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BACKGROUND@#Liver biopsy for the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is limited by its inherent invasiveness and possible sampling errors. Some studies have shown that cytokeratin-18 (CK-18) concentrations may be useful in diagnosing NASH, but results across studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to identify the utility of CK-18 M30 concentrations as an alternative to liver biopsy for non-invasive identification of NASH.@*METHODS@#Individual data were collected from 14 registry centers on patients with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and in all patients, circulating CK-18 M30 levels were measured. Individuals with a NAFLD activity score (NAS) ≥5 with a score of ≥1 for each of steatosis, ballooning, and lobular inflammation were diagnosed as having definite NASH; individuals with a NAS ≤2 and no fibrosis were diagnosed as having non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL).@*RESULTS@#A total of 2571 participants were screened, and 1008 (153 with NAFL and 855 with NASH) were finally enrolled. Median CK-18 M30 levels were higher in patients with NASH than in those with NAFL (mean difference 177 U/L; standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.87 [0.69-1.04]). There was an interaction between CK-18 M30 levels and serum alanine aminotransferase, body mass index (BMI), and hypertension ( P < 0.001, P = 0.026 and P = 0.049, respectively). CK-18 M30 levels were positively associated with histological NAS in most centers. The area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) for NASH was 0.750 (95% confidence intervals: 0.714-0.787), and CK-18 M30 at Youden's index maximum was 275.7 U/L. Both sensitivity (55% [52%-59%]) and positive predictive value (59%) were not ideal.@*CONCLUSION@#This large multicenter registry study shows that CK-18 M30 measurement in isolation is of limited value for non-invasively diagnosing NASH.
Subject(s)
Humans , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis , Keratin-18 , Biomarkers , Biopsy , Hepatocytes/pathology , Apoptosis , Liver/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the efficacy and safety of Zhuang medicine medicated thread moxibustion (ZMTM) on psoriasis vulgaris.@*METHODS@#A multicenter, randomized, parallel controlled clinical trial was designed. A total of 241 outpatients with psoriasis vulgaris were randomly divided into a control group (120 cases) and a treatment group (121 cases) using a central block randomization from June 2015 to May 2018. The control group was treated with Western medicines alone including pidotimod dispersible tablets, vitamin B compound tablets, and compound cod liver oil-zinc oxide ointment. The treatment group was treated with ZMTM every 2 days combined with Western medicines. The two groups received continuous intervention for 30 days. The primary outcome was Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and the secondary outcomes included Itch Rating Scale, Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), as well as PASI response rate. Meanwhile, adverse events were evaluated during the whole clinical trial. Follow-up was carried out 30 days after treatment.@*RESULTS@#There were 5 cases of shedding in this trial. In intention-to-treat analysis, 236 cases were included and each group contained 118 cases. On the 30th and 60th days, PASI scores of patients in each group were significantly lower than that at baseline (P<0.01) and the PASI score reduction of the treatment group was greater than that of the control group (P<0.01). Itch Rating Scale, DLQI, and HAMA scale were decreased in both groups after treatment, and the treatment group showed a better therapeutic effect (P<0.01). The response rates of PASI 50 and 75 were significantly higher than those in the control group [81.4% (96/118), 43.2% (51/118) vs. 41.5% (49/118), 11.0% (13/118), respectively, P<0.05]. During follow-up, the improvements in scores of PASI, Itch Rating Scale, DLQI, and HAMA of the treatment group were significantly greater than those of the control group (P<0.01). The response rates of PASI 50 and 75 in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, respectively (both P<0.05). No obvious adverse reaction was found in either group.@*CONCLUSION@#ZMTM combined with Western medicines showed a better therapeutic effect in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris without obvious adverse reaction. (Trial Registration No. ChiCTR-IOR-16008159).
Subject(s)
Humans , Moxibustion/adverse effects , Psoriasis/drug therapy , Quality of Life , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To develop a method to evaluate the compatibility of compounds in the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) model for β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitor screening.METHODS Two commercially available BACE1 inhibitor screening systems based on FRET were selected to evaluate the BACE1 inhibitory activities of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and Compound 1 according to the supplier's protocol.The inhibitory rates and slopes of the catalytic curves of the inhibitors were calculated.The effect of inhibitors on the fluorescence intensity of the systems were quantitatively calculated and the comparatively evaluated.RESULTS EGCG,a reported non-competitive inhibitor of BACE1,directly induced the reduction of fluorescence intensity of one of the systems.The slope of the line with the addition of EGCG (10.8±2.6) conformed to that of the line of EGCG inhibition (10.2±3.4),which indicated that EGCG was a pseudo-positive inhibitor of BACE1.Compound 1 had little effect on the fluorescence intensity of the systems,so the inhibitory activity of Compound 1 was confirmed.The compounds which showed inhibitory activity in preliminary screening should be checked in the blank control without BACE1 to calibrate the effect of compound on the system fluorescence intensity.The applicability of the tested compounds in the screening system could thus be evaluated to prevent pseudo-positive results.CONCLUSION This fluorescence calibration method with compound control can be universally used for assays based on FRET theory to evaluate the applicability of tested BACE1 inhibitors.
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We studied the death pattern and the main causes of death after artificial liver inoculation with alveolar hydatid model,and explored the risk factors and prevention of major complications resulting from death after modeling.The 50 healthy Kunming mice were inoculated with open-staring liver puncture and the physiological changes of the mice were observed dy-namically within 1 5 days after operation.The time and amount of death were recorded,and the causes of death and related fac-tors were analyzed emphatically.On the 1 5 day after surgery,1 9 died;1 died in the ninth day,and the remaining 1 8 died with-in 7 days of the operation.The postoperative death rate began to rise in the second day,and gradually decreased to 1 after the peak of the 4 th and 5 th days.The main causes of death of the mice after inoculation were closely related to the complications of surgical methods,anaesthesia,infection,antigenicity of vesicle,and liver injury.Effective prevention of these complications is the key to improve the survival rate.
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Objective To observe the effect of lentiviral vector-mediated basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene transfection on the biological characteristics of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)under in vitro culture conditions. Methods BMSCs were obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening. The bFGF gene was transfected into BMSCs by lentiviral vector and divided into bFGF transfection group,empty virus group and untransfected group according to the transfection conditions.After transfection,the morphology,expressions of bFGF mRNA and protein, cell proliferation,cell cycle and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity were observed in three groups of cells. Results High density BMSCs were successfully obtained by density gradient centrifugation and adherence screening.After transfection of BMSCs with bFGF gene, the cell morphology showed no significant changes, while the expressions of bFGF mRNA and protein were significantly increased, the cell proliferation curve shifted upward, the proportion of proliferating cells increased,and the activity of ALP was significantly enhanced.There were significant differences between three groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The rabbit bFGF gene is successfully introduced into the BMSCs cultured in vitro by lentiviral vector, and the target gene is stably expressed.The expression of bFGF can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
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Objective To investigate the value of parametric imaging of CEUS in uterine fibroids with different signal intensity on T2WI by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU),and dynamic vascular pattern (DVP).Methods Totally 16 patients with single uterine fibroids were divided into high intensity group (n=6),isointensity group (n=4) and low intensity group (n=6) according the signal intensity on T2WI before HIFU treatment.CEUS were performed on each patient.SonoLive CAP software was used to analyze the CEUS images and DVP parametric images were reconstructed.Results The maximum intensity,rising time,time to peak and mean transit time were (235.40± 35.46)％,(22.80± 3.16)s,(25.09±2.44)s,(125.78 ± 27.63)s in high intensity group,(71.97± 2.43) ％,(24.85±3.22)s,(32.81±3.92)s,(66.52±3.48)s in isointensity group and (16.17±2.83) ％,(25.42±2.66)s,(32.82±3.76)s,(64.27±3.33)s in low intensity group.There were statistically significant differences among three groups (all P＜0.05).DVP curve was divided into two types:non-washout in high intensity group and cystic type in low intensity group.Conclusion CEUS and DVP imaging can directly quantitively display the difference of blood perfusion among the uterine fibroids with different signal intensity on T2WI which can provide important information for HIFU treatment in uterine fibroids.
