Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the southern region of Khartoum state

This study was aimed to determine the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B markers. In the month of February 2011, blood samples were collected from patients randomly at Ibrahim malik and basha'ir hospitals [southern Khartoum]. Enzyme linked immunosorbent Assay [ELISA] was used to determine both antigen and antibody surfaces of HBV in serum. A total of 90 subjects were tested with the mean age of 37.3; where 55 were female and 35 were male. HBsAg and HBsAb were detected positive in 4[4.4%] and 10[11.1%] out 90 respectively. All four positive HBsAg were samples from females. This study shows that prevalence of HBV infection is higher in females than in males

Detection of Antibodies against hepatitis C virus in serum from Sudanese aborted women

This study was carried out to identify hepatitis type C in aborted women in Khartoum state. Eighty two [82] samples of blood serum of aborted women at last month of delivery were collected from Maternity Hospital, located at Omdurman, Khartoum state, during November and December 2009. Samples were collected in sterile containers and then transported to be diagnosed in the laboratory. Samples were preserved in refrigerator at -4c before use. The samples were checked to detect the Anti IgG for hepatitis C in serum of aborted women by using ELISA test. The test showed that one of these samples is positive [0.82%] and the rest of the 81 samples were negative. The study remarked that frequency of hepatitis C is rather low in Khartoum state among aborted women

Antithrombotic therapy in patients with prosthetic heart valves

Patients with mechanical valve prostheses require a lifelong anticoagulant treatment. The combined use of Warfarin and low-dose aspirin appears to reduce the risk of valve thrombosis and systemic embolism at a low risk of bleeding. The management of women with prosthetic heart valves during pregnancy poses a particular challenge, as there are no available controlled clinical trials to provide guidelines for effective antithrombotic therapy. Oral anticoagulants, such as Warfarin, cause foetal embryopathy; unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin have been reported to be ineffective in preventing thromboembolic complications. This article discusses the available data and the most recent guidelines in the antithrombotic management of patients with prosthetic valves, and antithrombotic therapy in various clinical situations such as pregnant women with prosthetic heart valves, and patients with prosthetic heart valves undergoing noncardiac surgery

Molluscicidal activities of certain pesticide and their mixtures against Biomphalaria alexandrina

In this study, Biomphalaria alexandrina snails were collected from irrigation canals at Giza Governorate and maintained on fresh lettuce leaves under suitable laboratory conditions. Niclosamide and uccmaluscide proved to be the most effective compounds, followed by copper sulfate. This was followed by anilofos, isoprothiolane and fluazifop-P-butyl. Moreover, butachlor herbicide was the least potent compound. In general, the specific molluscicides showed more efficiency than the conventional tested herbicides and fungicides on the treated snails. Pre-exposure to 1/10 LC50 of anilofos, butachlor and isoprothiolane showed synergistic effects to uccmaluscide. However, the same treatment with 1/10 LC50 of fluazifop-P-butyl, isoprothiolane and butachlor gave an additive effect to copper sulfate and niclosamide on the treated snails. Data indicated that when butachlor, anilofos, fluazifop-P-butyl or isoprothiolane added to copper sulfate at ratios of 10:40 and 20:30 of LC50 as well as anilofos when added to copper sulfate at 30:20 showed synergism in activity against snails. On the contrary, the tested mixtures with niclosamide resulted in an antagonistic action, while they showed synergistic effect. Isoprothiolane-uccmaluscide mixture at a ratio of 40:10 of LC50 showed an additive effect on the snails. The determination of niclosamide by gas chromatography indicated that niclosamide showed relatively slower degradation either in case of niclosamide or its mixture with butachlor. Meanwhile, its mixture with anilofos or fluazifop-p-butyl or isoprothiolane showed a rapid degradation

Potentiometric and conductometric studies on some diphenyformazans and their metal chelates

The ACID dissociation constant pKa values of 1-aryl-5 -[o- hydroxybenzene]-3-benzoylformazan derivatives in ethanol- water mixtures have been determined pH-metrically at 25 +/- 0.2 degree. Increase in the concentration of ethanol results in the increase of pK for all formazan derivatives. The formation constant log kMML values of some lanthanide complexes were determined in 70% [v/v] ethanol. The potentiometric and conductometric studies revealed that 1: 1 and 1: 2 [metal: ligand] complexes were formed in solution. The correlation of the stability constants of complexes in relation to ionic radii, ionic potential and electronegativity of the lanthanides was discussed

Preliminary investigation of the use of charge transfer compounds as gas sensors

Some charge-transfer compounds namely tetrathiafulvaene Salt TTF [+] -tetracyariodiquinomethane TCNQ, tetrathiafulvaene chloride TTFCl, LiTCNQ, and TTF/oxanol dye have been investigated for use as gas sensors. Thin discs and films are tested for detecting some pollutant gases [SO[2], H[2]S, NO[2], CO, O[2], CH[4]], by considering changes in conductivity. It has been found that the conductance is decreased when SO[2], H[2]S, NO[2], Cl[2], CH[4] and O[2] gases pass over the surface of TTF/TCNQ. The same-trend has been noticed when little SO[2] and CO gases are adsorbed on the surface of LiTCNQ., TTFCl, TTF/TCNQ and TTF/DYE

Quantitation of floctafenine by high pressure liquid chromatography [HPLC] and spectrophotometric methods

Two methods for the quantitative determination of floctafenine are described. The first, a spectrophotometric procedure, is based on the formation of a red Schiff-base between floctafenine and p- dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde [p-DAC] after reduction with zinc powder and hydrochloric acid in ethanol acidic medium at room temperature. At the maximum absorption of 541 nm, Beer-Lambert's Law was adhered to over the 1-9 mug/ml range [epsilon max 3.99 x 10 4 l/mol/cm]. The second method involved the application of HPLC, C-18 column, with a mobile phase consisting of 82.5: 17.5 methanol: water at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Samples dissolved in methanol were estimated by the measurement of peak height using UV detection at 254 nm. The results obtained with the two proposed methods revealed their successful application for the quantitative estimation of floctafenine in bulk drug and as tablets with good accuracy and precision

Chelates of CE [III], Th [IV] and UO2 [VI] with some schiff bases

SCHIFF bases are well known to have pronounced biological activities. Their ready synthesis and active properties have contributed greatly to their popularity and to the study of many biological systems [1-3]. Metal complexes of Schiff bases are studied extensively due to synthetic flexibility of these compounds and their selectivity as well as sensitivity towards several metal ions. Several reviews have been devoted to coordination chemistry of Schiff base metal complexes [4-7] Dioxouranium [VI] complexes [1:2] of some salicylaldehyde Schiff bases have been synthesized [8] Anthranilic acid Schiff base complexes with Th [IV], UO[2] [VI], La [III], Ce [III] and Zr [IV] have been isolated and studied by several techniques [9] The coordination of Th [IV] and UO[2] [VI] with a number of mono and polydentate Schiff bases has been studied. Several bi-and trinuclear complexes have been investigated [10]. The present article deals with the evaluation of the ionization constants of Schiff bases [I], [II] and [III] and the stability constants of their complexes with Ce [III], Th [IV] and UO[2]>2 [VI] ions. The solid complexes which could be isolated were also investigated by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy