Survival analysis of patients with subglottic squamous cell carcinoma based on the SEER database

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinicopathological characteristics, and survival outcomes of subglottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methods: Demographic and clinicopathological information, including age, sex, race, tumor size, histologic grade, clinical/TNM stage, tumor invasion extent, Lymph Node Metastasis (LNM) extent, size of metastatic lymph nodes, LNM ratio and treatment data, of 842 subglottic SCC patients diagnosed between 1996 and 2016 were acquired. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to assess the effects of clinicopathological characteristics, treatment modalities, surgical procedures, and adjuvant therapies on overall survival and cancer-specific survival. Results: Subglottic SCC was more frequent among males aged 60-70 years, with low-grade but locally advanced lesions without local or distant metastases. Age and several primary tumor/LNM related variables were independent risk factors for overall survival and cancer specific survival. Advanced-stage and high-grade disease led to unfavorable prognosis. The most common treatment modality and surgical procedure were surgery plus radiotherapy and total laryngectomy, respectively. Surgery plus radiotherapy provided favorable 5-year survival outcomes, while total laryngectomy had the worst. Surgery plus adjuvant therapy showed better survival outcomes than surgery alone. Conclusion: This study confirmed the rarity of subglottic SCC. Patients with subglottic SCCs suffered poor prognosis especially for those with advanced-stage or high-grade lesions. The prognosis of subglottic SCC remained poor over the years, despite recent progress in cancer therapies. Surgery plus adjuvant therapy improved the survival outcome. Although larynx preservation surgery was beneficial for early-stage disease, total laryngectomy was favored for patients with advanced tumors. Level of evidence: Level 4.

A comparative study on physical fitness of primary and secondary school students in Maonan Ethnic Areas in 2014 and 2019 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To provide reference for the overall education of Maonan primary and secondary school students by understanding the physical status.@*Methods@#Physical fitness test were administered in 1 107 boys and 1 236 girls in 2014,as well as 1 130 boys and 1 308 girls in 2019 of Maonan Nationality aged from 7 to 18 years old.@*Results@#Compared with 2014, the height of boys and girls aged 7-18 increased by 1.5 cm and 1.1 cm on average in 2019, and there were differences in boys height among 6 age groups ( P <0.05) and girls height among 5 age groups( P <0.05). The increase of vital capacity was 126 mL, and there were differences in the vital capacity of boys in 10 ages ( P <0.05) and girls in 11 age groups( P <0.05). The results of 50 m running are improved by 0.2 s and 0.4 s on average. There are differences in 7 ages of boys 50 m running results ( P <0.05), and there are differences in 11 age groups of girls 50 m running results( P <0.05). The average 1 000 m score of male students increased by 3.7 s, and there were differences among 4 age groups( P <0.05). The average 800 m score of female students increased by 12.8 s, and there were differences among 4 age groups( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Maonan primary and secondary school students body shape, physical function and sports quality are on the rise as a whole, and fluctuate in some age groups.

Survey study on the classification methods of TCM ancient books / 国际中医中药杂志

The surveys of the number of TCM ancient books, the bibliography classification methods, the bibliography publication, the bibliography network sharing and access, the evaluation of the classification method of subject bibliography on TCM ancient books and the relevant opinions and suggestions were sent to 30 TCM libraries and 24 comprehensive libraries in China. The questionnaires’ data and responses were analyzed, in order to understand the classification methods of TCM ancient books, the use situation, and the needs in the classification and cataloging work. The results showed that compared with the comprehensive libraries, the collection of TCM ancient books were concentrated in TCM libraries, the classification methods for TCM libraries were seldomly reported, and the classification methods were mainly self-compiled. Thus, the uniformity of the classification methods was poor, and there was also a significant gap in the standardization of the bibliography arrangement in TCM libraries. The result recommended that the domestic library industry urgently needed a unified and standardized classification for TCM ancient books. It was significant for promoting the sharing and exchange of TCM ancient books, promoting the standardization process of TCM information, and promoting the efficient implementation of Zhonghua Yizang compilation project.

Fuzi Polysaccharide Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification via Ceramide Signaling / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】The aim of this study is to investigate whether Fuzi polysaccharide（FPS）inhibits calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells（VSMC）and its underlying mechanism involving ceramide signaling.【Methods】We used Ox- LDL to induce in vitro model of human VSMC calcification in this study. FPS at different concentrations was used to treat human VSMC. Cell calcification was assessed by alizarin red staining. The mRNA expressions of osteogenic differentiation markers including Msx2，Osterix and BMP2，and contractile marker SMA were analyzed by qRT- PCR. The protein expressions of Msx2 and BMP2 were analyzed by western blot. Cell apoptosis was examined by TUNEL. Additionally，we investigated the effect of FPS on ceramide levels and N- SMase activity in VSMC. 【Results】We found that FPS inhibits Ox- LDL- induced VSMC apoptosis and calcification. Ceramide participates in Ox- LDL- induced apoptosis and calcification of VSMC. FPS reduces N- SMase activity and ceramide levels in Ox- LDL- treated VSMC. Collectively ， reducing N-SMase activity and ceramide levels could become a promising strategy for the treatment of vascular calcification.【Conclusion】We demonstrate that FPS attenuates VSMC calcification via targeting ceramide signaling.

Influence of thread shapes of custommade root-analogue implants on stress distribution of peri-implant bone: A three-dimensional finite element analysis / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects from the thread shapes of custom-made root-analogue implant (RAI) on distributions of von Mises stress around the peri-implant bone.@*METHODS@#Five one-stage RAI three-dimensional finite element (FE) models with different thread shapes (V-shaped design, square design, buttress design, reverse buttress design and none thread design) and congruent bone were created through reverse engineering technology. The data of the five models were imported into the FE analysis software to calculate. A force of 100 N was applied parallelly and of 45° to the implant axis respectively. Analysis was performed to evaluate the von Mises stress distributions at the peri-implant regions with the help of the Ansys 16 software.@*RESULTS@#The von Mises stresses distributed mostly at the implant cervical regions and the tip ends of the threads on the cortical bone under oblique loading, while on the cancellous bone, the stresses concentrated mostly on the implant lateral cervical regions, the tip ends of the threads and the apical regions. When under vertical loading, the von Mises stresses distributed mostly at the implant cervical regions on the cortical bone while at the tip ends of the threads and the lateral apical regions on the cancellous bone. The von Mises stresses were better distributed on the thread groups under both kinds of loadings compared with no thread design. But there was no obvious difference among the different thread groups. The concentrations of the von Mises stresses on the cancellous bone in the thread groups were mostly at the tip ends of the threads while less in the apical area. The von Mises stresses were better distributed on the cancellous bone on the other three thread designs than on square design.@*CONCLUSION@#Thread designs are advocated for the reason that adding thread designs to the RAI standard design will have a positive effect on stress distributions at the peri-implant regions and it will reduce the concentrations of von Mises stresses on the cortical bone. From the standpoint of the stress distribution, V-shaped design, buttress design and reverse buttress design are more suitable for RAI than square design. There is no difference of the distributions of the von Mises stresses in the RAI between different thread designs.

Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects in children using a Wire-Drifting Technique

OBJECTIVE: Explore the feasibility and safety of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects using a wire-drifting technique (WT) in children. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 121 pediatric patients diagnosed with perimembranous ventricular septal defects who underwent interventional treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from Dec 2011 to Dec 2014. Based on the method used for arteriovenous loop establishment during the procedure, the patients were divided into a conventional technique (CT) group and a WT group. RESULTS: In total, 51 of the 53 patients (96.2%) in the CT group and 66 of the 68 patients (97.1%) in the WT group achieved procedural success, with no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The CT group showed a nonsignificantly higher one-time success rate of arteriovenous loop establishment (94.3% vs. 91.2%, p>0.05). The procedure time was 46.0 (14.0) min and 46.5 (10.0) min in the CT and WT groups, respectively. The CT procedure was discontinued in the 2 cases (3.8%) of intraprocedural atrioventricular block in the CT group. In the one case (1.9%) of postprocedural atrioventricular block in the CT group, a permanent pacemaker was implanted to resolve third-degree atrioventricular block three months after the procedure. In the WT group, no cases of intraprocedural atrioventricular block occurred, and one case (1.5%) of postprocedural atrioventricular block occurred. In this case, intravenous dexamethasone injection for three days returned the sinus rhythm to normal. Aggravated mild to moderate tricuspid regurgitation was observed in 2 patients (3.8%) in the CT group during the 2-year follow-up period; aggravated tricuspid regurgitation was not observed in the WT group. During the 2-year follow-up period, there was no evidence of residual shunting in either group. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects with the WT is safe and effective in children.

