Superiority of motor imagery acupuncture in improving muscle tension for patients with upper limb hemiplegia of stroke in early stage / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To verify the superiority of motor imagery acupuncture in improving muscle tension for patients with upper limb hemiplegia in early stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 64 patients of stroke hemiplegia with upper limb flaccid paralysis were randomly divided into an observation group (32 cases, 1 case dropped off ) and a control group (32 cases, 4 cases dropped off ). The observation group was treated with motor imagery acupuncture (both acupuncture and motor imagery therapy at affected upper limb were performed).The control group was treated with acupuncture plus motor imagery therapy at affected lower limb, 2 h later after acupuncture, motor imagery therapy was applied to upper limb. Baihui (GV 20) to Taiyang (EX-HN 5) of healthy side, Fengchi (GB 20) and Jianyu (LI 15), Jianjing (GB 21), Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5) on the affected side, ect. were selected in both groups, once a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, 4, 8 weeks after treatment, the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) grade and Brunnstrom stage were compared in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the muscle tension of shoulder, elbow and wrist each time point after treatment was increased in the two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Motor imagery acupuncture could promote hemiplegia upper limb muscle tension recovery in patients of stroke hemiplegia with upper limb flaccid paralysis, make the patients gradually shift to the separate fine movement mode, inhibit and relieve the appearance and development of spasm.

Effect of -induced changes in tumor tissue acoustic properties on efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of on the acoustic characteristics of tumor tissue and how such acoustic changes affect the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation in nude mice.@*METHODS@#Forty mice bearing human breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) xenograft were randomized into experimental group (=20) and control group (=20) for intravenous injection of suspension (200 μL, 4 × 10 cfu/mL) and PBS (200 μL) for 3 consecutive days, respectively. Before and at 3 and 7 days after the first injection, shear wave elastography was used to evaluate the hardness of the tumor tissue. On day 7 after the first injection, 10 mice from each group were sacrificed and the sound velocity and sound attenuation of the tumor tissues were measured. The changes in the collagen fibers in the tumors were evaluated using Masson staining, and neovascularization in the tumor was assessed with immunohistochemistry for platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31). The remaining 10 tumor-bearing mice in each group were subjected to HIFU ablation, and the ablation efficiency was evaluated by assessing the changes in irradiation gray values, coagulative necrosis volume, energy efficiency factor (EEF) and irradiation area and by pathological examination with HE staining.@*RESULTS@#In the experimental group, the collagen fibers in the tumor tissues were strong and densely aligned, and the tumors contained fewer new blood vessels showing strip-or spot-like morphologies. In the control group, the collagen fibers in the tumors were thin and loosely arranged, and the tumors showed abundant elongated or round new blood vessels. colonized in the tumor 7 days after the injection, and the tumor hardness was significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group (=0.01); the acoustic velocity (=0.001) and the acoustic attenuation (=0.000) of the tumor tissues were also greater in the experimental group. HIFU irradiation resulted in significantly greater changes in the gray scale of tumor (=0.0006) and larger coagulative necrosis volume (=0.0045) in the experimental group than in the control group, and the EEF was significantly smaller in the experimental group (=0.0134).@*CONCLUSIONS@# can cause changes in collagen fiber content, acoustic velocity and attenuation in the tumor tissue and reduce the EEF of HIFU irradiation, thereby improving the efficacy of HIFU irradiation.

Ultrasound-assisted ex vivo transdermal test of glucosamine sulfate solution / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the transdermal permeability of glucosamine sulfate solution across ex vivo rabbit dermis under ultrasound and optimize the ultrasound conditions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ultrasound-assisted transdermal permeation of glucosamine sulfate solution across ex vivo rabbit dermis was tested using a simple Franz diffuse. The transdermal permeation volume and rate were calculated by measuring the concentration of glucosamine sulfate in the receptor fluid with ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the impact of different sound intensities, irradiation time and solution concentration on solution permeation was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the ultrasound intensity of 0.2 W/cm(2), the permeation volume and rate of glucosamine sulfate both reached the maximum; no glucosamine sulfate was detected in the receptor fluid after a 5-min ultrasound irradiation. The permeation volume and rate of glucosamine sulfate increased as the irradiation time prolonged and also with increased glucosamine sulfate concentration. The dorsal and lateral skin thickness (2.0∓0.1 and 1.2∓0.1 mm, respectively) did not significantly affect the transdermal permeation of glucosamine sulfate (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ultrasound irradiation at 1.0 MHz for over 5 min allows glucosamine sulfate to permeate rabbit dermis, and the volume and rate of permeation increase with the irradiation time and concentration of the solution and are not affected by variations of the dermal thickness.</p>

Low frequency ultrasound promotes lactation in lactating rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of low-frequency ultrasound in promoting milk secretion in rats during lactation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four lactating SD rats feeding 10 suckling rats each were randomly allocated into 3 groups, namely the control group (with sham irradiation), 5 min group (with ultrasonic irradiation of the breast for 5 min daily), and 10 min group (irradiation for 10 min daily). The mammary glands of the rats were consistently irradiated by low-frequency ultrasound (40 kHz, 0.26 W/cm(2)) for 7 days since the 2nd day after delivery. The milk yield, average body weight gain of the offspring, mammary gland index, serum prolactin (PRL) and breast histology were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The milk yield, body weight gain of offspring, mammary gland index and serum PRL concentration in 10 min group were significantly greater than those in the control group and 5 min group (P<0.05). Compared with the other two groups, the 10 min group showed significantly increased acinar gland expansion and acinar number.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Low-frequency ultrasound can promote milk secretion in lactating rats, suggesting its potential as a new approach of physical therapy for promoting milk secretion.</p>

Introduction on the schools of the scalp acupuncture for treatment of the stroke hemiplegia / 中国针灸

Three representative schools of scalp acupuncture for the stroke hemiplegia such as Jiao's scalp acupuncture, Yu's scalp acupuncture and temporal three-needle are introduced and analyzed. Since the schools of scalp acupuncture are numerous and the bases of selection acupoints are complicated, it demands to determine the optimal needling acupoints by means of scientific research. Therefore, the selection acupoints would be adhering to scientific principles. The theoretical basis needs to be explored and studied further.

