Neuroprotective Effect of Fructus broussonetiae on APP/PS1 Mice via Upregulation of AKT/β-Catenin Signaling / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of Chinese herbal medicine Fructus broussonetiae (FB) in both mouse and cell models of Alzheimer's disease (AD).@*METHODS@#APP/PS1 mice treated with FB for 2 months and vehicle-treated controls were run through the Morris water maze and object recognition test to evaluate learning and memory capacity. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were also conducted to evaluate the effects of FB treatment on various signaling pathways altered in APP/PS1 mice. To further explore the mechanisms underlying FB's protective effect, PC-12 cells were treated with Aβ@*RESULTS@#FB-treated mice showed improved learning and memory capacity on both the Morris water maze and object recognition tests. RNA-seq of hippocampal tissue from APP/PS1 mice showed that FB had effects on multiple signaling pathways, specifically decreasing cell apoptotic signaling and increasing AKT and β-catenin signaling. Similarly, FB up-regulated both AKT and β-catenin signaling in PC-12 cells pre-treated with Aβ@*CONCLUSIONS@#FB exerted neuroprotective effects on hippocampal cells of APP/PS1 mice, as well as improved cell viability in an in vitro model of AD. The protective actions of FB occurred via the upregulation of AKT/β-catenin signaling.

Prevalence and risk factors of osteoarthritis in patients with type 2 diabetes in Beijing, China from 2015 to 2017 / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the prevalence and related factors of osteoarthritis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and provided a scientific basis for the prevention of the comorbidity.@*METHODS@#The data were obtained from the database of all designated medical institutions in Beijing from 2015 to 2017. Data of the adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were collected for descriptive analysis, and a Logistic regression model was used to explore the related factors of osteoarthritis in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 046 264 diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus adult patients were included in our study, with an average age of 63.07 years, and 50.78% were males. Among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there were 341 561 cases with osteoarthritis, and the prevalence of osteoarthritis was 32.65%. The prevalence of females (38.05%) was higher than that of males (27.41%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Osteoarthritis occurred in all age groups among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with the highest prevalence of osteoarthritis in the age group of 65-69 years (36.76%), and the lowest prevalence in the age group ≤44 years (14.3%). Before the age of 70, the prevalence increased with age. Further analysis of related factors for osteoarthritis in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed that female (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.61-1.63), age (OR=1.01, 95%CI: 1.01-1.01), had other comorbidities (OR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.18-1.21), used hypoglycemic drugs (OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.78-0.80), having the cardiovascular disease (OR=1.13, 95%CI: 1.11-1.15), having cerebrovascular disease (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.23-1.28), and having nephropathy (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.51-1.71) were associated with the osteoarthritis in the type 2 diabetic mellitus patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Our study revealed that the prevalence of osteoarthritis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is high in Beijing area. Health education and disease monitoring should be strengthened in middle-aged and elderly patients. Screening for comorbidities should be carried out as soon as possible, with the focus on menopausal women.

