A Survey of Patient Monitoring Alarms in Cardiac Care Units / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The patient monitors were used to explore the alarm fatigue in a cardiac care unit and to investigate the awareness and reaction of nurse to alarms.@*METHODS@#A semi-structured survey was taken to acquire nurses' feeling and knowledge about monitoring alarm. Three full-time researchers were scheduled to track the alarms with annotations, and analyze the alarm data of 12 patient monitors using central monitoring system.@*RESULTS@#A total of 72 310 unique alarms occurred in the 67-day study period. About 75.7% of them were physiological alarms and less than 10% of medium-low alarms were false positives. The average alarm rate was 128 alarms/patient-day.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There remains alarm fatigue in CCU, the alarm accuracy has improved than the past by applying new technologies. In some cases, clinicians will pay more attention to trend alarm and combination alarm.

Development of new methods for the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Development of new methods, ELISA and immunostrip test, for the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The engineering purified antigens coat plate or absorb on nitrocellulose filter. The plate and diagnostic strips carrying antigens were used for detection of IgG antibody in the sera from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and outpatients patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>127 cases sera from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were parallel detected TK/IgG antibody by ELISA and immunostrips. The TK/IgG antibody are all positive in the 127 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. 55 cases show positive by ELISA, 58 cases positive by immunostrips in 247cases sera from outpatient. The antibody positive rate to early antigen p54 lower then to TK. Conclusion ELISA and imuunostrips are sensitive and specific means for detection of the IgG antibody to TK of EBV and the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</p>

Inhibitory effects of AcSDKP on proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro / 生理学报

The tetrapeptide N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), a physiological regulator of cell proliferation, has been principally reported as a potent inhibitor of the proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells and progenitors. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the AcSDKP may directly affect the proliferative potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. We added AcSDKP to the cultures of human bone marrow mononuclear cells and measured the number and average area of MSC colonies. MTT colorimetric assay and mitotic index determination were further used to examine the proliferative state of the third passage MSCs in subcultures with or without the addition of AcSDKP. In addition, we evaluated whether AcSDKP may kill MSCs by the trypan blue dye exclusion test. The results showed that the colony forming capacity, the number of viable cells and the mitotic index were reduced in human bone marrow MSCs cultured in 1x10(-12) mol/L to 1x10(-9) mol/L AcSDKP. Maximum inhibitory activity appeared in 1x10(-11) mol/L of AcSDKP. No difference in percent of living cells was observed between the MSC subcultures with and without the addition of AcSDKP. As a result, AcSDKP within a certain range of concentrations has negatively regulatory effects on the proliferation of human bone marrow MSCs in vitro.

Preparation of monoclonal antibody against HPT and its application to detecting marker protein in genetically modified rice / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To produce the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against hygromycin B phosphotransferase (HPT) and to develop immunoassay based on mAbs for biosafety assessment of HPT in genetically modified rice (GM rice).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BALB/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant 6His. HPT protein, and the conventional hybridoma technology was used to generate the monoclonal hybridoma cells. ELISA and Western blot were used to analyze the specificity of mAbs recognizing HPT and the cross reaction with other proteins. A double-Ab sandwich ELISA method was established to detect HPT expression level in the sck gene-modified rice plants.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four hybridomas, named F1, D4-2, D4-4, and D4-5, producing the mAbs against HPT were successfully obtained with the titer of ascetic mAbs ranging from 1x10(-4) to 1x10(-5). Identification of subclass showed that all the produced mAbs belonged to IgG1. Western blot showed specific binding reaction between the mAbs to the HPT proteins expressed in the GM rice. A double sandwich ELISA coated with anti-HPT polyclonal antibody was established with mAbs as sandwich antibody, which showed a sensitivity of 30ng/mL and did not crossreact with other proteins. The expression level of HPT in the leaves of sck-transformed lines was detected (80-150ng/mL). But HPT protein in the grain and seed of GM rice could not be detected using this ELISA assay.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Anti-HPT mAbs prepared herein have a high specificity and can be used for rapid assay of HPT antigen. The expression level of HPT in the GM rice grain and seed is lower than our ELISA detection limit.</p>

Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The causal agent for SARS is considered as a novel coronavirus that has never been described both in human and animals previously. The stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and in environments was studied.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using a SARS coronavirus strain CoV-P9, which was isolated from pharyngeal swab of a probable SARS case in Beijing, its stability in mimic human specimens and in mimic environment including surfaces of commonly used materials or in household conditions, as well as its resistance to temperature and UV irradiation were analyzed. A total of 10(6) TCID50 viruses were placed in each tested condition, and changes of the viral infectivity in samples after treatments were measured by evaluating cytopathic effect (CPE) in cell line Vero-E6 at 48 h after infection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that SARS coronavirus in the testing condition could survive in serum, 1:20 diluted sputum and feces for at least 96 h, whereas it could remain alive in urine for at least 72 h with a low level of infectivity. The survival abilities on the surfaces of eight different materials and in water were quite comparable, revealing reduction of infectivity after 72 to 96 h exposure. Viruses stayed stable at 4 degrees C, at room temperature (20 degrees C) and at 37 degrees C for at least 2 h without remarkable change in the infectious ability in cells, but were converted to be non-infectious after 90-, 60- and 30-min exposure at 56 degrees C, at 67 degrees C and at 75 degrees C, respectively. Irradiation of UV for 60 min on the virus in culture medium resulted in the destruction of viral infectivity at an undetectable level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The survival ability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and in environments seems to be relatively strong. Heating and UV irradiation can efficiently eliminate the viral infectivity.</p>