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Objective To discuss the feasibility of using 3D printing-assisted precise microcatheter shaping technology in the embolization of intracranial aneurysms.Methods From November 2015 to April 2016,a total of 13 patients with intracranial aneurysm were treated with interventional embolization therapy.During the performance of the procedure,3D printing-assisted precise microcatheter shaping technology was employed.The accuracy of microcatheter position and the stability of the microcatheter were used to evaluate the shaping effect.Results During the performance of interventional embolization,the microcatheter was precisely placed to the right site in all 13 patients with intracranial aneurysm,the catheter tip position remained stable and the aneurysm was densely obstructed.In ten patients,no complications such as rupture of aneurysm occurred,and postoperative recovery was fine.One patient,whose Hunt-Hess classification was grade V,died after the treatment.One patient developed rupture of aneurysm during the procedure,which was considered to occur probably during the anesthesia induction process.One patient developed bleeding due to re-rupture of the aneurysm before the procedure.Conclusion With the help of 3D printing-assisted precise microcatheter shaping technology,the precisely shaped microcatheter can be smoothly inserted to,and can keep stable in,the right site,which is helpful for successfully accomplishing the operation and effectively reducing the occurrence of procedure-related complications.
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Objective To establish a convenient and rapid method for extracting DNA from bone.Methods Fifteen long bone samples were washed and sterilized.The skeletal fragments were obtained by electric drill,and lysed by PrepFiler Express BTATM lysis buffer.DNA was then manually extracted by silicon microbeads for further analysis.Results STR genotyping was successfully obtained in 14 out of the 15 samples,and the detection rate was 93.33％.Conclusion The method for DNA extraction from bone established in present study is convenient,quick,effective,and with a strong applicability,which is worth spreading and applying.
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Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD,CD34) in inoculated hepatic alveolar echinococcsis gerbil model and explore the clinical significance.Methods Sixty healthy gerbils were randomly divided into model group,control group and sham operation group.Each gerbil in both model and control groups had liver vaccination with 0.1 ml immature alveolar echinococcus protoscolex suspension or 0.1 ml phosphate buffered saline by open abdominal surgery,respectively,and the sham operation group only had abdominal surgical procedures.Gerbils were put to death on the 120th day post operation,extracted the eyeball and drawn the blood.The alveolar hydatid tissue,surrounding and distal liver tissue were removed from the model group,and normal liver tissue was collected from the other two groups.The VEGF and MVD-CD34 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining,Western Blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa).Results Liver alveolar echinococcsis tissue was only observed in model group.The VEGF expression was observed as yellow or brown yellow granules located in the cytoplasma.The VEGF score and VEGF/β-actin ratio in the different parts were 5.13 ± 1.81 and 1.12 ± 0.05,4.20 ± 1.52 and 0.91 ± 0.02,2.46 ± 1.06 and 0.28 ±0.02,2.20 ±0.77 and 0.30 ±0.02,2.13 ± 1.72 and 0.25 ±0.01,respectively.The VEGF expression in different histological sites showed a gradient change,and bubble hydatid tissues had the highest VEGF expression (P ＜ 0.05).CD34 was expressed in alveolar hydatid tissue and surrounding liver tissue in model group and the CD34 positive cells was stained brown,while CD34 was mainly located in the cell membrane of endothelial cells.The CD34 scores and the CD34/β-actin ratio in the different parts were 5.06 ± 2.46 and 0.66 ±0.01,2.43 ± 1.26 and 0.58 ±0.02,and the other tissues did not have CD34 expression.The alveolar hydatid tissue had higher CD34 expression than any other tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The respective serum VEGF and CD34 level in each group was (106.17 ± 14.17)pg/ml,(38.13 ± 21.36)pg/ml,(42.88 ±17.25) pg/ml,and (1.47 ± 0.28) ng/ml;(0.82 ± 0.12) ng/ml,(0.72 ± 0.16) ng/ml,both are higher in model group than those in the other groups with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Angiogenesis is detected in gerbil alveolar hydatid tissues,which might be involved in the infiltrating growth of alveococcus.
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Objective To study the prognosis of patients with asymptomatic gallstones and explore prognostic factors.Methods The clinical data of 227 patients with asymptomatic gallstones in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from December 2013 to March 2016 were collected.All patients were followed with questionnaire,finally 192 cases were had been enrolled,of which 57 cases with clinical symptoms were symptom group and 135 cases with no clinical symptons were asymptomatic group.The prognostic factors were analyzed by un-ivariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant difference in the num-ber of stones,stone size,diabetes,high fat diet and body mass index between the two groups(P <0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple stones,stone diameter ≥1 cm,diabetes were the major risk factors for prognosis in asymptomatic gallstones.Conclusion Multiple gallbladder stones,stone diameter ≥1 cm,diabetes,high fat diet and obesity may be the major prognostic factors for patients with a-symptomatic gallstones.
