Immunohistochemical expression of CD20, CD43, and CD79 in Burkitt's lymphoma

Burkitt's lymphoma was reported as a distinct clinicopathological entity, it is a malignant and lethal condition that affects children between 2 and 8 years of age presenting as a massive growth in one or both sides of the maxilla or the mandible, in the molar-premolar region with loosening of the deciduous teeth or with premature eruption of permanent teeth. This study aims to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CD20, CD43, and CD79 in Burkitt's Jaw Lymphoma in relation to clinicopathological findings. Seven children [6 boys and 1 girl] aged 4-6 years old who were examined at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Anbar University and were investigated to correlate between clinicopathological findings of Burkitt's lymphoma using histopathological examination including imprint cytology, H and E and immunohistochemical expression of CD20, CD43, and CD79. The maxilla involved in all cases, the mandible in 2 cases, while the abdomen and viscera involved in 1 case only. The tumor cells showed lymphoblastic cells, with a uniform degree in cell size and cell maturity, darkly stained due to high content of ribonucleic acid [RNA] and cytoplasmic vacuoles due to high content of lipid and under light microscope; the tumor composed of small round cells interspersed with histocyte as starry sky appearance; while Immunohistochemical expression was done by evaluation of CD20, CD43, and CD79 expressions; The immunohistochemical staining using CD20, CD43, andCD79 monoclonal antibodies is a principal laboratory aids has a considerable value in the diagnosis and characterization of Burkitt's lymphoma, and they provide critical information for guiding clinicians to the appropriate treatment protocol for these malignancies

Prevalence of candida species and oral candidiasis during menstrual cycle in a sample of women in Baghdad city

Menstrual cycle define and reflect the women internal endocrine environment. Ovarian hormones, estrogens and progesterone, are not secreted in constant amounts throughout the cycle. Estrogen and progesterone have been shown to inhibit aspects of both innate and acquired immunity at the systemic or local level furthermore they have been shown to influence on maturation and keratinization of oral mucosa. So there may be possible influence of the menstrual cycle on the adherence of Candida to human oral epithelial cells, and may implicate hormonal factors in the aetiology of oral Candidiasis. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Candida albicans and other different Candida species in the oral cavity during different periods of menstrual cycle. One hundred and seventy six oral swabs were taken from 44 females' patients attending dental clinic during the period from May to September2007 with age range 14-49 years old at different periods of menstrual cycle on days 5, 13, 22 and 28, which represent menstrual phase, ovulatory phase, mid-luteal phase and premenstrual phase respectively. Swabs were taken from the tongue for isolation of Candida species. The swabs were inoculated on Sabouraud's glucose agar incubated at 37° for 72 hours; Candida species were identified by gram stain method, germ tube method and fermentation of sugar set. The prevalence of Candida in the oral cavity at 5[th], 13[th], 22[nd] and 28[th] days of menstrual cycle were 31.8%, 22.7%, 40.9% and 25% respectively. The study shows that the prevalence of Candida in the oral cavity was non-significantly higher at 22[nd] day of menstrual cycle. There was no significant influence of menstrual cycle on the prevalence of Candida in the oral cavity during different periods. The prevalence of Candida albicans was higher during different periods of menstrual cycle in comparison to Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis

Co-activation of Gi and Gq proteins exerts synergistic effect on human platelet aggregation through activation of phospholipase C and Ca2+ signalling pathways

Our previous studies have shown that subthreshold concentrations of two platelet agonists exert synergistic effects on platelet aggregation. Here we studied the mechanism of synergistic interaction of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and epinephrine mediated platelet aggregation. We show that 5-HT had no or little effect on aggregation but it did potentiate the aggregation response of epinephrine. The synergistic interaction of 5-HT (1-5 microM) and epinephrine (0.5-2 microM) was inhibited by alpha2-adrenoceptor blocker (yohimbine; IC50= 0.4 microM), calcium channel blockers (verapamil and diltiazem with IC50 of 10 and 48 mM, respectively), PLC inhibitor (U73122; IC50=6 microM) and nitric oxide (NO) donor, SNAP (IC50=1.6 microM)). The data suggest that synergistic effects of platelet agonists are receptor-mediated and occur through multiple signalling pathways including the activation PLC/Ca2+ signalling cascades.