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Introduction: Effective Leadership is an essential factor for success of an organization. In new century, it is believed that using transformative leadership style by managers cause increase of organizational commitment by the employees. Therefore, this research is aimed to determine the relationship of transformative leadership style of managers with organizational commitment of employees in Tehran University of Medical Sciences [TUMS] at 2015

Methods: The study was a cross - the cross on the 70 managers and 225 staff were made at various levels. Multifactorial questionnaire transformational leadership and organizational commitment Allan Mayer questionnaire was used. To calculate descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and analytical tests such as t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used statistical software SPSS version 19

Results: The headquarters managers had desired transformative leadership style, and also the employees had moderate organizational commitment. Moreover, There was significant relationship between the managers' transformational leadership style with employees' organizational commitment [P=0.007]

Conclusion: Concerning with significant relationship between transformative leadership style with organizational commitment, it is expected that with paying attention to using transformative leadership, it is used for selection of headquarters managers in order to improvement of the employees organizational commitment as an one of the important factor

Innovation Network Development Model in Telemedicine: A Change in Participation / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVES: This paper introduces a telemedicine innovation network and reports its implementation in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The required conditions for the development of future projects in the field of telemedicine are also discussed; such projects should be based on the common needs and opportunities in the areas of healthcare, education, and technology. METHODS: The development of the telemedicine innovation network in Tehran University of Medical Sciences was carried out in two phases: identifying the beneficiaries of telemedicine, and codification of the innovation network memorandum; and brainstorming of three workgroup members, and completion and clustering ideas. The present study employed a qualitative survey by using brain storming method. Thus, the ideas of the innovation network members were gathered, and by using Freeplane software, all of them were clustered and innovation projects were defined. RESULTS: In the services workgroup, 87 and 25 ideas were confirmed in phase 1 and phase 2, respectively. In the education workgroup, 8 new programs in the areas of telemedicine, tele-education and teleconsultation were codified. In the technology workgroup, 101 and 11 ideas were registered in phase 1 and phase 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Today, innovation is considered a major infrastructural element of any change or progress. Thus, the successful implementation of a telemedicine project not only needs funding, human resources, and full equipment. It also requires the use of innovation models to cover several different aspects of change and progress. The results of the study can provide a basis for the implementation of future telemedicine projects using new participatory, creative, and innovative models.

Attention and related factors in Tehran night shift prehospital emergency personnel

Background: Emergency medical services [EMS] staff can play an important role in the survival and prevention of serious injuries to patients if they are in good physical and mental health and focus on doing their jobs with sufficient attention. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate attention level and its related factors in night shift prehospital emergency personnel

Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytic study. A total of 114 Tehran prehospital emergency staff participated in this study. Pen and paper Bonnardel test and a questionnaire was used to collect information. The attention of the participants was assessed around 10-11 PM and 4-5 AM. The data were analyzed by using the Spearman correlation coefficient and independent t test

Results: Mean attention level of EMS staff was 0.490 +/- 0.237 around 10-11 PM and 0.456 +/- 0.252 around 4-5 AM. There was no statistically significant difference between the attention level of prehospital emergency staff around 10-11 PM and 4-5 AM [P?0.01]. Also, there was significant difference between age and the night attention [P<0.01]

Conclusion: The mean level of night attention of EMS staff was moderate. Therefore, based on the average number of daily missions in different bases, we recommend increasing the number of ambulances in the base or the number of bases in the crowded emergency areas. It is also necessary to increase welfare and nutritional facilities in prehospital emergency bases so that those who are older and experienced carry out fewer missions

Quantum leadership: the implication for Iranian nursing leaders

Quantum organizations are referred where stakeholders know how to access the infinite potential of the quantum field. Viewing healthcare organizations from perspective of quantum theory suggest new approaches into management techniques for effective and efficient delivery of healthcare services. This research is aimed to determine the quantum skills, quantum leadership characteristics and functions of Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals' nursing administrators. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 25 nursing administrators of Tehran University of Medical Sciences [TUMS] hospitals, Tehran, Iran. The research tool for data collection was a self-constructed questionnaire that measured the quantum skills, quantum leadership characteristics and functions of TUMS hospitals' nursing administrators. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by 5 management science experts and its reliability was performed by using test-retest method yielded a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.90. Data were collected and analyzed by SPSS software and t-test statistical methods. The results of this research showed that all respondents had desired quantum skills [75.71 +/- 5.98], quantum leadership characteristics [82.01 +/- 6.77], and quantum leadership functions [78.57 +/- 6.28] and total quantum leadership [78.76 +/- 4.50]. Also, passing management training courses of the respondents was significantly correlated with their quantum leadership. Iranian healthcare organizations require quantum leadership that provides an important resource to advance Iranian nursing leadership to the organizational excellence. We hope Iranian hospitals' nursing leaders who have quantum skills potentially, present a highly developed sense of self and the ability to improve nursing care outcomes in these hospitals

