-amyrin (11), erythrodiol 3-O-palmitate (12), ursolic aldehyde (13), uvaol 3-O-acetyl (14), ursolic acid (15) and 2alpha-hydroxyursolic acid (16).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 4-6, 8, 10-12, 15 and 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 3 were obtained firstly from the genus Gentiana and compounds 9, 13-14 were firstly from the family Gentianaceae.</p>

Time-order expression of caspase-3 and iNOS in contused human brain tissue / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of caspase-3 and iNOS in different intervals and to provide evidence for estimation of injury intervals after brain contusion in human.@*METHODS@#Thirty cases died of serious brain injury were included into the injury groups and 5 cases died of non-brain injury were served as control group. To analyze the changes of caspase-3 and iNOS expression in brain samples at different intervals (2h, 4-8h, 10-14h, 1-2d, 3-5d, 8-11d) by immunohistochemistry and auto-image analysis system.@*RESULTS@#The level of caspase-3 expression started to increase in 2 hours after brain contusion compared to the control group (P<0.05). The level of caspase-3 expression continued to increase in 1-2 days and maintained high level in 3-5 days compared to the control group (P<0.05), then decreased gradually. There was no statistically significant difference between the expression level of iNOS in 2 hours with the control group (P>0.05). But the expression level of iNOS began to increase in 4-8 hours after brain contusion and reached its maximum in 1-2 days, then decreased. Weak expression of iNOS still could be detected in 8-11 days.@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of caspase-3 and iNOS can be used as effective evidence for human brain contusion interval.

Construction of a eukaryotic expression vector for alpha-1-antitrypsin and the localization of the expression product in NIH 3T3 cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a eukaryotic expression vector for alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and detect its expression and localization in NIH 3T3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The total RNA was extracted from the liver tissue of BALB/c mice, and the corresponding coding sequences for mouse AAT (GenBank accession No. NM_009243) were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged vector pcDNA3-HA. The construct was then transfected into NIH 3T3 cells, which were observed under fluorescence microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The recombinant plasmid was verified by PCR, enzyme digestion and sequence analysis, and the fusion protein was highly expressed in NIH 3T3 cells. Under fluorescence microscope, the fusion protein was found to distribute mainly in the cytoplasm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression vector for AAT-HA fusion protein has been successfully constructed and effectively expressed in mammalian cells to allow future functional study of AAT in mammalian cells.</p>

Iodine-125 interstitial brachytherapy for malignant tumor / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the clinical effects of (125)I interstitial brachytherapy for malignant tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twelve patients with malignant tumors of stage II stage and III under went radical resection combined with (125)I intraoperative implantation. Seven days and three month after operation WBC count and immune markers were observed. Blood biochemistry ultrasonography and X-ray were performed to observe recurrence and metastasis of tumors per three months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 112 patients, 3 died of tumor recurrence in six months, and others survived with the longest time of 35 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(125)I interstitial brachytherapy for malignant tumor is simple, safe and effective.</p>