Histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced by contraceptive pills in the cervix of female rabbits

Oral contraceptive pills [OCPs] are the most popular form of hormonal contraception in young women. The present study focused on evaluating the effects of two different contraceptive pills including combined pills [estrogen and progesterone] and mini pills [progesterone only] on the cervix of female rabbit. After three months of daily oral administration of these contraceptive pills the animals were sacrificed. The excised organs were dissected, processed and stained with H and E, PAS reaction and Masson's trichrome stain and orcein stain. This was followed by morphometric measurements and statistical study. This study revealed that contraceptive pills administration - specially the combined one - caused marked alterations in the form of hyperplastic cervical mucosal cells and hypertrophied muscular layer. Also, there was a significant increase in collagenous and elastic fibres content in the muscular layer of the cervix. There was also a statistically significant increase in PAS positive materials in the lumina of the mucosal glands of the cervix. All these changes were less marked in the case of mini pill treatment. Pills of progesterone only showed marked histopathological change, in the cervix as a contraceptive mean, but in less manner than the combined pills [estrogen and progesterone]

Histological and immunohistochemical study of the role of glutamine on lipopolysaccharide-induced pancreatitis and associated lung injury

Lipopolysaccharide [LPS] is an important factor in the incidence of sepsis. Sepsis is associated with acute pancreatitis, which might be complicated by multiorgan dysfunction, among which is the lung. Glutamine [GLN] is an essential amino acid that plays a significant role in cell homeostasis and organ metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of GLN against LPS-induced pancreatitis and the associated lung injury. Twenty-four male albino rats were divided into three groups [n=Q each]. The first group served as the control group; the second received an intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg LPS; and the third group was given an intraperitoneal dose of 0.75 g/kg of L-GLN with LPS. After 6 h, the pancreas and lungs were dissected, processed, sectioned, and stained with H and E and with an immunohistochemical stain for heat shock protein 70 [HSP70]. Area percentage of HSP70-positive immunoreactivity was measured, followed by statistical analysis. The LPS group demonstrated mononuclear cellular infiltration of mostly neutrophils within the connective tissue septa of the pancreas. This was not detected in the group treated with GLN. HSP70-positive immunoreactivity was detected in the apical part of pancreatic acinar cells in the LPS group, which was significantly increased in the GLN-treated group. The lungs of the LPS group showed thickened interalveolar septa with massive inflammatory cellular infiltration. This was diminished in the GLN-treated group. Positive HSP70 immunoreactivity was detected in type II pneumocytes and in the inflammatory cells within the interalveolar septa. This finding was more abundant in the GLN-treated group. LPS induced an inflammatory process associated with an increase in HSP70 immunoexpression in both the pancreas and the lung, a finding that was markedly increased in GLN-treated animals. This denotes that GLN might play an anti-inflammatory role by elevating HSP70 expression

Prevalence of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals in Sirte, Libya

The prevalence of cystic echinococcosis was studied among the livestock slaughtered in abattoir of Sirte, Libya during the period July 2004 to May 2005. The overall infection rate of 4.9% in sheep, 2.4% in goats, 2.7% in camels and 15% in cattle were observed. The increase in prevalence with age of the animals was statistically significant in the four species. In female goats, examined infection was higher in the male. Liver had higher hydatid cysts than lungs in sheep, goat while infected lungs had higher in camel

Histological and immunohistochemical study on the changes induced by contraceptive pills in the female rabbit's kidney

The mechanism for the development of overt hypertension due to the oral contraception ingestion remains unclear. Experimental evidence favors a role for the renin-angiotensin system. The present study focuses on evaluating the effect of two different contraceptive pills including combined pills [estrogen and progesterone] and mini pills [progesterone only] on the kidney of female rabbit. After three month of daily oral administration of these contraceptive pills the animals were sacrificed. The excised kidneys were dissected, processed and stained with H and E, PAS and Masson's trichrome and anti-angiotensin II immunohistochemical stains. This was followed by morphometric measurements and statistical study. This study revealed that contraceptive pills administration specially the combined one caused marked alterations in the form of damaged kidney tubules with cell swelling and loss of brush border and enlarged glomeruli with hypercellularity. Also, a statistically significant increase in collagenous content peritubular and peri and intraglomerular was observed. There was also a statistically significant increase in the anti-Angiotensin II immunoreactivity in renal tubules as well as intra-glomerular and in the interstitial cells. All these changes were less marked after mini pill treatment. Progesterone only pills could be safer on the kidney as a contraceptive mean when compared to combined pills