High glucose suppresses the corneal limbal stem cell migration and changes the cell phenotype / 眼科新进展

Objeetive To explore the influence of extracellular high glucose on the proliferation,migration and biomarkers of corneal limbal stem cells.Methods Establishment of a model of high glucose in cultured human limbal stem cells to observe and investigate the effects of extracellular high glucose on the proliferation and migration of corneal limbal stem cells by immunoflurescence,CCK-8 and Transwell assay,respectively.Totally 16 SPF rats were collected and induced diabetic model by streptozotocin as the high-glucose group,and the normal rats of the same age served as the control group.Corneal epidermises of rats in both groups were scraped to observe the repair of corneal epithelium.And the corneas were treated with HE staining and immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of biomarkers of corneal limbal stem cells and the modality changes of cells.Results The proliferation rate of human limbal epithelial cells was significantly decreased when exposed to high glucose,and the rate at 24 h,48 h and 72 h was 0.728,0.345 and 0.395,respectively,which was markedly lower than that in the control group,with a significant difference (P ＜ 0.05);meanwhile the cell migration rate of the high-glucose group was 17.6％ at 48 h,which was significantly slower than that of the control group (100％).And the inhibition was accompanied by the decreased expression of β-catenin and vimentin.Furthermore,the expression levels of β-catenin and vimentin mRNA and protein were down-regulated,with abnormal location,in the high-glucose group.And diabetic rats had poor corneal epithelial healing.The epithelial layer became thinner and the structures were disorganized in diabetic rats through HE staining.The immunohistochemical assay revealed the expression of β-catenin and vimentin of cornea limbal stem cells was down-regulated in high-glocose group when compared with the control group.Conclusion High glucose can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of cornea limbal stem cells,and its main damage mechanism is correlated with the abnormalities of β-catenin and vimentin.

A study of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel simulating human vitreous body / 眼科新进展

Objective To screen a kind of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel with similar physical properties to human vitreous body as to provide basis for exploring new vitreous substitutes.Methods Different concentrations (1％,3％,7％) PVA solution were crosslinked by γ-irradiation (Co60),and 1％,3％ and 7％ PVA hydrogels were harvested.Then PVA hydrogels with similar properties to natural vitreous were screened by detecting the physical and optical properties (density,water content,light transmittance,refractive index,pH value,swelling property) and rheological properties and cytotoxicity of PVA hydrogels.Results As for the physical and optical properties of the hydrogels,the water content,refractive index,light transmittance,pH value and density of 1％,3％ and 7％ PVA hydrogel was 98.90％ vs.98.10％ vs.93.50％,1.335 5 vs.1.336 1 vs.1.342 5,94.80％ vs.93.20％ vs.88.20％,7.22 vs.7.25 vs.7.41 and 1003.9 g · L-1d vs.1014.4 g · L-1 vs.1114.7 g · L-1,respectively.Finally,1％ and 3％PVA hydrogels had the similar physical and optical properties to the human vitreous.As for rheological properties,the storage modulus (G') of the three PVA hydrogels was larger than the loss modulus (G"),indicating that these three hydrogels were viscoelastic gel,and the elastic properties was greater than the viscosity.1％ PVA:G'was (3.2 ±1.1)Pa,G" was (0.8 ±0.5)Pa;3％ PVA:G'was (6.1 ± 1.3)Pa,G" was (1.3 ±0.9)Pa;7％ PVA:G'was (106.5 ± 18.6) Pa and G" was (18.3 ± 12.8) Pa.According to resilience,the hydrogels can be ranked as follows:7％ PVA ＞ 3％ PVA ＞ 1％ PVA;in terms of creep,3％ PVA ＞ 7％ PVA ＞ 1％ PVA.Additionally,MTT colorimetric assay showed that there was no significant difference in A values among the three groups by cells culture in 1％,3％ and 7％ PVA for 72 hours (all P ＞0.05),suggesting that all the three hydrogels showed no obvious cytotoxicity and had good biocompatibility.Conelusion 3％ PVA hydrogel has similar optical,physical and rheological properties to the human vitreous,and shows good biocompatibility,which can be one of vitreous substitutes.

