Testicular infarction due to polyarteritis nodosa: a case report and literature review / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To report a case of testicular infarction due to polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), and to discuss its clinical diagnosis and treatment based on relevant literatures at home and abroad, so as to have a better understanding of this rare disease. 【Methods】 Clinical data of a case complaining of scrotal pain who was initially diagnosed as testicular torsion and later confirmed to be testicular infarction due to PAN were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant literatures were reviewed. 【Results】 With glucocorticoid, vasodilator and antioxidant treatment, the patient’s testicular blood flow was improved. 【Conclusion】 Testicular infarction due to PAN is a rare disease which is difficult to diagnose timely. The diagnosis depends on biopsy and the standards formulated by American College of Rheumatology (ACR). Good prognosis can be achieved with timely diagnosis and correct treatment.

Comparison of different stone scoring systems in predicting the stone-free rate after RIRS for upper urinary tract lithiasis / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To compare the accuracy of different stone scoring systems for predicting the stone-free rate (SFR) after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).Methods:The clinical data of 227 patients with lithiasis undergoing RIRS from June 2017 to December 2020 in Affiliated Benq Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Qingdao Fuwai Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 152 males and 75 females. The average age was (53.0±10.4) years old. The average body mass index was (26.9±2.1)kg/m 2. The maximum diameter of the stone was (22.7±12.8)mm. The stone is located in left side in 133 cases and in right side in 94 cases. The stones of 44 cases were located in upper ureter, upper calyceal or renal pelvis, that of 23 cases were in medium calyceal, 157 cases in lower calyceal, and 3 cases in calyceal diverticulum.The average CT value of stone was (778.3±350.4)HU. American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA)scores: 86 cases of grade Ⅰ, 129 cases of grade Ⅱ, 12 cases of grade Ⅲ. Preoperative non-contrast CT was conducted and three-dimensional data were constructed. A single observer reviewed and entered the modified S.T.O.N.E., RUSS, modified S-ReSC, R. I.R.S., SHA.LIN, Ito nomogram, S. O.L.V.E., stone free index (SFI) scores. Logistic analysis were performed between every score and SFR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to detect sensitivity and specificity of every score in predicting the SFR. The predictive accuracies of all scores were compared. Results:The SFR was 83.0%(189/227). There were statistically significant differences in modified S. T.O.N.E.(10.5±1.9 vs. 12.7±1.8), RUSS[1(0, 4) vs. 3(0, 6)], modified S-ReSC (8.2±5.6 vs. 11.8±6.0), R.I.R.S.(6.2±1.4 vs. 8.1±1.2), SHA.LIN (9.9±2.4 vs. 13.0±2.1), Ito nomogram (12.1±5.8 vs. 4.3±3.3), S. O.L.V.E. (6.8±1.6 vs. 8.7±1.2), SFI score (7.9±1.1 vs. 6.3±0.9) between the stone-free group and the stone remaining group ( P <0.05). Logistic regression revealed that modified S.T.O.N.E., RUSS, modified S-ReSC, R. I.R.S., SHA.LIN, Ito nomogram, S. O.L.V.E. and SFI score were significantly associated with SFR( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the area under the curve (AUC) between the modified S. T.O.N.E., RUSS, R. I.R.S., SHA.LIN, Ito nomogram, S. O.L.V.E. and SFI score( P>0.05), but there were significant differences in the AUC between modified S-ReSC score and other score ( P<0.05). When the cutoff of SHA.LIN, SFI and R. I.R.S. score was determined as 10, 6 and 6 scores, the specificity of SHA.LIN, SFI and R. I.R.S. score was 94.7%, 92.6% and 89.5%, respectively. Conclusions:All score could predict the postoperative SFR of RIRS, while the SHA.LIN, SFI and R.I.R.S. score were more accurate than the other scores. The accuracy of the modified S-ReSC in predicting SFR after RIRS was slightly worse than other scores.

