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Objective To research sorption of local anesthetic by fat emulsion with different content of lipid in vitro and then to discuss the mechanism of action of fat emulsion for treatment of local anesthetic toxicity. Methods 10%,20%,30% fat emulsion was added to the bupivacaine hydrochloride and ropivacaine hydrochloride.After the mixture was vortexed for 10 mins,it was vibrated in thermostatic water bath at 37 ℃ for 15 h,then centrifugated and got the aqueous phase to HPLC test.The chromatography was carried on a C18column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm ),the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-natrium biphosphoricum(25:75),the flow rate was 1 mL·min-1,the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. Results Under the condition of this test,the linear ranges and linear equations for bupivacaine hydrochloride and ropivacaine hydrochloride were 0.3-3.0 μg·mL-1,Y=0.093 6X-0.017 3(r=0.999 6),and 0.3-3.0 μg·mL-1,Y=0.086 6X-0.022 3(r=0.999 1) respectively.The lowest limit of quantitation were both 0.05 μg·mL-1(S/N>3),and the ingredients showed good relationships between the peak area and the concentration.Sample reproducibility was good because the test sample was stable in 5 h.The extraction rates of bupivacaine hydrochloride by 10%,20%,30% fat emulsion were 46.0%,70. 4%,89.2% respectively.The extraction rates of ropivacaine hydrochloride by 10%,20%,30% fat emulsion were 51.3%,71.6%, 90.7% respectively. Conclusion Electric potential and the pH value of the 10%,20%,30% fat emulsion are similar,while the particle size increase slightly.Free bupivacaine hydrochloride and ropivacaine hydrochloride can be absorbed and with the increase of fat content,the extraction of local anesthetic is increased.The mechanism of action of fat for the treatment of local anesthetic toxicity maybe related to that fat emulsions can provided lipid,so that the excessive local anesthetic or those which had already distributesd in tissue can re-dispersed in lipid,and then the plasma concentration of local anesthetic is reduced,the toxicity is also reduced.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between rs7903146-T/C polymorphism of transcription factor7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) gene and gestational diabetes mellitus in Han population of Liaoning province.Methods The rs7903146-T/C polymorphism was detected in 115 healthy Han controls and 113 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.Results There were three genotypes:CC,CT,and TT; and their frequencies in control group and patients were 95.65％/84.96％,4.35％/15.04％,and 0/0,respectively.The allele frequency T of rs7903146 in control group and the patients was 2.17％ and 7.52％,respectively.There was statistical difference between two groups.Conclusions The rs7903146-T/C polymorphism of TCF7L2 might be associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in Liaoning Han population.
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@#ObjectiveTo determine the static equilibrium of elderly individuals over the age of 60 and the correlation to the age. Methods142 elderly subjects (60～95 years old) were divided into 7 groups: 60～65 years old group, 66～70 years old group, 71～75 years old group, 76～80 years old group, 81～85 years old group, 86～90 years group, and >90 years old group, 24 cases 18～30 years old as the control. The static equilibrium was examined by measuring the stability index （ST） and the spectrum analysis of postural sway under following 4 conditions: standing on solid surface with eyes open （NO），standing on solid surface with eyes closed （NC）， standing on pillows with eyes open （PO）， and standing on pillows with eyes closed （PC） using Tetrax Balance System. ResultsThe ST and the intensity of postural sway increased in the elderly group compared with the control group. NO: there were significant differences (P<0.01) in ST, F1, F4, F6, F8 among the 81～85 years group, 86～90 years old group, >90 years old group and the control group. NC: there were significant differences (P<0.01) in ST, F1, F4 among all the elderly groups and the control group, and in F6, F8 among the >66 years groups and the control group（P<0.05）. PO: there were significant differences (P<0.01) in ST, F4, F6 among the >66 years old groups and the control group, and in F1, F8 among the >71 years old groups and the control group（P<0.05）. PC: there were significant differences (P<0.01) in ST, F4 among all the elderly groups and the control group, in F6 among the >66 years groups and the control group, in F8 among the >76 years old groups and the control group, and in F1 among the >80 years old groups and the control group（P<0.05）. The ST distributed as NOP<0.01）. There were similar changes in the intensity of postural sway of F1, F4, F6, F8 bands. ConclusionThere is the significant decline of the static equilibrium in the subjects aged 80 or over and no significant decline of the static equilibrium in the subjects aged 60～80 whose compensation in the static balance may decrease.
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@#Objective To explore the factors related with the quality of life in the elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods 92elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis were tested with short-form 36 health survey scale (SF-36), visual analogue pain scale (VAS), 5times' movement of sit-to-stand, 10 m walking speed, 3 m timed-up and walking test. At the same time, the radiological grades of knees andthe total amount of chronic diseases were collected. Results The VAS of knee pain, the course of knee osteoarthritis, the total amount ofchronic diseases and 10-m walking speed were related with SF-36 score (P<0.01). Conclusion Knee pain, course of knee osteoarthritis, totalamount of chronic diseases and walking ability are related with the quality of life in the elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis, especiallyfor knee pain.
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@#ObjectiveTo assess the effect of the vestibular, visual, and somato-sensation on the fall risk in elderly individuals. Methods56 subjects aged 60 or over were measured with the static postural stability and fall risk, including stability index （ST）, the body weight distribution index (WDI) and the fall index (FI) under 4 conditions: standing on solid surface with eyes open （NO），standing on solid surface with eyes closed （NC）， standing on pillows with eyes open （PO），and standing on pillows with eyes closed （PC）. ResultsThe mean of fall index of all subjects was (48.21±26.47). The ST was different among groups, which was PC>PO>NC>NO （P=0.000），but no significant differences were noted between PO and NC groups （P=0.705）. The WDI was not significantly different among the 4 groups (P>0.05）. The FI was correlated with ST （P<0.05）, but not correlated with the WDI（P>0.05）. ConclusionAll of the vestibular, visual, and somato-sensory systems play an important role in the balance, postural stability and falls. The ST is sensitive to evaluate the static balance function and associated with the fall risk in an elderly population. The WDI is not sensitive enough to evaluate the static balance function and fall risk.