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Objective To evaluate the short-term and mid-to-long-term clinical effectiveness of endovascular isolation technique with covered-stent in treating Stanford type B aortic dissection. Methods A total of 183 patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection, who were admitted to authors’ hospital during the period from January 2005 to December 2013 to receive endovascular isolation treatment with covered-stent under general anaethesia, were enrolled in this study. The clinical data, including post-operative symptoms, complications, retention time in ICU, hospitalization days, 30-day mortality, etc. were retrospectively analyzed. After discharged from hospital, the patients were followed up to check the situation, position and shape of the stent, the diameter of dissection false lumen, the internal leakage, etc. The survival rate and the quality of life were determined. Results Endovascular isolation procedure with covered-stent was successfully accomplished in all the 183 cases. The retention time in ICU was (3.08 ± 1.93) days, the mean hospitalization time was (3.08 ± 1.93) days, and the 30-day mortality was 1.09%. After discharged from hospital, the patients were followed up regularly, and no collapse or displacement of stent was observed, and the stent remained in its normal shape. No recurrence of dissection, rupture or reversal tear was observed. No long existing internal leakage could be detected. During the follow-up period 4 patients died, among them three died from cerebral infarction and one died of natural death. The 5-year survival rate was 97.82% and the patient’s quality of life did not become apparently worse. Conclusion For the treatment of Stanford type B aortic dissection, endovascular isolation therapy with covered-stent has excellent short-term effect and stable mid-to-long-term result.
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One of the major circulatory changes that occur in human during space flight and simulated weightlessness is a cerebral redistribution of body fluids, which is accompanied by an increase of blood volume in the upper body. Therefore, atrial myocardium should increase the secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), but the researches lack common conclusion until now. The present study was to investigate the expression level of ANP in simulated weightlessness rats, and to confirm the changes of ANP by observing the associated proteins of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs). The tail-suspended rat model was used to simulate weightlessness. Western blots were carried out to examine the expression levels of ANP and SNARE proteins in atrial and left ventricular myocardium. The results showed that ANP expression in atrial myocardium showed an increase in 4-week tail-suspended rats (SUS) compared with that in the synchronous control rats (CON). We only detected a trace amount of ANP in the left ventricular myocardium of the CON, but found an enhanced expression of ANP in left ventricular myocardium of the SUS. Expression of VAMP-1/2 (vesicle associated SNARE) increased significantly in both atrial and left ventricular myocardium in the SUS compared with that in the CON. There was no difference of the expression of syntaxin-4 (target compartment associated SNARE) between the CON and SUS, but the expression of SNAP-23 showed an increase in atrial myocardium of the SUS compared with that in the CON. Synip and Munc-18c as regulators of SNAREs did not show significant difference between the CON and SUS. These results suggest that the expression of ANP shows an increase in atrial and left ventricular myocardium of 4-week tail-suspended rats. Enhanced expression of VAMP-1/2 associated with ANP vesicles confirms the increased expression of ANP in atrial and left ventricular myocardium.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Atrial Natriuretic Factor , Metabolism , Heart Ventricles , Metabolism , Myocardium , Metabolism , SNARE Proteins , Metabolism , Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 1 , Metabolism , Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 2 , Metabolism , Weightlessness SimulationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical and physical factors that might give rise to radiation-induced esophagitis in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To collect the clinical and physical records and follow-up information of 106 NSCLC patients without undergoing surgery in our hospital. χ(2) test, linear tendency test and analysis of variance were employed to analyze the relationship between occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis and clinical and physical treatment. Logistic analysis was also used for multivariate analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 47 cases of radiation-induced esophagitis, 31 cases were of grade I, 11 of grade II, 5 of grade III, and with a total occurrence rate of 44.3% (47/106). Radiation-induced esophagitis was correlated with Karnofsky scores, radiation sensitization and tumor location (χ(2) = 11.30, 8.45, 7.67, P < 0.05). Radiation-induced esophagitis was correlated with the length of irradiated esophagus and average dose of irradiated esophagus (F = 20.82, 83.08, P < 0.001). With the increase of the irradiated volume percentage from V20, V30, V40 up to V50, the occurrence rate of radiation-induced esophagitis was also increased, almost with a linear trend (P < 0.05). Application of all the above factors to logistic model indicated that radiation sensitization,length of irradiated esophagus, average dose and V50 were all statistically significant foactors in the occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis (OR = 0.321, 2.850, 7.307 and 8.558, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Radiation sensitization,length of irradiated esophagus, average dose of irradiated esophagus and V50 are independent factors in the occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis. V50 is of greater importance in the judgement of occurrence of radiation-induced esophagitis.