Oblique lateral interbody fusion treats adjacent segment diseases after lumbar spinal fusion / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) in the treatment of adjacent segment disease (ASDis).Methods:Retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 31 patients with ASDis treated by OLIF in four medical centers from June 2015 to December 2018. There were 17 males and 14 females. The average age was (65.7±3.4) years (range, 59 to 75 years). 19 cases received single-segment fixed fusion, 11 cases received double-segment fixed fusion and 1 case received three-segment fixed fusion. Original fixed fusion site: 1 case of L 1, 2, 3 cases of L 3, 4, 11 cases of L 4, 5, 4 cases of L 5S 1, 6 cases of L 3-L 5, 5 cases of L 4-S 1, and 1 case of L 3-S 1. The time from the initial fixation and fusion to this admission was 82.5±45.5 months (rang, 24 to 180 months). ASDis occurred at the proximal end of the fixed fusion segment in 28 cases and at the distal end in 3 cases. The types of ASDis: degenerative disc disease in 11 cases, lumbar spinal stenosis in 15 cases, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 2 cases, and degenerative scoliosis in 3 cases. The location of ASDis: 6 cases of L 2, 3, 12 cases of L 3, 4, 6 cases of L 4, 5, 3 cases of L 1-L 3, 1 case of L 2-L 4, and 3 cases of L 1-L 4. At admission, 3 cases of lumbar internal fixation had been removed and 28 cases of internal fixation remained. Stand-alone OLIF was performed in 19 cases, OLIF combined with pedicle screw fixation in 8 cases, and OLIF combined with cortical screw fixation in 4 cases. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the low back pain and lumbar function before operation and at the last follow-up, and the imaging results and complications were observed. Results:All patients were followed up. The follow-up time was 23.6±9.6 months (range, 12 to 60 months). The operation time was 73.8±25.3 mins (range, 40 to 180 min), and the intraoperative blood loss was 86.2±67.4 ml (range, 20 to 310 ml). The average blood loss in each segment was 24.8 ml. During the operation, there were 1 case of segmental vein injury, 7 cases of endplate injury, 2 cases of transient iliopsoas muscle weakness, 1 case of thigh pain and numbness, and 1 case of incomplete intestinal obstruction. There was no incision necrosis and infection. The VAS score of low back pain decreased from 5.9±1.9 before operation to 1.4±0.6 at the last follow-up, with a statistically significant difference ( t=8.47, P<0.001). The ODI index recovered from 45.2%±5.7% before operation to 13.8%±4.7% at the last follow-up, with a statistically significant difference ( t=7.92, P<0.001). The height of intervertebral space increased from 8.7±1.6 mm before operation to 11.4±1.9 mm after operation and 9.9±1.8 mm at the last follow-up. There was a statistically significant difference between postoperative and preoperative height of intervertebral space ( F=4.15, P=0.007). There was a statistically significant difference between the last follow-up and postoperative height of intervertebral space ( P=0.011). During the follow-up, there were 13 cases of fusion cage subsidence, 1 case of fusion cage displacement, and no case of internal fixation loosening or fracture. The intervertebral fusion rate was 94%(29/31) and the complication rate was 42%(13/31). Conclusion:ASDis is a common complication after lumbar fixation and fusion, and requires surgical treatment. OLIF is a reliable method to treat ASDis as it has advantages of small trauma, high fusion rate and low complication rate.

Rapid identification of chemical profile in Gandou decoction by UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE coupled with novel informatics UNIFI platform / 药物分析学报

Gandou decoction (GDD), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used for decades to treat Wilson's disease (WD) in China due to its remarkable clinical effects. However, the chemical constituents of GDD still remain unclear because of their complexity. In this work, a reliable and sensitive strategy based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE) and UNIFI informatics platform was applied to investigate the chemical components in GDD. In total, 96 compounds including anthraqui-nones, alkaloids, protostane triterpenoids, flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, tannins, curcuminoids, etc, were identified or tentatively characterized from GDD by comparing their retention time, accurate mass within 5 ppm error and MSE fragmentation patterns. Among them, eleven compounds were confirmed unambiguously with reference standards. Representative compounds in different chemical structure types were analyzed in fragmentation patterns and characteristic ions. Moreover, to better understand the chemical contribution of individual herbs to the whole decoction, the corresponding each herb in GDD was also detected. This study developed a rapid method for characterizing the chemical constitu-ents in GDD, which could not only be used for chemical standardization and quality control, but also be helpful for further research of GDD in vivo.