Trans-cranial Doppler predicts early neurologic deterioration in anterior circulation ischemic stroke after successful endovascular treatment / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Early neurologic deterioration (END) may occur in patients with anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACIS) after receiving endovascular treatment (EVT). Hemodynamic insufficiency, re-occlusion, and post-re-canalization hyper-perfusion are likely to play a critical role in END. We hypothesized that hemodynamic changes can predict END in patients with ACIS post-successful EVT using trans-cranial Doppler (TCD).@*METHODS@#We utilized a prospectively maintained database of ACIS patients treated with EVT between September 2016 and June 2018 in the Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University. TCD parameters including peak systolic velocity (PSV), bilateral mean flow velocity (MFV), and pulse index (PI) were determined via the middle cerebral arteries within 72 h post-EVT. A logistic regression model was applied to detect independent predictors for END.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 112 EVT patients were included in this study and 80/112 patients experienced successful re-canalization with <50% residual stenosis, while 17/80 (21.3%) patients suffered END, for which vasogenic cerebral edema (11/17) was considered as a leading role and followed by symptomatic intra-cranial hemorrhage (4/17) and ischemia progression (2/17). For the 80 patients, the PSV (median: 127 cm/s vs. 116 cm/s, P = 0.039), the ratio of ipsilateral-MFV/contra-lateral-MFV (iMFV/cMFV) (median: 1.29 vs. 1.02, P = 0.036) and iMFV/mean blood pressure (MBP) (median: 0.97 vs. 0.79, P = 0.008) in END patients were higher than those of non-END. Using the receiver-operating characteristic curve to obtain cut-off values for PSV, PI, iMFV/cMFV, and iMFV/MBP for END, we found that PI ≥0.85 (odds ratio: 11.03, 95% confidence interval: 1.92-63.46, P = 0.007) and iMFV/MBP ≥0.84 (odds ratio: 9.20, 95% confidence interval: 2.07-40.84, P = 0.004) were independent predictors of END in a multivariate logistic regression model, with a sensitivity of 82.4% and 76.5% and a specificity of 42.9% and 66.7%, respectively, and had the positive predictive values of 29.0% and 38.2%, and negative predictive values of 90.0% and 91.3%, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.57 and 0.71, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#TCD examination of EVT patients may be used as a real-time tool to detect END predictors, such as the higher PI and iMFV/MBP, allowing for better post-thrombectomy management in ACIS patients.

Inhibitory effect of Akt inhibitor deguelin on the growth of PC-3 prostate cancer cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the inhibitory effect of Akt inhibitor deguelin on PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines and its possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PC-3 human prostate cancer cells were cultured in deguelin at the concentrations of 10, 100, 500 and 1 000 nmol/L for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. Then the inhibitory effect of deguelin on the proliferation of the PC-3 cells was determined by MTT assay and that on the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of MDM2 and GSK3beta mRNA were measured by RT-PCR and those of MDM2 and GSK3beta proteins by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 24, 48 and 72 hours, the inhibition rates of deguelin on the proliferation of the PC-3 prostate cancer cells were (91.10 +/- 3.75), (86.39 +/- 1.16) and (79.51 +/- 2.63)% at 10 nmol/L, (82.46 +/- 3.65), (76.84 +/- 0.97) and (69.69 +/- 2.30) % at 100 nmol/L, (81.46 +/- 0.41), (75.56 +/- 1.12) and (54.07 +/- 3.21)% at 500 nmol/L, and (66.77 +/- 2.82), (58.22 +/- 0.35) and (39.34 +/- 2.40)% at 1000 nmol/L, all with statistically significant differences from the control group (P < 0.01). Deguelin at 10, 100, 500 and 1 000 nmol/L increased the cell cycles blocked in the G0/G1 phase ([62.4 +/- 2.2], [63.6 +/- 1.1 ], [65.0 +/- 0.3] and [66.5 +/- 1.9]%, P < 0.01) and reduced the percentage of the S-phase cells ([14.7 +/- 2.4], [11.1 +/- 5.2], [5.8 +/- 1.1] and [7.0 +/- 0.6]%, P < 0.01). RT-PCR and Western blot showed markedly up-regulated expressions of GSK3 P3 a3beta down-regulated expressions of MDM2 mRNA and proteins in the PC-3 cells treated with deguelin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Akt inhibitor deguelin can inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 human prostate cancer cells by affecting the down-stream signal molecules GSK3P3 and betaDM2 in the Akt pathway.</p>

