ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to observe the apoptosis of Phyllanthus fraternus Webster against Daudi cells and to study its primary mechanism. Materials and Methods: Antiproliferative activity of cultured Daudi cells was evaluated using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in a dose- and time-dependent manner after treatment with the hydroalcoholic extract of P. fraternus . Trypan blue viability assay was also performed. Apoptosis induction in the cells posttreatment was determined by DNA fragmentation assay, Agarose gel electrophoresis, and Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide dual staining. Protein isolation and analysis was carried out using the standard polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protocols. Results: The extracts inhibited the growth and proliferation of Daudi cells through induced cell death, which was dose-dependent and time-dependent. The IC50 value was found to be 220 μg/ml after 72 h of treatment. The induction of DNA fragmentation and increase in a number of apoptotic cells posttreatment suggest the possibility of apoptosis induction. A significant decrease in protein level was also observed. Conclusion: The results raise the possibility that the hydroalcoholic extract of P. fraternus could be a potent chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various cancers. Further evaluation of its potency as a chemotherapeutic agent is imperative
ABSTRACT
Objetive:To evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of aqueous-methanolic plant extracts of nine plant species selected,based on ethnobotanical data.Methods:Based on ethnobotanical database,the selected plants were tested for their antiplasmodial activity against chloroquinesensitive (3D7) strain of Plasmodium falciparum.Qualitative tests and high performance thin layer chromatography analysis were carried out to explore the phytocomponents present in the plant extracts.1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant activity was also determined to check the antioxidant activity of the plant extracts.Results:Moringa oleifera (IC50:3.906 μg/mL),Acalypha indica (IC50:3.906 μg/mL),Hyptis suaveolens (IC50:3.906 μg/mL),Mangifera indica (IC50:4.150 μg/mL) and Averrhoa bidimbi (IC50:4.881 μg/mL) showed very good antiplasmodial activity.Conclusions:Crude extracts of Mangifera indica and Hyptis suaveolens demonstrated the most efficacious antimalarial activity.A bioassay-guided fractionation of these extracts to identify the lead compound is proved to be useful.The results validate the traditional use of the selected plants as antimalarials.