Research progress for NT-proBNP application in heart failure / 心血管康复医学杂志

Various cardiovascular diseases may lead to heart failure (HF), however, traditional indexes are affected by too many subjective factors so they cannot reflect HF severity objectively. Half-life period of N terminal pro Btype natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is longer than brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which may benefit HF detection. The present article made a review on research progress for NT-proBNP application in HF.

nSMase2/ceramide Regulates High Calcium and Phosphate-Induced Osteogenic Differentiation and Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective] Vascular calcification is a gene-regulated biological process similar to bone formation.It is very common in the patients with chronic kidney disease.Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) is a key regulator of bone development,and is responsible for ceramide generation through sphingomyelin hydrolysis,but the role of nSMase2 in vascular calcification remains unclear.The aim of this study is to determine whether nSMase2 regulates high calcium and phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC).[Methods] In vitro model of human VSMC calcification was used in this study and high calcium and phosphate were used to induce calcification of VSMCs.GW4869 was used to inhibit nSMase2 activity and nSMase2 was knockdowned in cultured VSMC using nSMase2 siRNA.The expression of Runx2,BMP2 and Osterix was analyzed by qRT-PCR and calcification was assessed by alizarin red staining.[Results] We found that nSMase2 expression and ceramide levels were increased in the process of VSMC calcification (P＜0.05).Inhibition of nSMase2 activity by GW4869 and knockdown of nSMase2 attenuated high calcium and phosphate-induced VSMC calcification and down-regulated the expression level of Runx2,BMP2 and Osterix (P＜0.05).By contrast,ceramide accelerated rat VSMC calcification and increased ALP activity (P＜0.05).[Conclusion] We demonstrate that nSMase2/ceramide promotes high calcium and phosphate-induced VSMC calcification,suggesting that nSMase2/ceramide could participate in the progression of vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Preparation of hispidulin chitosan microsphere and its antiproliferation effect / 中国中药杂志

Hispidulin(HPDL) chitosan microspheres were prepared in this study to deliver HPDL to the lesion sitevia intravenous injection, and further evaluate their anticancer effects in vitro and the growth inhibition effect on A549 cells spheroids. HPDL chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsion crosslinking method with chitosan as a drug carrier and the amount of HPDL was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The morphology of microspheres was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope. Additionally, the drug release amount of targeting microspheres was detected by dialysis method. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effects against A549 lung cancer cells were tested by sulforhodamine B (SRB) method, and the effects of HPDL chitosan micrpsphereson early apoptosis of A549 cellswere determined by flow cytometry. A549 cells tumor spheroids were developed in vitro and then HPDL chitosan microspheres were added. On the 0, 1, 3, 7 d after adding the drugs, the inverted microscope was used to observe the mythologicaland volume changes of A549 cells spheroids. The encapsulation efficiency of HPDL chitosan microspheres was （75.32±0.52）%, and the drug loading amount was （7.76±0.67）%. Meanwhile, the microspheres were round shaped andhad smooth surface. The HPDL chitosan microspheres exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on A549 lung cancer cells. The results of flow cytometry indicated that, the early apoptosis rate of lung cancer A549 cells was （37.0±0.75）% at 24 h cells culture after drug administration. The volume of tumor spheroid was significantly inhibited, which had been shrunk by (50.09±11.06)% after the treatment by drug-loaded microsphere at day 7 as compared with blank group; meanwhile, the cells surface were obviously lysed. The preparation method in this research was simple and practicable, and the microspheres prepared with this method were round and smooth, with high encapsulation efficiency, which can significantly inhibit proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and induce cell apoptosis, and at the same time can cause lysisand death of A549 cell tumor spheroid.

