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Objective: To analyze the incidence characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020, provide scientific basis for formulating occupational disease prevention and control policies. Methods: In January 2021, based on the data of occupational diseases in Guangzhou reported in the Information Monitoring System of Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health, descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the types and characteristics of occupational diseases in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2020. Results: A total of 1341 cases of 38 kinds of occupational diseases in 9 categories were reported in the past 11 years. The incidence of occupational pneumoconiosis, occupational otolaryngology and oral diseases and occupational chemical poisoning ranked the top three, accounting for 38.1% (511/1341) , 30.5% (409/1341) and 16.2% (217/1341) of the total cases respectively. The cases of pneumoconiosis in welders and silicosis accounted for 47.7% (244/511) and 34.4% (176/511) of the cases of occupational pneumoconiosis respectively. The cases of noise deafness accounted for 99.8% (408/409) of occupational otorhinolaryngology oral diseases. Acute occupational chemical poisoning cases accounted for 26.7% (58/217) of the occupational chemical poisoning cases, in which dichloroethane poisoning cases ranked the first, accounting for 79.3% (46/58) . Chronic occupational chemical poisoning cases accounted for 73.3% (159/217) of the occupational poisoning cases, in which benzene and lead poisoning cases ranked the top two, accounting for 79.2% (126/159) and 17.6% (28/159) respectively. Conclusion: Pneumoconiosis, silicosis, noise deafness, benzene poisoning, lead poisoning, dichloroethane poisoning should be supervised and managed as key occupational diseases in Guangzhou.
Subject(s)
Humans , Benzene , China/epidemiology , Deafness , Ethylene Dichlorides , Incidence , Lead Poisoning , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Pneumoconiosis/epidemiology , SilicosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish an indicator system for risk assessment on occupational dust hazards and verify its application. METHODS: Using Delphi method,two rounds of investigation were made from 30 experts who work on frontline occupational health. The indicator system for risk assessment was established based on the investigation,statistics and boundary value,in fully consideration with the interaction of three basic elements of“dust inherent characteristics-laborers factors-influencing factors”. The indicator system was applied to evaluate the risk of 90 workplaces in the presence of dust occupational risk factors. RESULTS: The positive coefficient of experts' opinion was 90%,and the coefficient of experts' authority was 0. 808. The coefficient of experts' consensus was 0. 50( χ~2= 120. 56,P < 0. 01). The indicator system for risk assessment on occupational hazards of dust factors has been successfully established. This system included three class A indicators,nine class B indicators and twenty-eight class C indicators. The total coincidence rate of assessments on the risk level of occupational dust hazards of workplaces was 60%( Kappa = 0. 452,P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: This indicator system was objective,scientific and feasible,and could reflect the actual levels of occupational dust hazards.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the sentinel surveillance status of occupational hazards in Guangzhou manufacturing enterprises. METHODS: The stratified random sampling method was used to extract manufacturing enterprises with serious occupational hazard as sentinel enterprises in Guangzhou,2012-2014. The dynamic changes of samples were analyzed based on the sampling monitoring of occupational hazards. RESULTS: From 2012 to 2014,a total of 8 639 occupational hazard sample sites from 577 sentinel enterprises included in 11 kinds of industries were tested and the total over-standard rate was 7. 41%( 640 /8 639). The over-standard rate in these 3 years showed an increasing tendency each year( P <0. 01). The over-standard rates in different kinds of occupational hazard factors from high to low were physical factors,dust factor,inorganic chemistry factors and organic chemistry factors( P < 0. 01). The over-standard rates of occupational hazard factors in different industries from high to low were ship building,construction material,glass gem,wooden furniture,machinery manufacturing,other industries,storage battery,printing and packaging,the chemical,leather bags and shoes and electronic equipment manufacturing industry( P < 0. 01). The over-standard rates of occupational hazard factors in different scales from high to low were medium-sized,large-sized,small-sized and micro-sized enterprises( P <0. 01). CONCLUSION: Guangzhou City should carry on sentinel surveillance work on occupational hazards on factors of physical,dust and inorganic chemistry in key industries such as ship building,construction materials,glass gem,wood furniture and machinery manufacturing,especially in the large and medium-sized enterprises.
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Objective To explore the impact of lifestyle-related,physiological and biochemical factors on aortic arch calcification(AAC).Methods 20 430 subjects aged 50 to 85 years were included in this study from the first and second recruitment phase of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.All the subjects received face-to-face interviews to collect detailed information on their socio-demographic background,occupational exposures,living environment,lifestyle,family and personal disease histories,and received a physical examination and tests including 12-lead ECG,chest radiograph,and pulmonary function testing.Each subject was screened for a range of fasting biochemical parameters.Radiographs were reviewed by two senior radiologists.300 radiographs were independently read by the two radiologists to assess agreement using Kappa coefficient.Logistic regression was used to assess the association between life style,physiological and biocheroical factors and AAC.Resuits (1)The rate of agreement on diagnosis for the two radiologists was 85% and Kappa coefficient was 0.68(P<0.01) which showed a moderate agreementbetween the two radiologists.(2) Except hypertension,the subjects were significantly difierent on their lifestyle,physiological and biochemical factors in both men and women(P<0.05).(3)AAC was significantly associated with older age,smoking status,LDL-C,and hypertension(P<0.01)in both genders.Ors(95%CI)indicated the following results:age was 1.11(1.10-1.12) in men and 1.12 (1.12-1.13)in women;smoking as 1.31(1.17-1.47)in men and 1.31(1.09-1.57)in women;LDL-Cas 1.16(1.06-1.27) in men and 1.38(1.22-1.56) in women,hypertension as 1.33(1.18-1.50) in men and 1.27(1.18-1.38) in women.However,diabetes was found to be associated with an increased risk of AAC in women[OR(95%CI)]1.38(1.22-1.56).Conclusion Age,smoking,hypertension and Low-density lipoprotcin level were risk factors to beth genders,on AAC,while diabetes increased the risk of AAC,in women.