ABSTRACT
Today, the growing interest has been focused on the use of medicinal plants and their active components as natural sources, due to their well-known abilities to scavenge free radical. Antioxidant effectively and to different ways can prevent from reaction free radical with biomolecules [e.g., protein, amino acids, lipid and DNA] and cause reducing cell injury and death, chronic diseases and cancers. To determine the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of the essential oil of Anethum graveolens Boiss. in crude soybean oil. In this study, essential oil was obtained from the seeds and it was analyzed by GC/MS. The chemical compositions were identified. The antioxidant activity was investigated with two methods, DPPH free radical scavenging and beta-carotene/linoleic acid. Also, antioxidant activity of essential oil was determined by measuring peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values in crude soy bean oil and results were compared with synthetic antioxidant BHT and BHA. Results showed that six major components in the essential oil were: D-carvone [36.09%], limonene [19.89%], dill apiole [16.83%], E-dihydrocarvone [7.36%], Z-dihydrocarvone [6.59%] and thymol [6.5%]. In DPPH system, the EC50 value of Anethum graveolens essential oil was determined as 2.57 +/- 1.52 mg/ml. This parameter for BHT was 0.016 +/- 0.001. By the beta-carotene bleaching system, antioxidant activity of essential oil at 7 mg/ml [77.29%] that was almost equal to BHT at 0.1 mg/ml. In oven test, essential oil could inhibit of primary and secondary oxidation products of crude soy bean oil at 0.6 mg/ml that was almost equal to BHA at 0.1 mg/ml. Results showed that the essential oil of Anethum graveolens could be used as a natural antioxidant in foodstuffs after complementary tests and it causes functionality in them
Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile , Antioxidants , Soybean OilABSTRACT
Taxol is a diterpeniod with complex structure, which is extracted frequently from the genus Taxus. At present, this drug is one of the most important anticancer natural agents with different mechanism from other similar drugs, used for remedy of different cancers such a melanoma, lung cancer, non-hodgkins lymphoma, meatus urinarius cancer, esophagus cancer, etc. At present, many scientists are trying total synthesis and semi-synthesis of tax and also its extraction from cell culture. However, these methods have characteristic problems. The increasing demand of taxol for clinical use as an anticancer drug combined with limited supply from plant sources require a thorough understanding of its biosynthesis and extraction methods
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Paclitaxel/biosynthesis , TaxusABSTRACT
Angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] is an exopeptidase which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction and aldosteron secretion and inactivate bradykinin, so ACE has major role on blood pressure regulation. In this study 135 plants used in Persian traditional medicine have been investigated for their angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitory activity potential. They were selected on the basis of their usage as antihypertensive, cardiotonics and diuretics. The dried powdered plant material, 1 g was extracted with 10 ml water and ethanol [%96] in ultrasonic bath. The extracts were filtered and concentrated in vacuum except for the water extracts, which were freeze-dried. Test solutions were made by dissolving extract in assay buffer, corresponding to a final concentration of 0.33 mg of crude plant extract in 1 ml test volume. Enzyme assay was performed by HPLC method. Plants exhibiting inhibition levels more then 50% were further tested for the presence of tannins in order to eliminate possible false positives. In total, 52 species out of the 135 [39%] screened, gave more than 50% ACE inhibition. 40 species were found to possess a high ACE inhibiting ability and were low in their tannin content