Efficacy of erector spinae plane block for transforaminal endoscopic surgery / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) for transforaminal endoscopic surgery.Methods:Sixty patients of both sexed, aged 20-45 yr, with body mass index of 17.5-29.0 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status ⅠorⅡ, undergoing percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy, were divided into 2 groups ( n=30 each) by using a random number table method: ESPB group (E group) and local infiltration anesthesia group (L group). Group E received the ultrasound-guided ESPB, group L received layer-by-layer-assisted local infiltration anesthesia (including subcutaneous layer and fascia, muscular layer and superior articular process) according to the location of operation, and 0.5% ropivacaine 20 ml was used as local anesthetic in both groups.Operation time and C-arm X-ray localization time were recorded.Visual analogue scale score and Ramsay sedation score were recorded at skin incision (T 1), muscle separation (T 2), foraminoplasty (T 3), nerve root decompression (T 4) and skin suture (T 5). The effective analgesia and satisfaction with sedation were recorded.Patients were followed up postoperatively for patient satisfaction, lower extremity motor block, development of nausea and vomiting, dizziness, hematoma at puncture site, nerve damage and etc.Functional status was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index. Results:Compared with group L, visual analogue scale scores were significantly decreased at T 2-4, Ramsay sedation scores were increased at T 3, 4, patient′s satisfaction was increased, operation time and C-arm X-ray localization time were shortened ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in Oswestry Disability Index score or rate of satisfactory analgesia in group E ( P>0.05). No motor block, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, hematoma at puncture site and nerve damage was found in both groups. Conclusion:ESPB can provide satisfactory analgesia with a higher safety when used for trasforaminal endoscopic surgery.

Modified Ilizarov hip reconstruction in treatment of adolescent hip instability / 中国修复重建外科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of modified Ilizarov hip reconstruction in the treatment of hip instability. Methods: The clinical data of 13 young patients with hip diseases treated with modified Ilizarov hip reconstruction between January 2010 and March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 2 males and 11 females, aged from 14 to 34 years, with an average age of 24.2 years. There were 1 case of hip dysplasia and dislocation due to spinal bifida, 3 cases of hip dysplasia after pyogenic arthritis of the hip, 2 cases of developmental dysplasiaof the hip (DDH) accompanying femoral head necrosis who rejected hip replacement, 6 cases of young DDH refused to undergo hip replacement, and 1 case of bilateral hip dysplasia with dislocation due to sputum cerebral palsy. The disease duration was 2-20 years, with an average of 8.5 years. Preoperative Trendelenburg sign was positive in 12 cases and negative in 1 case. The preoperative Harris score of hip joint was 53.5±8.9 and the unequal length of lower limbs was (46.08±15.73) mm. Postoperative Harris hip score and patients' satisfaction with effectiveness evaluated according to their self scoring were used to assess the effectiveness. Results: All 13 patients were followed up 1-5 years, with an average of 2.6 years. Five patients developed postoperative needle infection, which improved after dressing change; 7 patients had limited knee joint activity and improved after knee joint function training. The Trendelenburg sign was negative at 1 year after operation, and the patient's hip pain symptoms were relieved or disappeared. The Harris hip score of patients at 1 year after operation was 84.5±6.1, which was significantly improved when compared with preoperative one ( t=－10.538, P=0.000). According to Harris hip score, the effectiveness results were excellent in 4 cases, good in 5 cases, and fair in 4 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 69.2%. The unequal length of lower limbs was (15.38±7.27) mm, which was significantly better than that before operation ( t=11.826, P=0.000). At last follow-up, the patients' satisfaction score was 80%-95%, with an average of 88%. Conclusion: Modified Ilizarov hip reconstruction can be used to treat young patients with hip disease who are unsuitable or refuse to undergo artificial hip replacement. Its effectiveness is reliable, and it has unique advantages in limb limp improvement and limb shortening correction.