Comparison study of clinical effect and complications between subfascial and submammary breast augmentation / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical effect and complications of subfascial breast augmentation and submammary breast augmentation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>From Sept. 2009 to May 2012 , 25 patients with subfascial breast augmentation and 31 patients with submammary breast augmentation were observed. The postoperative results including visible implant edge or ripple, upper pole of the implant and long-term implant ptosis were compared respectively. The complications including hematoma, infection and capsular contraction were also recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>56 cases were followed up for 2 months to 26 months. The incidence rate of visible implant edge or ripple was 4.0% (1/25 ) in the subfascial group and 29.0% (9/31) in the submammary group, showing a significant difference between them ( PC 0.05). The incidence rate of convex upper pole of the implant was 8.0% (2/25) in the subfascial group and 35.5% (11/31) in the submammary group, showing a significant difference between them ( P < 0.05). Long-term implant ptosis was not found in the two groups. The incidence rate of hematoma was 4.0% (1/25) in the subfascial group and 6.5% (2/31) in the submammary group, infection was not found. The incidence rate of capsular contraction was 8.0% (2/25) in the subfascial group and 12.9% (4/31) in the submammary group, showing no statistical difference between them ( P > 0.05 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Subfascial breast augmentation has more clinical advantages compared with submammary breast augmentation, but no evident difference was found in the common complication rate, such as capsular contraction.</p>

Study on maternal periodontal diseases of the relationships between porphyromonas gingivalis, serum pro-immflamatory mediators and preterm low birth weight / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the associations between periodontal diseases, presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and preterm low birth weight (PLBW).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>60 women (30 PLBW and 30 healthy women), were recruited after postpartum within 3 days in this case-control study. Periodontal measurements including plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were assessed. The subgingival plaque was collected before periodontal examination and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the 16S rRNA gene specific to P. gingivalis, while the venous and umbilical cord blood specimens collected were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PLBW cases had a poorer oral conditions and the presence of P. gingivalis was found in a higher proportion in the PLBW than the healthy pregnant (56.7% vs. 30.0%, P < 0.05). Both of the presence of periodontitis and P. gingivalis have been found to be associated weakly with a shorter gestational age and a lower birth weight (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-1beta, IL-6 and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) in both of the blood samples showed higer levels between the PLBW and normal groups (P < 0.01). The IL-1beta and PGE2 levels in maternal serum were higher with a severe periodontal disease in the PLBW group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There may be a possible link between periodontal diseases and PLBW.</p>

Treatment of Bennett's fracture with closed reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate clinical effect of new method of percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation in treating Bennett's fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen patients with Bennett's fracture were treated with close reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation. There were male 8 cases and female 5 cases with an average age of 32 years (range from 20 to 45 years). The mean time from injury to operation was 4.3 days (range from 2 to 7 days). External fixation with plaster slab was applied after operation with an average of 35 days (range from 30 to 41 days). The reduction of articular surface, symptom of ache and function of thumb after operation were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up with an average of 6.4 months (range from 4 to 9 months). All fractures united and the articular surfaces were reduced well. Only 1 case has mild pain when activity. The grasp force decreased in all patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Close reduction and percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation has advantage such as simply operation, precisely fixation, high potency ratio. The method especially fits Bennett's fracture with small triangular fragment.</p>

Expression of survivin, Bcl-2 and p53 during 4-nitro-quinoline 1-oxide-induced rat tongue carcinogenesis / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of survivin during oral carcinogenesis and its relationship with the expression of Bcl-2 and p53.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two-step immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of survivin, Bcl-2 and p53 in 60 rat tongue carcinogenesis specimens induced by 4-nitro-quinoline 1-oxide (4NQO).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Survivin was present in 1/36 cases of normal mucosa, 6/11 cases of oral epithelial dysplasia and 10/11 cases of oral carcinoma. There were significant difference in the expression of survivin among normal mucosa, oral epithelial dysplasia and carcinoma (P < 0.001). While in the 17 cases of positive expression of survivin, Bcl-2 was present in 12 cases and p53 was present in 8 cases. The expression of survivin in oral epithelial dysplasia and carcinoma were significantly higher than that in normal oral mucosa (P < 0.01). The expression of survivin was positively correlated to the expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in rat tongue (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of survivin may play an important role in oral carcinogenesis. Survivin, Bcl-2 and p53 may be synergetic in the carcinogenesis of oral cancer.</p>