Accuracy Assessment of Three-dimensional Surface Reconstructions of In vivo Teeth from Cone-beam Computed Tomography / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been particularly important in dentistry, which will affect the effectiveness of diagnosis, treatment plan, and outcome in clinical practice. The aims of this study were to assess the linear, volumetric, and geometric accuracy of 3D reconstructions from CBCT and to investigate the influence of voxel size and CBCT system on the reconstructions results.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty teeth from 18 orthodontic patients were assigned to three groups as NewTom VG 0.15 mm group (NewTom VG; voxel size: 0.15 mm; n = 17), NewTom VG 0.30 mm group (NewTom VG; voxel size: 0.30 mm; n = 16), and VATECH DCTPRO 0.30 mm group (VATECH DCTPRO; voxel size: 0.30 mm; n = 17). The 3D reconstruction models of the teeth were segmented from CBCT data manually using Mimics 18.0 (Materialise Dental, Leuven, Belgium), and the extracted teeth were scanned by 3Shape optical scanner (3Shape A/S, Denmark). Linear and volumetric deviations were separately assessed by comparing the length and volume of the 3D reconstruction model with physical measurement by paired t- test. Geometric deviations were assessed by the root mean square value of the imposed 3D reconstruction and optical models by one-sample t-test. To assess the influence of voxel size and CBCT system on 3D reconstruction, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used (μ = 0.05).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear, volumetric, and geometric deviations were -0.03 ± 0.48 mm, -5.4 ± 2.8%, and 0.117 ± 0.018 mm for NewTom VG 0.15 mm group; -0.45 ± 0.42 mm, -4.5 ± 3.4%, and 0.116 ± 0.014 mm for NewTom VG 0.30 mm group; and -0.93 ± 0.40 mm, -4.8 ± 5.1%, and 0.194 ± 0.117 mm for VATECH DCTPRO 0.30 mm group, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between groups in terms of linear measurement (P < 0.001), but no significant difference in terms of volumetric measurement (P = 0.774). No statistically significant difference were found on geometric measurement between NewTom VG 0.15 mm and NewTom VG 0.30 mm groups (P = 0.999) while a significant difference was found between VATECH DCTPRO 0.30 mm and NewTom VG 0.30 mm groups (P = 0.006).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The 3D reconstruction from CBCT data can achieve a high linear, volumetric, and geometric accuracy. Increasing voxel resolution from 0.30 to 0.15 mm does not result in increased accuracy of 3D tooth reconstruction while different systems can affect the accuracy.</p>

A new biflavone from Dysosma versipellis / 药学学报

This study was conducted to investigate the chemical constituents in the root of Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng. The constituents were isolated by silica gel, lichroprep RP-C18 and pharmadex LH-20 column chromatography and the IR, MS, NMR, 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis were employed for the structural elucidation. Ten compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of Dysosma versipellis, their structures were elucidated as dysoverine D (1), dysoverine F (2), dysoverine A (3), podoverine A (4), α-peltatin (5), rutin (6), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), kaempferol (9) and quercetin (10). Compound 2 is a new compound, and compounds 1 and 3-6 were isolated from this plant fo r the first time.

High glucose promotes vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by activating WNT signaling pathway / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether high glucose-induced vascular calcification is associated with WNT signaling pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An in vitro model of human vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification was induced by exposure of the cells to high glucose. The expressions of WNT signal molecules and bone-related proteins including Cbfa1, Osx, OCN and BMP2 were analyzed with qRT-PCR, and the cell calcification was assessed by alizarin red staining. The effect of Dkk1, a WNT signaling inhibitor, on high glucose-induced cell calcification was tested with alizarin red staining and calcium content analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High glucose activated WNT signaling pathway in human VSMCs by up-regulating the expressions of WNT signal molecules including Wnt3a, Wnt7a, Fzd4 and Wisp1 mRNA by 1.86, 1.68, 2.1, and 2.3 folds, respectively, and by promoting the phosphorylation of β-catenin (2.70∓0.22, P<0.05), a key mediator of WNT signaling pathway. Inhibition of WNT signaling pathway by Dkk1 attenuated high glucose-induced VSMC calcification and down-regulated the expression of bone-related proteins Cbfa1, Osx, OCN, and BMP2 by (51∓9)%, (58∓11)%, (56∓10)%, and (62∓10)% (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>WNT signaling pathway is involved in high glucose-induced VSMC calcification.</p>