Efficacy of haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe aplastic anemia: a report of 40 cases / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To explore the efficacy and prognosis of haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) for severe aplastic anemia (SAA).Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 40 SAA cases undergoing haplo-HSCT from September 2013 to February 2018.The conditioning regimen contained cyclophosphamide,fludarabine and antithymocyte globulin with or without busulfan or low-dose total body irradiation.Cyclosporin A,short-term methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil were dosed for preventing graft versus host disease (GVHD).The median counts of mononuclear cell and CD34+ stem cell were 5.3(2.0～13.5) × 108/kg and 5.6 (1.6 ～ 15.9) × 106/kg respectively.Results Among them,hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved (n =36,90.0 ％).The median times for myeloid engraftment and platelet engraftment were 15(10-25) and 17(10～58) days respectively.The incidence of acute graft-versushost disease(aGVHD)was (35.0± 6.8) ％.The incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was (23.0 ±7.4) ％.And 28 SAA cases (70.0 ％) survived during a median follow-up period of 353(30～1226)days,The cumulative overall survival (OS) was (67.8 ± 7.8) ％,the average survival time (883 ± 82)days and transplantation-related death (TRM) within 100 days (10.0 ± 3.1) ％.Conclusions Haplo-HSCT is an effective treatment for SAA patients.And a larger number of cases are required for enhancing OS.

Peripheral cytopenia and its contituent ratio in cirrhotic portal hypertension / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To investigate the causes of peripheral cytopenia in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive splenomegaly.Methods The clinical data of 183 patients with hepatitic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive splenomegaly complicated by peripheral cytopenia who were operated in our hospital in the past 17 years were retrospectively studied.Results All these patients underwent splenectomy.Before operation,all these patients had one or more types of peripheral cytopenia (cumulative cytopenia:390 patient-times).After splenectomy,blood counts in 79.2％ returned to normal;in 15.9％ increased but failed to reach normal levels;and in 4.9％ became lower than before operation.5 patients died soon after operation.Conclusion Hypersplenism is the main cause for the peripheral cytopenia most cirrhotic portal hypertension patients.Splenectormy is an effective method to treat hypersplenism.

Analysis of gene mutation and risk factors of thrombosis in patients with bcr-abl negative myeloproliferative neoplasms / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To explore the relationship between gene mutation of JAK2 V617F, JAK2 (exon12), CALR, MPL and clinical features of patients with bcr-abl negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and to analyze the risk factors of thrombosis. Methods Clinical features and laboratory tests of 115 patients with bcr-abl negative MPN were analyzed retrospectively. 34 patients with thrombosis were treated as the observation group, and 81 patients without thrombosis were treated as the control group. Results Among 71 primary thrombocythemia cases, the white blood cell count (WBC) and hemoglobin level of JAK2 V617F positive group and CALR positive group was higher than that of 4 gene mutations in negative group (F= 5.835, P= 0.005; F= 3.405, P= 0.039). The incidence of splenomegaly in JAK2 V617F positive group and CALR positive group was higher than that of 4 gene mutations in negative group (χ2=16.902, P=0.0002; χ2= 12.658, P= 0.001). The patients'proportion of JAK2 V617F positive, high hemoglobin level (male ≥160 g/L, female ≥150 g/L), hypertension and over 60 years old in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (χ2= 5.585, P= 0.025; χ2= 4.909, P= 0.043; χ2= 8.891, P= 0.004; χ2=15.933, P=0.023). Conclusion The detection of JAK2 V617F, JAK2 (exon12), CALR and MPL gene mutations is helpful to the diagnosis of bcr-abl negative MPN; JAK2 V617F positive, high hemoglobin level, hypertension, and elderly age are risk factors of thrombosis.