Ethnic differences and motivation based on Maslow's theory on Iranian employees

The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory had been fulfilled and to compare the Maslow's hierarchy of needs among Iranian different ethnic groups at Tehran University of Medical Sciences [TUMS]. This research was a descriptive-analytical study which conducted among administrative employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran, Iran. The structured questionnaire consisted of 20 questions and demographic details. Each question had 4 parts to measure Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The questionnaire was distributed randomly among 133 employees to fill-up the demographic details and the other questions. Data was collected and analyzed by SPSS software, and One Way ANOVA, T-test, Spearman and Mann Whitney statistical methods. TUMS ethnic groups of the employees placed most importance on Basic, Self-esteem and Self-actualization. In addition, we found that Persians, Mazandaranians, and Turks ethnic groups, scored the most mean for Maslow's hierarchical needs compared to the other ethnic groups. Basic needs and safety needs is available amongst the different ethnic groups in Iran. As though, self-actualization needs are ultimate human goal, Iranian employees ethnic groups pay emphasis on these needs. We believe that new structures and work practices such as prevailing cultural values and beliefs of the society or the organizations must be explored if Iranian-based organizations want to remain responsive to the needs of the workplace

Life change units [LCU] rating as stressors in Iranian hospitals' nurses

Healthcare workers suffer from work-related or occupational stress. This can lead to severe distress, burnout or physical illness, and finally to decrease quality of work life and services provision. Nurses must be aware of retential stressors, because they add to the cumulative effect of other stressful events. Holmes and Rahe both found a relationship between life change unit as stressors and health changes. This research reported here aims to measure the life change units as stressors among Iranian Hospitals Nurses by LCU rating. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 389 nurses working in 15 teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The respondents were asked to select each of 54 events that cause stress ranked in order of their life change units developed by Holmes and Rahe as stress scale. Before beginning the main study, the reliability and coincidental validity was performed. All data were analyzed using SPSS for windows version 18, t-test, Anova statistical methods. Approximately, half of the nurses associated major mortgage, foreclosure of mortgage or loan. More than 50% of the Iranian nurses had 150-300 and more than 300 LCU rating which had the chance to expose to extremely serious risk to health. Iranian hospitals nurses suffer from stress that caused by Life Change Units organizational factors such as change in the financial state, change in the work environment and major mortgage. We recommend to Iranian nursing policy-makers to choose strategies to help nurses' cope effectively with workplace stressors. Nursing managers and / or nursing management should develop strategies to address and improve the quality of working conditions for nurses in the hospitals. Providing educational and career prospects can contribute to decrease nurses' occupational stress level, the maintaining their work ability

[Internal evaluation in Department of Health Care Management in School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences]

The internal evaluation is a process to improve the quality of the education using the collection and judgment of data. Considering some principles about educational measurement and data collection causes better recognizing of this process. In this study, we conducted the internal evaluation of Department of Health Care Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, which is responsible for training healthcare management students; in this study, we used the opinion poll of university lecturers, students and graduates, and evaluated their system of education in 2006, Their aim was to remodel and adjust their educational system with the society's needs and to promote the quality of such education. The methodology was descriptive and cross sectional that implemented applied manner in 2006 and in Department of Health Care Management. All the research population filled a questionnaire with these factors considered with criteria and indicators: missions' statement and goals; management and organizational structure; faculty board members; students; training and learning process: educational course and curriculum; graduated students; educational and research facilities and equipments; and research. At least, gathered data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and SPSS software tools. In findings, maximum utility was faculty board members factor with 3.53 out of 5 points [70%], and minimum utility was for research factor with 2.4 of 5 points [36.6%]. Consideration of factors, studied educational faculty was rather utilized. The analysis of SWOTs show that studied educational school can obtain upper points in later evaluations

[ comparative survey between patient rights charters of Iran and other countries]

In many developed countries, there are fundamental rights to regulate medical care providers' performance. Compilation of the patient's rights charter depends on society requirements in every country, but it seems there are some similarities between patient's rights charters of all countries. The aim of this study was to compare patient's rights charter of Iran with other countries. All medical ethics papers which published and presented in Iran and recorded in Medical Ethics Centre of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and patient's rights charters available in the website of chosen countries and WHO Regional Office were assessed for this study. The elements of these charters were compared with each other and with patient's rights charter of Iran. Twenty nine elements of patient's rights charters were identified; 72.41% of all studied elements were observed in Council of European Union; and in New Zealand patient's rights charter only 10.34% of these elements were observed. In patients' rights charter of Iran, 20.68% of these elements were observed. Only 6 out of 29 elements of patient's rights charter are observed in Iran. Therefore, it seems that patient's rights charter of Iran is not sufficient and it needs to be improved

[Presenting a new model for hospital care]

Competitive market in health system of developing countries results in revision of hospital care. Therefore it seems that using of abilities of multi functional physicians, who are known as "Hospitalist" is very important and effective. These physicians play various roles in hospitals. Their duties begin at the time of patient's reference. They could also assign a part of their time to taking history and providing the records for patient files. In circumstances which management of the patients is not possible in hospital, they can coordinate the transmission of patients to other hospitals. They can start CPR procedure before the specialist could reach to patient's bed. hospitalists are able to provide and document patient's clinical situation before surgical procedures. Availability in different times is the most important positive characteristic of Hospitalists. Experiences reveal improvement of hospital cares and patients satisfaction after recruitment of hospitalists