Clinical features of Kennedy disease with secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and glutaric aciduria typeⅡ(report of 1 case) / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of Kennedy disease with secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and glutaric aciduria typeⅡ.Methods The clinical data of 1 case Kennedy disease with secondary mitochondrial dysfunction and glutaric aciduria typeⅡwas retrospectively analyzed.Results The patient presented muscle weakness in proximal limbs, fasciculation, bulbar palsy, amyotrophy, postural tremor, sensory disturbance, gynaecomastia, impotency.The level of serum creatine kinase and urinary glutaric acid were elevated. Electromyogram and nerve and muscle biopsy supported mixed damage in peripheral nerves, as well as neurogenic and secondary myogenic pathologic changes in muscles.Gene sequencing indicated trinucleotide CAG repeated amplification for 47 times in chromosome X.Diabetes was diagnosed at 7 years after onset.Conclusions The pathogenesis of Kennedy disease is very complex, which may involve myogenic factor.The treatment to the secondary mitochondrial and lipid metabolic disturbance in muscle can improve the muscle weakness to a certain extent.

Effect of FTY720 inhibiting corneal neovascularition induced by sphingosine 1-phosphate / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AlM: To explore the inhibiting effect of FTY720 on corneal neovascularization ( CNV) of rat.METHODS: MTT assay and cells scratch were adopted to observe hyperplasia of human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs ) and cell migration induced by sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P) after using FTY720 of different concentration. The effect of FTY720 on CNV induced by S1P in a rat corneal micropocket model was detected. 30SD rats were randomly divided into group A, group B and group C with 10 rats per group. S1P and 0μg, 5μg, and 20μg FTY720 controlled-released particles were implanted into the corneal stroma. The growth of CNV and having pathological examination on 12d after the operation was observed. Findings was analyzed by one-way ANOVA.RESULTS: 10, 102 , 103 , and 104 nmol/L FTY720 and HUVECs co-incubate 72h could inhibit cell proliferation (P < 0. 01 ), 24h after the function of 10, 100nmol/L FTY720, it could inhibit S1P-induced cell migration and the ability of restricting cell proliferation and cell migration was enhanced with increasing concentration of FTY720. On 12d, after rat corneal micropocket controlled-release particles was implanted into groups A, B, C, the CNV area were respectively 10. 05±1. 19, 6. 59±0. 95, 2. 70± 0.68mm2(F=145. 155, P<0. 01), group A and group B was statistically different and this was the same case between group B and group C (P<0. 01).CONCLUSlON:FTY720 can inhibit S1P-induced corneal neovascularization.

Concentration change of TGF -β 1 in aqueous humor of rabbits

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the influence of the the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) eye drops on rabbit aqueous humor TGF-β1 concentration, and to analyze the best drug concentration.@*METHODS@#A total of 30 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 in each. Rabits in control group had PBS eye drops, group A, B, C, D adopted TGF-β1 eye drops at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mg/L, respectively, 4 times a day. Aqueous humor of right eye was extracted 1 week after administration to detect concentration changes of TGF-β1 by ELISA; rabbits in fpur hroups adopted 2.0 mg/L eye drops to left eyes 4 times a day, 0.2 mL aqueous humor was extracted left eye at the scheduled time point 0, 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h for testing, the slit lamp was used to observe the cornea, chamber and lens.@*RESULTS@#No obvious pathological changes in conjunctiva, cornea, rabbit conjunctival, anterior chamber, and the lens was found. Concentration of TGF-β1 in rabbit aqueous humor in C, D group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TGF-β1 eye drops at 2.0 mg/L, 4.0 mg/L can significantly increase concentration of TGF-β1 in rabbit aqueous humor, withe good ocular surfac permeability.