Isolation and identification of avian leukosis virus-B from layer chickens infected with avian leukosis virus-J / 病毒学报

Two strains of Avian leukosis virus subgroup B (ALV-B) were isolated for the first time in China Hy-line White on the cultured DF-1 cells which were inoculated tissue samples from by an ELISA assay, a histopathology examination and a PCR-based diagnosis. The results from the ELISA assay indicated that the positive rate of serum antibodies to ALV-B and ALV-J virus were 16.3% (15/92) and 13% (12/92), respectively. The histopathological examination indicated that two types of tumor cells existed at same focus in liver and spleen, which mainly were myelocytoma cells and lymphosarcoma cells. The PCR-based diagnosis were performed as follows: the cellular DNA was extracted from the inoculated DF-1 cells; the specific fragments of 1100 bp and 924 bp were obtained by a PCR system with the diagnostic primers of ALV-B and ALV-J; and the PCR results for ALV-A, MDV and REV were all negative. Then, the amplified fragments of the two ALV-B stains were partially sequenced and shown an identity of 92.8%,94.7% with the prototype strain of ALV-B (RSV Schmidt-ruppin B). The identities of two ALV-J strains with the prototype strain HPRS-103 at 96.9%, 91.5%; The identities of two ALV-J strains with the American prototype strain at 85.9%, 81.5%. Our study had shown that ALV-B was isolated for the first time from the ALV-J infected commercial layer flocks in China. It also indicated that the chance of genetic recombination among various subgroups of ALV was increased.

Research on an improved Lowry method to determine content of protein in Sabin IPV / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method for the content determination of protein in Sabin IPV.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using lowry method combined with being precipitated by trichloroacetic acid to determine the content of protein in Sabin IPV. Changing different conditions to optimize the experiment to establish a improved lowry method. And the sample recovery test was also conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The method can exclude the interference of free aminoacid, phenols and some other additives. The calibration curve was in good linearity of protein within the range of 2.5 microg/ml-40 Microg/ml, r = 0.9998. Under the best conditions, the mean recovery was 95.32%, the CV in a batch and between batches were both < 10%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method can be used to determine the micro content of protein in vaccines.</p>

Analyisis of Investigation on Psychological Health Conditions of Middle and Primary School Students in Maojian Area of Shiyan City / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To understand the psychological health status of the middle and primary school students,and to provide some advice of their mental health care.Methods In 11 611 middle and primary school students in 18 schools in Maojian area of Shiyan city,the students,teachers and parents at 5 schods were investigated a randomely,targets were examined by Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL),Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening for Learning(PRS),Conner's Parent Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ)and Conner's Teacher Rating Scale(TRS)and self-established questionnaires for general information.Results The investigation demonstrated:89.29% of students possessed very promising dreams and sublime pursuits,and had correct outlook on life and values;10.71% of students had comparatively severe psychological problems.The major problems appeared to be indefinite purpose of study,shorted of mental endurance and severe impulsivetrend.Moreover,an-xiety,emotion instability and solitary trend caused indifference,sheepish ness and difficulty in their communication.Conclusion Schools,families and society pay close attention to students,mental health and help the youngsters develop in a healthily psychdogical way.

Clinical Characteristics of Children with Moyamoya Disease / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical characteristic and diagnosis of children with moyamoya disease(MMD).Method The clinical features of 4 children with MMD were analyzed.Results The early clinical spectrum in children with MMD was transiently ischemic attack,and presented with injured neuron manifestations after some seizures,such as paralysis,extremity sensory disturbance, seizure of epilepsy,language disorder,involuntary movement and psychotic symptoms.Magnetic resonance angiography(MRA) and DSA demonstrated multiple cerebral vessels occlusion or stenosis and moyamoya vessels,so MRA became the first choice for detec- ting MMD.Conclusions The clinical symptom and neuron symptom of children MMD may not be typical,and it is easily misdiagnosed.Its correct diagnosis depends on thorough physical examination,appropriate laboratory tests,and the general knowledge of this disease.