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Radiotherapy , Esophagitis , Esophagus , Pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Lung Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Multivariate Analysis , Radiation Injuries , Radiation Tolerance , Radiotherapy Dosage , Radiotherapy, Conformal , Methods , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To explore whether the degree of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) uptake in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could be correlated with the treatment response to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.Methods A total of 102 patients with NSCLC were studied with 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT before radiotherapy.The patients were classified by a follow-up CT as responders (complete or partial remission) and non-responders (stable or progressive disease).After intravenous administration of 740 MBq 99Tcm-MIBI, SPECT imaging at 10-30 min (early) and 2-3 h (delayed) were performed.Region of interest (ROI) was placed over the tumors and contralateral normal lung tissue.The uptake ratio of tumor to contralateral normal lung (T/N) was obtained from both early (ER) and delayed (DR) SPECT images.The retention index (RI) was measured as:RI = (DR - ER)/ER×100%.Statistical analysis was performed by two independent-sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test using software SPSS 13.0.Results 99Tcm-MIBI uptake was significantly higher in responders than in non-responders:2.36 ±0.17 vs 1.82 ±0.14 (ER) and 2.48 ± 0.20 vs 1.94 ± 0.16 (DR), respectively (t = - 13.1,- 12.7, both P＜ 0.05).The median RI in the responders group was also significantly higher than that in the non-responders group (6.60% vs 5.13%, z = - 6.83, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ER, DR and RI of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT might be useful to estimate the treatment response to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in patients with NSCLC.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in female populations in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 1137 women aged 15-59 from Shahe Community, Nanshan District, Shenzhen were investigated for cervical cancer during an population-based epidemiological screening from November 2004 to December 2004. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), colposcopy, liquid-based cytology test (LCT), and hybrid capture 2 (HC-) were performed to detect the high-risk HPV types in cervical secretions. Biopsy under colposcope was performed in women who were HPV-positive with LCT >or= atypical squamous cells of undetermined sign (ASCUS) or HPV-negative with LCT >or= low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), with the pathological results as the golden standards.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The detection rate of high-risk HPV-DNA was 14.0%. HPV detection rates in 15-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, and 50-59 age groups were 15.5%, 17.7%, 12.6%, 8.8%, 10.2%, 15.3%, and 21.0%, respectively (P < 0.05). HPV detection rates in 25-29 years group and 50-59 years group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P < 0.05) and 35-39 group had the lowest detection rate. The curve of HPV infection rates in all groups was 'V' type. The overall incidence of CIN was 4.4%. The incidences of CIN , CIN , and CIN were 3.2%, 1.0%, and 0.3%, respectively, in which the incidence of CIN was significantly higher than those of CIN and . HPV detection rates increased with cervical lesion grades, which in >or=CIN groups and normal group were 100.0% and 8.3%, respectively. No cervical cancer was identified in this research. The sensitivities of VIA, colposcopy, LCT, and HC-II for high-risk HPV screening were 35.7%, 50.0%, 92.9%,and 100%, respectively, in detecting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), the specificities of these four methods were 96.0%, 87.2%, 88.4%, and 86.9%, respectively. Satisfactory negative predictive values were obtained for all methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HPV infection is the main risk factor for CIN. Cervical cancer among female populations in Shenzhen is still in early stages. Prevention of HPV infection and treatment of CIN are key for the prevention of cervical cancer.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Epidemiology , Chi-Square Distribution , China , Epidemiology , DNA, Viral , Incidence , Mass Screening , Methods , Papillomaviridae , Genetics , Papillomavirus Infections , Epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , DiagnosisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the rate of concordance between positive cervical cytologic interpretation based on liquid-based preparations and subsequent histologic diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Liquid-based cervical cytology (SurePath) was carried out in 15,393 patients. Cases with the cytologic diagnosis of epithelial cell abnormality were further investigated by human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing (Hybrid Capture II) for the high-risk HPV DNA, colposcopic examination and multiple cervical biopsies. The 2001 version of The Bethesda System for reporting gynecologic cytology was applied. Positive cytologic diagnosis included atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or above. Histologic correlation was available in some of the patients. The rate of concordance between positive cytologic interpretation and subsequent histologic diagnosis was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Amongst the 15,393 liquid-based cytology cases studied, the cytologic diagnosis of 7 cases squamous cell carcinoma were all concordance with histologic diagnosis, while the rates for high-grade and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were 93.6% (103/110) and 82.0% (443/540), respectively. A positive correlation was also demonstrated between detection of high-risk HPV DNA, positive cytologic interpretation and positive histologic diagnosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Liquid-based cytologic preparation, when coupled with standardized reporting using the Bethesda System 2001, can achieve a high diagnostic accuracy of cervical epithelial abnormalities.