Comparison of the early effects of bone cement versus cementless prostheses in very elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the early effects of bone cement prostheses versus cementless prostheses in very elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.Methods A total of 110 patients aged 70 years and over who had undergone hip replacement because of hip disease from March 2011 to March 2013 were selected.104 cases were followed up for 3 years,with 46 cases treated with the bone cement prostheses(Group A) and 58 cases with cementless prostheses(Group B).The conditions before and after surgery were recorded.Postoperative Harris scores were collected to evaluate the function of the hip joint,and the loosening of hip prostheses was detected by x-ray.Results Intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume were lower in Group A than in Group B [(236.0±26.3) ml vs.(296.0±34.5) m1,(123.0±20.3) ml vs.(156.0±26.4) ml,both P ＜0.05].Harris scores before,6 months,1,2 and 3 years after surgery were(40.2±7.2),(80.3±5.2),(90.2±4.5),(90.6±4.2),and(90.8±3.5) in Group A,and(39.8±6.3),(76.5±8.7),(86.5±5.1),(89.3± 4.8),and(91.0± 4.1) in Group B,respectively.Harris scores 6 months and 1 year after surgery were higher in Group A than in Group B,and there was no significant difference in Harris scores between the two groups 2 and 3 years after surgery(P＞0.05).Pain scores before,6 months,1,2 and 3 years after surgery were(13.5± 5.3),(37.5± 6.2),(38.4±5.3),(39.1 ±2.5) and(39.0±2.1) in Group A and(12.9±6.2),(30.2±8.7),(35.9±6.5),(38.6±4.8) and(39.2±2.6) in Group B,respectively.Pain scores 1 year after surgery was better in Group A than in Group B,and there was no significant difference in pain scores between the two groups 2 and 3 years after surgery(P＞0.05).Bone cement implantation syndrome occurred in 6 cases in Group A,of which 1 case had respiratory and cardiac arrest and was successfully rescued after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.In addition,in Group A,1 case had osteolytic disease 2 years after surgery,and,in Group B,4 cases had proximal femoral fractures and 1 case had osteolytic disease 3 years after surgery.Conclusions For very elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement,satisfactory early therapeutic effects can be achieved by using bone cement or cementless prostheses.Intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage volume and Harris scores 1 year after surgery are better with bone cement prostheses than with cementless prostheses.Close attention should be paid to possible development of bone cement implantation syndrome during operation.

Value of urine excrement shunt surgery for the treatment of severe metabolic disorders after Sigma rectum pouch of bladder cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the application value of urine excrement shunt surgery for the treatment of severe metabolic disorders after Sigma rectum pouch of bladder cancer.Methods From July 2011 to December 2013,4 male patients (mean age 72±10 years old,ranged from 58-82 years old),who received radical cystectomy and Sigma rectum pouch due to bladder cancer,were admitted in our hospital.Within four years after the operation,all patients complained about the recurrent fatigue,anorexia and even unconsciousness.The hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis,hypokalemia and renal dysfunction were diagnosed by blood gas analysis and biochemical tests.One week before urine excrement shunt operation,the arterial blood pH,HCO3-,serum potassium,chloride and creatinine were (7.15±0.08),(7.8±4.7)mmol/L,(3.1 ±0.2) mmol/L,(110.3±4.7) mmol/L,(314.8±66.4) μmol/L,respectively.They received urine excrement shunt surgery.The lower abdominal mid-line incision was made and the pouch was isolated from intestinal tract.The abdomen ostomy was made and the sigmoid colon and rectum were re-coincided in order to recover the intestinal continuity.The results of blood gas analysis,electrolytes and renal function after surgery were compared with those before surgery.Results The average operation time was (256.3±26.9) min and the mean volume of bleeding was (147.5±111.2) ml.There was no surgery related complication.Blood bicarbonate was (19.1±4.8) mmol/L one week after surgery,which was significantly improved than that before operation (P＜0.05).One month later,blood pH level descended to (7.38±0.05),potassium level was (3.9±0.3) mmol/L,creatinine was (208.8±50.8) umol/L.All of them were significantly improved,compared with those results before surgery (P＜0.05).Blood chloride was significantly reduced to (102.4±5.8) mmol/L (P＜0.05) after 6 months of operation.Nobody developed severe acidosis and electrolyte disturbances during 6 months to 3 years' follow-up.Conclusions Urine excrement shunt surgery can effectively corrected the acidosis and electrolyte disturbances due to the radical cystectomy and Sigma rectum pouch.It might be a alternative method to treat such kind of severe complications.