Evaluation of the role of vascularised omental pedicled flaps in the management of liver injuries [experimental canine study]

This experimental study was done to evaluate the role of a vascularized pedicle omental flap as an autogenous pack to control hemorrhage and to decrease the incidence of sepsis and bile leakage. The study was done on 10 dogs with liver injuries in which the liver wound was packed with a vascularized pedicled omental flap sutured in place and sacrificed after 15 days in 5 dogs and after 30 days in the other 5. A postoperative follow up for hemorrhage, sepsis and bile peritonitis was done. The healed omental flaps with adjacent liver tissue were histologically examined. They all showed heavy infiltration of different types of inflammatory cells, especially lymphocytes with a deposition of collagen fibers and bile ductules like channels in the omentum. This work supported the use of omentum in the control of bleeding, the decreased incidence of sepsis and absorption of bile in cases of liver injuries

saftey of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis in sickle cell disease

As surgery in sickle cell patients is associated with high morbidity, this study aimed to establish the safety of minimally invasive surgery in this high-risk group. The study included 41 sickle cell patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC] for cholelithiasis, three patients had asymptomatic gallstones and preoperative gastroscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography were performed in nine and eight patients, respectively. Twenty-six patients were given simple transfusions, while three received partial exchange transfusions. The mean operative time was 10 minutes and the conversion rate was 4.8%. There were 14.6% postoperative complications, the majority of which were respiratory and wound related and the median hospital stay was 2.5 days. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe in patients with sickle cell hemoglobinopathy who are particularly at risk of developing pigmented gallstones. Therefore, the use of minimally invasive surgery is encouraged in any sickle cell patient undergoing operative intervention with the advantages of short postoperative analgesia requirement, shorter hospitalization and remarkable reductions in perioperative morbidity

Early results in intrasplenic hepatocytes autotransplantation in dogs: an experimental study

Patients with chronic liver disease will proceed to advanced course and will die from liver cell failure unless liver transplantation is done. Autotransplantation has several practical advantages over allotransplantation or xenotransplantation. Immunologic rejection does not occur. The donnor is at all times readily available and prolonged preservation is usually unnecessary. Autotransplantation of hepatocytes in the spleen was done in dogs. Hepatocyte cell suspension was injected slowly in the splenic artery after occlusion by vascular clamp and this occlusion is removed on finishing of infusion by 10 minutes. Nodules of hepatocytes have growing in the splenic tissue mainly in the sinusoids of red pulp and rarely in trabeculae and white pulp. No growth of bile duct epithelium was noticed. Although our work is a mere trial, our results are promising in intrasplenic hepatocyte autotransplantation in dogs, we hope to more success and to be applied in humans

Management of pilonidal sinus by exision and primary closure with transposition rhomboid flap

The pilonidal disease is an acquired condition caused by foreign body reaction to hairs embeded in the skin or due to occlusion of the hair follicles by keratin which become inflamed and rupture into the surrounding fat. This paper emphazise some details of technique of exision and primary closure with a transposition rhomboid flap to ensure a successful outcome. This work was done in Zagazig University Hospital where as twenty eight patients were included in this study. The advantages of this technique were less bleeding, less wound breakdown, lower infection, reduced wound pain, shorter time off work, faster healing time, simple to perform by general surgeon, short hospital stay, rapid return to the work with full activities and good primary healing

surgery for ascending aortic aneurysm

From January 1991 through June 1994, 16 patients underwent surgery for ascending aortic aneurysm. There were 14 men and 2 women with an average age of 42 years. The etiology of these aneurysms were syphilitic [one patient], mycotic complicating early prosthetic valve endocarditis [PVE] [one patient], type A aortic dissection [4 patients], atherosclerotic [2 patients], annuloaortic ectasia [4 patients] and Marfan's syndrome [4 patients]. All patients except one, had severe aortic insufficiency. According to the underlying pathology, different surgical techniques were used

Effect of sternotomy on haemodynamic data in patients undergoing aortic or mitral valve replacement using two different narcotic analgesic

This study included 30 adult patients allocated into 2 groups of 15 patients each receiving either fentanyl 50 ug/kg or sufentanil 10 ug/kg for induction of anesthesia. Hemodynamic parameters including 2 categories, direct HR-SABP-MABP-RAP-MPAP-PCWP-CO, derived: CI-SVI-SVR-PVR-LVSWI, were made before, after induction and after sternotomy. After induction there was a significant decrease of SABP, MABP, HR, CO, SVR, CI and SVI but the decrease was greater with the sufentantil group. Sufentanil could prevent the hypertension and the tachycardia due to sternotomy, more than fentanyl suggesting the superiority of sufentanil or over fentanyl as an anesthetic for cardiac surgery