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Pathology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Pathology , Cervix Uteri , Pathology , DNA, Viral , Papillomaviridae , Retrospective Studies , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Pathology , Vaginal Smears , MethodsABSTRACT
To understand the evolutionary characterization of HA1 of H1N1 influenza virus HA gene circulaing from 1981 to 2005 in China, viral RNAs of 370 H1N1 strains were extracted and transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcriptase and amplified by PCR. The products of PCR were sequenced. The sequences were analyzed through biometic software. The results showed that all the four antigenic sites were mutated, bigger change occurred on the Sb and Ca sites; the 130 loop of receptor binding sites(RBS) of HA1 amino acid deleted at the 134th site in 1991 firstly, then the number of the deleted strains were increasing, since 2000, all the strains had deleted at the 134th site, and simultaneously, the amino acid at 137th site was substituted by S for T. The change of HA1 glycosylation sites was found and 7 sites kept stable from 2000 to 2005. The H1N1 strains of the same year almost clustered in the same group on the phylogenetic tree and were irrelevant to virus isolated time and area. There appeared two groups of 2005 H1N1 virus strains that differed in time of virus isolation.
Subject(s)
China , Genes, Viral , Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus , Genetics , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Genetics , Phylogeny , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the value of low positive AFP level for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)when a space occuping lesion was already identified in the liver.Methods The AFP level of 401 HCC cases from January 1999 to October 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results 22 cases of small liver cancer underwent reducing surgical resection in our hospital,increasing the quality of life and prolonging survival rate.Con- clusion(1)The AFP level between 20 and 200?g/L is of diagnostic for HCC when a SOL is identified.(2)The clinical reference diagnostic criteria using AFP level more than 20?g/L,instead of more than 200?g/L is helpful for the diagnosis.(3)Combined diagnosis of AFP level more than 20?g/L and ultrasonography or CT scanning yields higher sensitivity and specificity th.an traditional,diagnostic criteria.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To establish a method for H5N1 RNA detection and laboratory diagnosis of suspected human avian influenza (H5N1) virus infected cases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The typing and sub-typing primers were designed according to M and H5 and N1 gene respectively, and the RT-PCR and real-time PCR were developed using these primers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The RT-PCR and real-time PCR could be used for H5N1 detection specifically, and there was no cross reaction with other influenza subtypes such as H1 and H3. The sensitivity for RT-PCR and real-time PCR was 1 TCID50 and 0.01 TCID50 respectively. Thirteen laboratory confirmed human H5N1 cases were detected from 42 suspected cases by using these methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established RT-PCR and real-time PCR methods can be used for laboratory detection of suspected human H5N1 cases.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Chick Embryo , Humans , DNA Primers , Genetics , Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype , Genetics , Influenza, Human , Diagnosis , Virology , Reproducibility of Results , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Viral Proteins , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the correlation between homozygous deletions and mutation of p16 gene and the carcinogenesis and progression of squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty buccal cancers, 10 leukoplakias and 8 buccal mucosas were involved. DNA was extracted from the tissues. PCR was used to analyses homozygous deletion of p16 gene. PCR-SSCP-DNA sequencing was performed to detect the point mutation of p16 gene. Immunohistochemical techniques were used to detect the expression of P16 protein.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Gene deletions and point mutations were not found in leukoplakia and normal buccal mucosa. Gene deletions were found in 7 samples out of 30 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa (23.3%), while point mutations were found in 5 samples out of 30 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa (16.7%). Sequencing analysis showed that 5 cases point mutations were missense mutations, occurred on exon 2. Three cases occurred in the same point, codon 99 (GAT --> AAT). The result of immunohistochemical stains showed that 11 out of 12 cases gene inactivation did not expressed P16 protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Homozygous deletion and point mutation of p16 were the main pattern of gene inactivation in squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa. There was a closely correlation between p16 gene inactivation and the carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa.</p>