Paraspinal approach versus conventional approach in pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To estimate the effect of pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures via paraspinal approach and compare it with the conventional posterior midline approach.Methods Forty-two cases of thoracolumbar monosegmental fractures subjected to single posterior pedicle screw fixation and reduction from December 2008 to May 2010 were included in the study.Among the patients,19 cases were operated through paraspinal muscular-sparing approach (paraspinal approach group) and 23 cases through posterior midline surgical approach (conventional approach group).Surgical incision length,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage volume,postoperative hospital stay,pre-and post-operative VAS and other perioperative indices as well as fracture reduction outcome were compared between the two groups.Oswestry disability index (ODI) was assessed after operation.Results There were no statistical differences between the two groups in aspects of surgical incision length,operation time,postoperative hospital stay,height restoration of fractured vertebra (P ＞ 0.05),but intraoperative blood loss (148.5 ± 26.5) ml,postoperative draining loss (72.9 ± 17.3) ml,postoperative VAS (1.1 ± 0.3) points and ODI (13.4 ± 2.7) points in paraspinal approach group showed statistical differences from those in conventional approach group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Paraspinal muscle-sparing approach is characterized by minor trauma,less bleeding,slight pain and quick recovery as compared with conventional posterior midline approach and hence may be the preferred choice for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture without spinal canal decompression.

In vitro biologic evaluation on nano-hydroxyapatite/poly (L-lactic acid) biocomposites fabricated using in-situ growth method / 生物医学工程学杂志

The aim of this research was to estimate the bioactivity of nano-hydroxyapatite/poly (L-lactic acid) composites in simulated body fluid. In vitro test showed that the pH value of simulated body fluid (SBF) declined gradually and the existence of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles neutralized the acid degradation product of poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA). Bone-like apatite deposited on the surface, and silkworm-like crystals and plate-like clusters appeared after soaking. At the same time, there were many honeycomb-like pores caused by nano-composite degraded. The results indicated that the hydroxyapatite/poly (L-lactic acid) nano-composites have good bioactivity and degradation characteristics.

Low expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene allele IVS8-5T may be associated with decreased prostate cancer risk / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the association between functional polymorphism IVS8-poly (T) in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and prostate cancer risk.Methods A population-based case-control study was conducted including 230 prostate cancer patients and 230 agematched controls.PCR-STRP was used to analysis the IVS8-poly (T) tract in CFTR gene.Results The prevalences of the low expression allele,the IVS8-5T,in prostate cancer patients and controls were 1.52 ％ (7/460) and 5.22 ％ (24/460),respectively (x2 =12.489,P =0.002).Logistic regression analysis confirmed the 5T/7T genotype was in protective association with prostate cancer risk (OR =0.232,P =0.003,95 ％ CI0.090-0.599).Conclusion The low expression CFTR IVS8-5T allele contributes to a reduced risk of prostate cancer in Chinese Han population,and may be a protective factor against prostate cancer.

Absorption transport mechanism of puerarin oil-in-oil nanoemulsion / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanisms of the oil-in-oil nanoemulsions transport through the gastrointestinal tract and the transport efficiency changed with its different particle size in the lymphatic channels.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The behavior of nanoemulsions in vivo and their absorption via lymph after oral administration was investigated, with the transport efficiency and absorption pathway of nanoemulsions clarified by lymph duct cannulation in rats.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>It suggested about 36.8% of puerarin nanoemulsions was transported into systematic circulation via lymph. Nanoparticles with different size absorbed by the lymphatic channels varied as the degree of transportion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The degree of absorption and particle transport is inversely proportional to the size.</p>

