ABSTRACT
Alpha[1]-adrenoceptor blocking agents showed several effects beyond their action on the vascular smooth muscles. They improve the lipid profile and inhibit the aggregation of blood platelets. To investigate the clot-lysis effect of selective alpha[1]-adrenoceptor antagonists and its relation to peroxynitrite level in vitro experimental model. Venous blood samples obtained from ten healthy subjects. To each pre-weighed clot, 100 micro L of either distilled water as a negative control, prazosin [10 micro g], terazosin [20 micro g] and alfuzosin [25 micro g] were added. Peroxynitrite level was measured in sera and sangious fluid that formed after clot-lysis. Prazosin, terazosin and alfuzosinjn order, significantly reduced the clot weight up to 3.7%. Peroxynitrite level in sangious fluids was higher in treated groups than that of negative control or sera levels. Alpha[1]-adrenoceptor antagonists induced clot-lysis effect. This effect is associated with generation peroxynitrite
Subject(s)
Humans , Peroxynitrous Acid , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Prazosin , QuinazolinesABSTRACT
The instructions of the manufacturer showed that metronidazole infusion solution [5mg/mL] is incompatible with few drugs. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical compatibilities of metronidazole infusion with commonly used intravenously administered physiological solutions. Metronidazole injection in a commercially available concentration of 5mg/mL was mixed with 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% glucose saline or Ringer's solution in the infused bottle or during simulated Y-site injection, metronidazole was examined physically by visual inspection and chemically by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer analysis. Adsorption of metronidazole to intravenous administration sets without inline filters was also studied. Furthermore, the compatibility of metronidazole with some drugs related to beta-lactams was studied. Physical incompatibility was determined by visual inspection against a black-and-white background, and chemical incompatibility was measured by a stability-indicating UV-visible spectrophotometer assay for metronidazole. The absorbance magnitude [O.D] recorded by UV-visible spectrophotometer showed differences in respect to the infused solutions as well as to the admixed physiological solutions. Moreover, metronidazole is incompatible with Co-amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, and cefepime. It is concluded that metronidazole infusion should be separately infused, not admixed with physiological solutions and avoided its combination with beta lactams