Effect of aprindine and amiodarone administration on the incidence of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation in patients undergoing valve replacement

This prospective study was planned to evaluate the effect of the antiarrythmic drugs; Aprindine and Amiodarone on the incidence of reperfusion VF. 90 patients undergoing valve replacement were divided into control, aprindine and amiodarone groups. The incidence of VF decreased from a mean of 80% in the control group to 43.3% and 66.7% in the aprindine and amiodarone groups. The difference was statistically significant in the aprindine group. For defibrillation, a mean of 33.44 joules and 2.87 shocks was required in the control group, while the aprindine group required 8.33 joules and 1.33 shocks, and the amiodarone group required 13.84 joules and 1.77 shocks. Postoperative creatine kinase isoenzyme was 88.33 units in the control group and 53.55 and 58.80 units in the aprindine and amiodarone groups respectively. The incidence of reperfusion VF increased in patients receiving digitalis and in cases with ischemic time >90 minutes. Moreover, the incidence was higher, if the serum potassium was <5 mil Equ. or the body temperature was <34C, at time of aortic decalamping

Histological evaluation of the effect of electrosurgical gluteraldehyde and formocresol pulpotomy techniques in the pulp tissue of permanent teeth in dogs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histological effect of electrosurgical pulpotomy, gluteraldehyde pulpotomy, and formocresol pulpotomy, on the pulp of permanent teeth in dogs. Examination of formocresol treated teeth showed that the pulpal tissue exhibited pulpal edema with pulp degeneration were prominent. The pulpal tissue was devoid of blood vessels. Periapical tissue was involved, there was lysis of the peridontal fibers and resorption of the alveolar bone. Examination of gluteraldehyde treated teeth showed that there was hyaline degeneration with formation of granulation tissue, fibrosis of the pulp with the presence of dilated blood vessels and edema of the periapical tissue with chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. Examination of electrosurgical treated teeth showed that the blood vessels of the pulp appeared budding off, dilated and present in a delicate connective tissue stroma. Dentine bridge was formed opposite to the exposure site. No periapical involvement was observed. From this study, it can be concluded that, formocresol and gluteraldehyde create more pulp and periapical tissue irritation than electrosurgery. No formation of reparative dentin has been observed with formocresol, while with electrosurgery, most cases showed reparative dentin

Effect of extracorporeal circulation on platelet count and function

36 patients undergoing elective open heart surgery for repair of rheumatic disease or acyanotic congenital heart disease were the subject of this study. Platelet count and "Platelet aggregation" were found to decrease after cardiopulmonary bypass [CPB] significantly, this drop correlated negatively with pump time. Bleeding time was prolonged after CPB significantly and the prolongation correlated with the drop of platelet count and with the decrease in platelet aggregation. Bleeding time was positively correlated with pump time

Efficacy of cryotherapy on newly diagnosed anogenital warts

Cryotherapy might be effective in the treatment of primary anogenital warts [AG warts] as it was hypothesized that it lases viral-infected keratinocytes, probably, resulting in increased exposure of viral antigenic fragments to local components of the host immune system. The present study was determined whether patients with newly diagnosed AG warts have impaired no specific immunity, [NSI] treatment with cryotherapy causes stimulation of NSI, and NSI was related to clinical outcome in those patients treated with cryotherapy. The study was carried on 59 female patients with AG warts and 28 healthy female controls. They were allocated to a cryotherapy group [n = 30] and placebo group [n=29], randomly. The results showed significant difference between patients treated by cryotherapy and those in placebo group. At the eight week and twelve week assessment, 21 patients [70%] of cryotherapy group were free from warts compared with none of the placebo group. Also, the treated group showed considerable evidence of stimulation of non-specific cellular immunity, as it was not seen in the placebo group

Exercise capacity in relation to carbohydrate in patients with phosphofructokinase deficiency

Twenty seven patients [16 females and 11 males] were studied as subjects for this study. Their ages ranged between 12 and 49 with a mean +/- SD of 27 +/- 6.7 years. Histories of the young patients were confirmed by their parents. Each of the patients had history of life long exercise intolerance with the premature muscle-fatigue, and each reported occasions on which initially fatiguing exercise became more easily tolerated, as in the second-wind phenomenon described in patients with muscle phosphorylase deficiency