Association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene-173 locus polymorphism and prostate cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To study the association of MIF-173 locus polymorphism and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in China. Methods A case control study including 259 PCa patients and 301 age-matched controls was conducted. The polymorphisms of MIF-173 locus were analyzed by poly-merase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique using genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes. The correlations between the susceptibility to PCa and different genotypes were compared. The effect of age, smoking method and family history of canc-er were also analyzed. Results The rate of the MIF-173 * C variant allele of the PCa patients(n=259) was significantly higher than that of the controls (n=301) (36.0% vs 15.0%). The MIF-173 *C variant allele could significantly increase the risk of PCa (OR=2.96,95%CI: 1.92-4.57). Peo-ple with older age (age>70) or family history of cancer, who carried MIF-173 * C allele demonstra-ted a significantly increased risk in comparison with those carrying wild genotype of G/G(OR=3.66, 95%CI=2.02-6.62;OR=3.26, 95%CI=1.24-8.55). Conclusion These results suggested that polymorphisms of MIF-173 locus appear to influence the risk of PCa and may have synergistic effect with age and family history of cancer.

Joint distraction apparatus and Ilizarov technique for correcting deformities of the knee and ankle joint caused by muscular contracture of the leg / 中国组织工程研究

30? in 2 cases. All these patients were treated using orthosis. CONCLUSION: Based on Ilizarov’s technique and principle, the individualized designed external distraction apparatuses are fixed around the knee and the ankle-foot by transcutaneous steel pins. Slow mechanical distraction gradually corrects the flexion deformities of the knee and clubfoot.

Effect of Autologous Blood Transfusion on Postoperative Levels of IL-6,IFN-?,and TNF-? after Spinal Operation / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To compare the effect of allogeneic and autologous blood transfusion on postoperative immunoreaction in patients after spinal surgeries.Methods A total of 44 patients undergoing spinal operations were randomly divided into two groups.Allogeneic (n=22) or autologous (n=22) buffy-coat-depleted red cells were used in the patients during the operations.The serum levels of IL-6,IFN-?,and TNF-?were determined preoperatively and then re-measured 1 and 7 days after the operations. Results In theautologous group,both IFN-?and IL-6 increased after the oprerations,the level of IL-6 was significantly higher than that in the allogeneic group at days 1 and 7.The concentration of TNF-?did not change after the surgeries in the two groups. Conclusions By autologous blood transfusion,the serum levels of IFN-?and IL-6 can be increased significantly after spinal operation,meanwhile the concentration of TNF-?remains stable.The postoperative inhibitory effect of the procedure on immunocytokines is significantly weaker than that of allogeneic blood transfusion,indicating that autologous blood transfuion can protect or even increase immunofunction after spinal operation.

Prostate cancer after prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer after prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve cases of prostate cancer after prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia were reviewed and studied. The mean intervals between prostatectomy for BPH and the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 10 months to 14 years, 5.6 years on average. The main symptoms were dysuria, hematuria and pain. Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was elevated in 11 cases. Digital rectal examination (DRE) was abnormal in 8 cases. Three cases were in clinical stage B, 3 in stage C and 6 in stage D. Ten cases received combined androgen blockade therapy. Monotherapy with surgical castration was given to 2 cases. Three patients with urinary tract obstruction received additional treatment of TURP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the 4 months to 8 years follow-up, 3 patients died, 6 remained stable and 2 deteriorated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Surgery for BPH could not prevent the development of prostate cancer. PSA and DRE were the main methods for the diagnosis of this prostate cancer.</p>

Application of vasoseminal vesiculography to the diagnosis of seminal ductal system disorders / 中华男科学杂志

Vasoseminal vesiculography is becoming more and more valuable to the diagnosis of seminal ductal system diseases. Vasography can be performed by either trans-scrotal injection into the vas deferens, or transperineal injection into seminal vesicle, or retrograde insertion of a catheter into the opening of the ejaculatory duct. A good knowledge of the indications and proper judgement of the X-ray signs may significantly improve the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the seminal vesicle and ductal system.