Detection of levels of CD19+ and CD20+ of B-lymphocytes and expression of natural killer cells in the peripheral blood of epileptic children and their significances / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To detect the expressions of CD19 and CD20 of B-lymphocytes (CD19+B, CD20+B) and natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood of epileptic children and explore their significances. Methods Four hundred and fifty-eight epileptic children, admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to December 2010, were chosen as patient group; another 52 healthy subjects were chosen as controls. The expressions of CD19+B and CD20+B and NK cells were detected by flow cytometry; their results were compared. Ninety-two epileptic children were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and the effect of IVIG therapy was studied. Results The CD19+B level ([22.35±6.54]％) and CD20+B level ([21.50±8.41]％) in the epileptic children were obviously higher than those in the healthy controls ([16.86±4.02)％,[16.13±4.19]％, P＜0.05); and the level of NK cells ([9.1 1±4.90]％) in the epileptic children was significantly decreased as compared with that in the healthy controls ([14.72±4.15]％, P＜0.05). The CD19+B level ([18.26±5.03]％) and CD20+B level ([16.74±5.12]％) 6months after MG treatment were decreased significantly as compared with those before treatment ([22.74±6.25]％,[21.61±8.03]％, P＜0.05]; while the level of NK cells ([14.65±4.58]％) 6 months after IVIG treatment was increased significantly as compared with that before treatment ([9.07±4.76]％,P＜0.05). Among the 92 patients treated with IVIG, 70 enjoyed good results and 22 had non-effective resutls; The changesofCD19+Blevel ([7.99±5.34]％) and CD20+B ([8.21±5.21]％) before and after treatment in effectively treated patients by IVIG were significantly different as compared with those in ineffectively treated patients by MG ([3.78±2.76]％,[3.66±2.48]％, P＜0.05); however, the changes of level of NK cells before and after treatment showed no significant difference between effectively treated patients and ineffectively treated patients ([5.28±4.55]％,[4.53％±4.43]％, P＞0.05). Conclusion Dysfunctions of B-lymphocytes and NK cells exist in epileptic children, and MG treatment shows good effect on immune dysfunction of them. The levels of CD19-B and CD20-B can be used as monitoring indicators in the IVIG treatment of epileptic children.

Effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker on glucose-induced mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in rat mesangial cells / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The decreased degradation of extra-cellular matrix proteins plays an important role in the onset of diabetic nephropathy. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), which are members of the matrix metalloproteinase family, are associated with this process. Angiotensin II (AII) plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy also. This research aimed to investigate the effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker on glucose-induced mRNA expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in rat mesangial cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat mesangial cells were cultured and divided into 5 groups: normal glucose (group NG), high glucose (group HG), group NG + AII, NG + AII + saralasin (group NG + AII + S, saralasin is the AII receptor blocker) and HG + saralasin (group HG + S). After the cells were incubated for 24 hours, AII concentrations in the supernatant were measured by radioimmunoassay and the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA was assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>AII concentrations were higher in group HG ((56.90 +/- 13.54) pg/ml) and group HG + S ((51.30 +/- 5.96) pg/ml) than in group NG ((37.89 +/- 8.62) pg/ml, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between group HG and group HG + S. The expression of MMP-9 mRNA and MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA ratio in group NG + AII (MMP-9, 0.33 +/- 0.04; MMP-9/TIMP-1, 0.40 +/- 0.06) and group HG (MMP-9, 0.36 +/- 0.02; MMP-9/TIMP-1, 0.45 +/- 0.03) were decreased more significantly than those in group NG (MMP-9, 0.72 +/- 0.02; MMP-9/TIMP-1, 1.21 +/- 0.07). These values in group NG + AII + S (MMP-9, 0.71 +/- 0.02; MMP-9/TIMP-1, 1.18 +/- 0.05) were higher than those in group NG + AII, and the values in group HG + S (MMP-9, 0.71 +/- 0.02; MMP-9/TIMP-1, 1.16 +/- 0.05) were higher than those in group HG (all were P < 0.05). TIMP-1 mRNA expression was increased more significantly in group NG + AII (0.81 +/- 0.03) and group HG (0.80 +/- 0.03) than in group NG (0.59 +/- 0.02), but it was lower in group NG + AII + S (0.60 +/- 0.01) than in group NG + AII and also lower in group HG + S (0.61 +/- 0.01) than in group HG (all were P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High glucose stimulates AII production. Both high glucose and AII induce a decrease in MMP-9 mRNA expression and MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA ratio as well as an increase in TIMP-1 mRNA expression, which can be reversed by saralasin, suggesting that high glucose can aggravate impaired matrix degradation by altering gene expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 and that the effect of high glucose may be mediated by AII.</p>

Effects of losartan on the levels of angiotensin II and its type-1 receptor in diabetic rat kidney / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of losartan, an angiotensin II type-1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist, on the levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) and AT1R in diabetic rat kidney.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups, group A (n=11) served as the control group, group B (n=11) included the diabetic rats (induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin) without any therapy, and group C (n=9) diabetic rats treated with losartan. After 18 weeks of treatment, the kidneys were taken from all the rats to measure the expression of AT1R mRNA by RT-PCR and detect the Ang II level. Blood was also drawn from the heart to measure Ang II level, and 24-hour urine was collected to measure albumin level (urine albumin excretion, UAE) with rat albumin enzyme immunoassay kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The blood and renal Ang II levels showed no significant difference between the 3 groups. The expression of renal AT1R mRNA in group B (0.62-/+0.17) was significantly lower than that in group A (1.13-/+0.82, P<0.01) and group C (1.13-/+0.62,P<0.01). UAE in group B (2.18-/+1.98 mg) was significantly higher than that in group A (0.41-/+0.47 mg/d, P<0.01) and C (0.65 -/+0.89 mg/d, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Losartan can increase the expression of AT1R mRNA in diabetic rat kidneys without altering the blood and renal Ang II levels.</p>

Role of angiotensinⅡin the changes of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA expressions in high glucose-induced mesangial cells of rat / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

High glucose stimulated angiotensinⅡ(ATⅡ) production in mesangial cells of rat.Both high glucose and ATⅡdecreased expressions of matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) mRNA and MMP-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA ratio and increased TIMP-1 mRNA expression in mesangial cells of rat,which could be reversed by an ATⅡreceptor blocker,Saralasin.