A novel mutation in the translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 homolog A gene in a family with Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To report the clinical and genetic features in a family with Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome (MTS).Methods After collecting clinical data of the family,visual and auditory evoked potentials,pure tone audiometry,transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion product otoacoustic emissions were carried out in proband (Ⅲ5).The translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 homolog A (TIMM8A) gene was sequenced in proband,Ⅰ2,Ⅱ 4 and Ⅱ 6.Results Ⅲ5,a 15-year-old boy presented with deafness,slurred speech,difficulty in finger extension and dystonia gradually since 2 years old.Ⅲ1,Ⅲ 2 and Ⅲ 3 presented with deafness at the age of 2.Ⅰ 2,Ⅱ 2,Ⅱ 4 and Ⅱ 6 showed mild decreased visual acuity at the age of 12.Visual evoked potentials revealed prolonged P100 latency in both eyes.Pure tone audiometry revealed severe sensorineural hearing loss.The auditory evoked potentials showed no wave in the bilateral ears.Otoacoustic emissions were not elicited bilaterally.A novel c.133-2delA mutation in TIMM8A gene was identified in Ⅲ 5,Ⅰ2,Ⅱ 4 and Ⅱ 6.Conclusions We confirm the MTS caused by a novel c.133-2delA mutation in TIMM8A gene.Except for the deafness,the development of other symptoms of the disease vary obviously from case to case in the same family.The female carriers with mild lesion of optic nerves.

Preconditioning of stem cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Poor stem cell survival is one of the obstacles for cell regeneration therapy post myocardial infarction (MI) and responsible for unsatisfactory therapeutic effectiveness. Various approaches to improve the status of these cells and increase cell survival have become research foci. The following article is a mini-review on the utilization of cell preconditioning for stem cell survival.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>The data used in this review were mainly from the articles in Medline and PubMed published from 1990 to 2010. The search terms included "preconditioning, stem cell and myocardial infarction".</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>Original articles and critical reviews selected were relevant to the review's theme.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The harsh ischemic and inflammatory microenvironment in the infarcted myocardium offers a significant challenge to the transplanted donor stem cells. Survival of stem cells following transplantation is affected by many factors, such as limited blood supply, nutritional deficiency, hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Preconditioning methods have potent cytoprotective effects, which enables cells to maintain a "standby state" through programmed initiation of cell survival pathways.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The findings suggest that cell preconditioning can be used as an effective anti-apoptotic strategy and enable cells to withstand and survive the harsh environment after transplantation.</p>

Preliminary study of the relationship between tumor like Sjögren's syndrome and malignant lymphoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of tumor like Sjögren's syndrome (TLSS) patients and non-tumor like Sjögren's syndrome (NTLSS) and the incidence of lymphoma in patients of Sjögren's syndrome (SS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was carried out in 199 primary SS (including TLSS) patients who were recruited in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from 1998 to 2010. Clinical and laboratory information were collected. The patients were divided into two groups: TLSS (n = 25) and NTLSS (n = 174). Clinical and laboratory characteristics were compared between these two groups by a statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 25 TLSS patients, 23 had enlargements of parotid glands and 2 had enlargements of submandibular glands. There were significant differences of salivary scintigraphy appearance (P = 0.018), hypergammaglobulinemia (P = 0.014), rheumatoid factor positive rate (P = 0.001), formation of the ectopic germinal centers (P = 0.014), double positive rate of anti-SSA antibody and anti-SSB antibody (P < 0.001) between the TLSS and NTLSS patients. Among the 25 TLSS patients, 3 developed lymphomas, accounting for 1.5% (3/199) of the total 199 patients and 12% (3/25) of the TLSS patients. Lymphoma subtypes included one diffused large B-cell lymphoma and two mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. There was no lymphoma detected in NTLSS patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are clinical and laboratory differences between TLSS and NTLSS patients, with a more tendency to develop lymphomas in TLSS patients.</p>