Observation on therapeutic effect of catgut implantation at acupoint on simple obesity of different syndrome types / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of catgut implantation at acupoint on simple obesity of different syndrome types, so as to understand the syndrome type most suitable to this therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using prospective and double blind method one hundred and thirty-seven cases were divided into a group of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency (n=30), a stomach heat-dampness stagnation group (n=30), a group of stagnation of liver qi (n=27), a group of deficiency of both spleen and kidney (n=26) and a group of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency (n=24). They were treated with catgut implantation at main acupoints Liangmen (ST 21), Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), Fenglong (ST 40) and adjuvant points selected according to different syndromes, once each week, 4 weeks constituting one course, for 2 courses. Changes of body weight, body mass index (BMI), circumferences of chest, waist and hip, and symptoms and signs before and after treatment were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the body weight, BMI, circumferences of waist and hip in the 5 groups had significant changes; the total effective rates in the group of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency, the stomach heat-dampness stagnation group, the group of stagnation of liver qi, the group of deficiency of both spleen and kidney deficiency, the group of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency were 83.3%, 93.3%, 48.2%, 69.2% and 41.70%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effect of catgut implantation at acupoints is the best for simple obesity of the stomach heat-dampness stagnation type and the worst for the type of endogenous heat due to yin deficiency.</p>

Effects of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma on the function of the vital organs in rats with pancreatitis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) on the function of the vital organs in rats with pancreatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acute pancreatitis (AP) was induced in 30 male SD rats by ductal injection of 4% sodium taurocholate at 1.0 ml/kg. The rats received subsequent intravenously injection of 0.3 mg/kg of PPARgamma ligand (rosiglitazone, n=10), PPARgamma antagonist (GW9662, n=10) followed 10 min later by rosiglitazone administration at 0.3 mg/kg, or left untreated (AP model group, n=10). Another 10 male SD rats receiving no particular treatment served as the control group. The rats were sacrificed 6 h after the operation, and blood samples were collected for measurement of the biochemical indices of the vital organs. The histological changes of the pancreas and portal vein blood endotoxin content were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rats in AP group and GW9662 group showed significantly higher level of the biochemical indices for the vital organs, pathological scores of the pancreas and portal vein blood endotoxin content were significantly higher in the control group and roglitazone-treated groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PPARgamma ligand roglitazone can significantly ameliorate multiple organ injuries and effectively protect the functions of the organs in rats with experimental pancreatitis.</p>

Isolation, purification and identification of epithelial cells derived from fetal islet-like cell clusters / 生物工程学报

The aim of this article is to provide methods for the isolation and identification of pancreatic stem cells and cell source for research and therapy of diabetes. ICCs were isolated by collagenase IV digesting and then cultured; epithelial cells were purified from monolayer cultured ICCs. The growth curve of the epithelial cells was measured by MTT. The expression of molecular markers in the cells was identified by immunohistochemical staining. The surface markers in the epithelial cells were analyzed by FACS. Epithelial cells were purified from isolated human fetal ICCs and passaged 40 times, and 10(6) - 10(8) cells were cryopreservated per passage. The growth curve demonstrated that the epithelial cells proliferated rapidly. The epithelial cells expressed PDX-1, PCNA, CK-7, CK-19, Nestin, Glut2, and Vimentin, but Insulin was undetected. The cells expressed CD29, CD44, and CD166, but did not express CD11a, CD14, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, and CD117. Taken together, these results indicate that self-renewable epithelial cells can be isolated and purified from human fetal pancreas. These also show that the epithelial cells originate from ducts and have the characteristics of pancreatic stem cells.

Roles of theaflavins in inflammatory airway mucus hypersecretion / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the roles of theaflavins(TFs) in airway mucus hypersecretion induced by human neutrophil elastase(HNE). Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma cell A549 was stimulated by HNE for mucus hypersecretion,and TF monomers(TF1,TF2 and TF3) were used for intervention.The effects of TF monomers on viability of A549 cells were examined by MTT method.After the effective doses of TFs were determined,A549 cells were divided into 4 groups for experiment.In control group,A549 cells were cultured with serum-free medium.In HNE treatment group,A549 cells were treated with HNE(50 nmol/L) for 24 h.In TF monomer intervention groups,A549 cells were pre-treated with TF1,TF2 or TF3(50,100 or 200 ?g/mL) for 24 h,and were then treated with HNE for another 24 h.In AG1478 intervention group,A549 cells were pre-treated with AG1478(5 ?mol/L),an epidermal growth factor receptor blocker for 30 min,and were then treated with HNE for another 24 h.The changes in mucin(MUC) after treatment by different doses of TF1,TF2 and TF3,and by TF3(200 ?g/mL) for different time(12 h,24 h and 36 h) were detected.The changes in MUC5AC mRNA expression and MUC5AC protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA,respectively. Results The MUC5AC mRNA expression and protein expression in HNE treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group(P