Reconstruction of rabbit urethra using urethral extracellular matrix / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility of reconstruction of rabbit urethra using urethral extracellular matrix.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Extracellular matrix was obtained from the urethra of 20 donor New Zealand rabbits. In experimental group, 20 rabbits underwent segmental urethral resection (about 1.0 to 1.5 cm in length) and the defects were replaced by a tube of extracellular matrix. The serum TNFalpha was detected by ELISA to assess the immunity response preoperatively and 12, 24, 48 h postoperatively. The regenerated urethral segments were taken for histologic and pathologic study 10 days, 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 24 weeks after operation. The urodynamics, urethroscopy and urethrography were also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum TNFalpha in experiment group slightly rised, with no significant difference when compared with that in control group. 10 days after operation, epithelial cell migrated into the extracellular matrix from two ends, and small vessels were also found. 3 weeks later, several layers of urothelium covered the whole surface of the matrix tube. 6 weeks later, the irregularly arranged smooth muscle fibers were fist observed by Van Gieson staining. 24 weeks after operation, the smooth muscle cells increased, the appearance of the regenerated urethra segments were very similar to normal urethral wall components. The urethrography and urodynamic evaluation revealed no difference between the normal and the regenerated urethral tube.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The urethral extracellular matrix might be an ideal replacement material for urethral defect.</p>

Curative effect and histocompatibility evaluation of reconstruction of traumatic defect of rabbit urethra using extracellular matrix / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the curative effect and histocompatibility of reconstruction of traumatic urethral defect of rabbit using urethral extracellular matrix (ECM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Urethral ECM was obtained by excision of the urethra in 20 donor rabbits. In experimental group, 20 rabbits were resected a 1.0 cm-1.5 cm segment of the urethra and artificially made a model of traumatic urethral defect, then reconstructed by the urethral extracellular matrix of the same length. The rabbit immunity response was assessed by lymphocyte transformation test and serum TNF-alpha level. The reconstructed urethral segments were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Van Gieson stain and observed by histological examination postoperatively. The urethrography, urethroscopy and urodynamic examinations were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in stimulative index of lymphocyte transformation between ECM group and control group. The serum TNF-alpha levels of ECM group slightly rose, but the increase was not significant as compared with control group. On postoperative day 10, epithelial cell had migrated from each side and small vessels were found in the extracellular matrix. In the 3rd week, several layers of urothelium covered the whole surface of the matrix tube. In the 6th week, the disorganized arrangements of smooth muscle fibers were firstly observed by Van Gieson staining. In the 24th week, the smooth muscle cells increased and the matrix tube appeared fairly similar to normal urethral wall components. The urethroscopy and urodynamic evaluation revealed that the surface of reconstructed urethra was smooth and emiction was unobstructed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The urethral extracellular matrix might be an ideal and safe biomaterial for the reconstruction of urethral traumatic defect.</p>

Massage of transrectal heat rotating magnetic field in the treatment of obstinate hemospermia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of transrectal heat rotating magnetic field in the treatment of obstinate hemospermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-eight cases of obstinate hemospermia were selected and treated by routine ways and massage by transrectal heat rotating magnetic field. The device of transrectal heat rotating magnetic field was used, 45 min/section/day, 10 sections as one sequence. The morphology of prostate and seminal vesicle by ultrasonic and red blood cells in sperm were observed and compared before and after the treatment, and then all the cases were followed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After one to four sequences, among 64 cases, which were caused by prostatitis and spermatocystitis, the cure rate was 81.25% (52 cases) and availability rate was 18.75% (12 cases). Sixty-two cases were followed for one to ten years, in which 6 cases intercurrently relapsed because of drinking, fatigue and frequent sexual intercourse, and then the symptom was controlled after restarting the treatment. Among 68 cases, 4 cases were verumontanum polyps and the symptom was disappeared after electrocautery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Routine treatment with massage by transrectal heat rotating magnetic field have remarkable therapeutic effects on obstinate hemospermia.</p>

Reconstruction of rabbit urethra using urethral extracellular matrix / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Urethral reconstruction for both congenital and acquired etiologies remains a challenge for most urologic surgeons. Tissue engineering has been proposed as a strategy for urethral reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a naturally derived extracellular matrix substitute developed for urethral reconstruction would be suitable for urethral repair in an animal model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A urethral segmental defect was created in 20 male rabbits. The urethral extracellular matrix, obtained and processed from rabbit urethral tissue, was trimmed and transplanted to repair the urethral defect. Then, the regenerated segment was studied histologically by haematoxylin-eosin staining and Van Gieson staining at 10 days, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and 24 weeks postoperation. Retrograde urethrography was used to evaluate the function of the regenerated urethras of 4 rabbits 10 and 24 weeks after the operation. The urodynamics of 4 rabbits from the experimental group and control group I were assessed and compared. In addition, 4 experimental group rabbits were examined by a urethroscope 24 weeks after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 10 days after operation, epithelial cells had migrated from each side, and small vessels were observed in the extracellular matrix. The matrix and adjacent areas of the host tissue were infiltrated with inflammatory cells. The epithelium covered the extracellular matrix fully at 3 weeks postoperation. Well-formed smooth-muscle cells were first confirmed after 6 weeks, at which point the inflammatory cells had disappeared. At 24 weeks postoperation, the regenerated tissue was equivalent to the normal urethra. Urethrography and urodynamic evaluations showed that there was no difference between normal tissue and regenerated tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Urethral extracellular matrix appears to be a useful material for urethral repair in rabbits. The matrix can be processed easily and has good characteristics for tissue handling and urethral function.</p>

Allotransplantation of spermatogonial stem cells in KM mice / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility of spermatogonial stem cell allotransplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The spermatogonial stem cell allotransplantation was performed, without the use of immune inhibitor, in KM mice of similar gene types, and the spermatogenesis in recipients' testes was evaluated. The right testes were pierced for transplantation while the left ones were taken as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Allotransplant germ cells in KM mice can recover normal function of spermatogenesis in the transplanted testis without any immune suppression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allospermatogonial stem cells can be transplanted successfully among KM mice.</p>