In Vitro Fatigue Test of Lung Volume Reduction Loop / 中国医疗器械杂志

Lung volume reduction loop uses bronchoscopic lung volume reduction(BLVR) technology to compress and collapse the necrotic emphysema tissue and exhaust the internal gas to achieve the purpose of lung volume reduction to treat emphysema. After the lung volume reduction loop is implanted into the human body, the compressed part of the lung tissue tends to expand with breathing, which makes the lung volume reduction loop expand into a linear trend periodically. Fatigue resistance is one of the most important performance indexes of the lung volume reduction loop. In the paper, Z-direction vibration fatigue machine was used to simulate the changes of human respiratory cycle movement to test the fatigue performance of lung volume reduction loop, which can provide some reference for the test method of in vitro fatigue performance of lung volume reduction related products in the future.

MMP‐9 and P‐selectin in UAP patients / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore influence of Tongxinluo capsule ,Shuxuetong injection combined carvedilol on ECG , serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 and P‐selectin in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Methods :A total of 105 UAP patients were randomly divided into routine treatment group (n＝52) and combined treatment group (n＝53 ,received Tongxinluo capsule ,Shuxuetong injection and carvedilol based on routine treat‐ment group) ,both groups were continuously treated for one month .LVEF ,cardiac output (CO) ,serum levels of MMP‐9 and P‐selectin , therapeutic effects of ECG and angina pectoris , and incidence of adverse reactions were measured and compared between two groups before and after treatment .Results :Compared with routine treatment group , there were significant rise in total effective rates of ECG (59. 62% vs.79. 25%) and angina pectoris (71.15% vs.90.57%) in combined treatment group , P＜0. 05 both .Compared with routine treatment group after one‐month treatment ,there were significant rise in LVEF [ (45.30 ± 5.60 )% vs.(59. 33 ± 5. 31 )%] and CO [ (3.15 ± 1.14) L／min vs .(4. 92 ± 1. 18) L／min] ,and significant reductions in serum levels of P‐selectin [ (25. 40 ± 2.34) ng／ml vs.(16.85 ± 1. 62) ng／ml] and MMP‐9 [ (37. 30 ± 8. 91) μg／L vs.(27.80 ± 8.63) μg／L] in com‐bined treatment group , P＝0. 001 all.There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between two groups , P＝0.334. Conclusion :Tongxinluo capsule ,Shuxuetong injection combined carvedilol possess significant therapeutic effect on UAP patients .They can significantly improve cardiac function ,serum levels of P‐selectin and MMP‐9 with satisfying safety ,which is worth extending .

Effects of ER Stress and PUMA on 5-FU-induced Liver Cell Injury and Apoptosis / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To investigate the role of ER stress and PUMA in 5-FU-induced liver cells injury and apoptosis.【Methods】We established 5-FU-induced liver injury models by intraperitoneally injecting the isodose 5-FU to 10 PUMA knockout mice(PUMA-KO)and 20 PUMA Wild type mice(PUMA-WT). Meanwhile,10 WT mice were intraperitoneally injected with 4-Phenylbutyric acid,the ER stress inhibitor. In the control group,10 KO mice and 20 WT mice were given the same amount of normal saline.After the modeling,serum and liver tissues of the mice were collected to assess the degree of liver pathological injury,measure the expression levels of ALT and AST in serum,and detect the expression levels of PUMA and GRP78 in liver tissues. The changes of these indicators in different treatment groups were observed and compared.【Results】Compared with the WT control group,serum ALT and AST levels were significantly increased in the 5-FU group,H&E staining showed punctate focal necrosis,accompanied by hemorrhage and inflammation. TUNEL staining showed apoptotic cells were markedly added(Z = 3.78,P < 0.001),and expressions of PUMA and GRP78 were obviously augmented,suggesting that both PUMA and ER stress were involved in 5-FU-induced liver cells injury and apoptosis. Then,in the 4-PBA group,we found that the expression levels of GRP78 and PUMA were down-regulated,and apoptosis of liver cells was reduced under the same dose of 5-FU(χ~2= 32.99,Z = 3.78,P <0.001),further confirming that both PUMA and ER stress were involved in this process. Subsequently,it was found that,when induced by the same dose of 5-FU,cleaved caspase-3 staining showed that the liver apoptosis signal of the PUMA knockout mice was lower than the WT mice(χ~2= 33.99,Z = 3.78,P < 0.001),but the difference in the expression of GRP78 between the two groups was not statistically significant. In summary,the expression of PUMA was reduced and the apoptosis of liver cells was attenuated after the inhibition of ER stress;PUMA knockdown could not influence the activation of ER stress but alleviated apoptosis of liver cells.【Conclusions】PUMA mediates ER stress-up-regulated liver cells apoptosis in 5-FU-induced Chemotherapeutic liver injury.

Determination of linolic acid in Prinsepiae Nux from different habitats by RP-HPLC-ELSD method / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To develop a RP-HPLC-ELSD method for determining linolic acid in Prinsepiae Nux from different habitats and provide the basis for controlling the herb quality.

Diterpenoids from seeds of Caesalpinia sappan / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the seeds of Caesalpinia sappan. Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel chromatography repeatedly, and the structures were identified by spectral analysis and chemical methods. Results: Fifteen compounds were isolated from the seeds of C. sappan and the structures were identified as caesaldekarin K (1), demethylcaesaldekarin C (2), taepeenin H (3), taepeenin I (4), caesalpinista A (5), caesalpinista B (6), cordylane C (7), deoxycaesaldekarin C (8), phanginins A-E (9-13), β-sitosterol (14), and β-daucosterol (15). Conclusion: Compounds 1-8 and 14-15 are first obtained from the seeds of C. sappan.

Effect of bilirubin on expression of toll-like receptor 4 in cord blood monocytes / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of different concentrations of bilirubin on expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in cord blood monocytes (CBMC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Under the sterile condition, umbilical vein blood samples were obtained from normal full-term newborns, and the monocytes were in vitro separated by the method of gelatin/plasma coated flasks. The monocytes were preincubated with various concentrations (0-307.8 μmol/L) of bilirubin dissolved in bovine albumin solution for 1 hr. Bilirubin-treated CBMC were further cultured with LPS (1 μg/mL) to induce cellular activation for 24 hrs, and then the CBMC were collected. The expression of TLR4 in monocytes was measured by indirect immunofluorescence method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bilirubin at the concentrations of 102.6, 153.9, 220.6 and 307.8 μmol/L inhibited the expression of TLR4 of CBMC. The inhibition effect increased with the increasing concentration of bilirubin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Bilirubin can inhibit the TLR4 expression of CBNC in a dose-dependent manner.</p>

Dedifferentiation of epidermal cells into transit amplifying cells induced by bFGF / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>TTo explore the method for inducing the dedifferentiation of epidermal cells into their progenitor stem cells in vitro without external gene intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HEK cells obtained from Casacade were induced to reverse their differentiated process and produce immature stem-like cells, namely the dedifferentiation derived epidermal stem cells (dESCs), by induction with basic fibroblasts growth factors (bFGF) in vitro. Immunochemical staining, flow FACS analysis, RT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect the phenotypic and functional changes of the differentiated epidermal cells, using human epidermal stem cells (ESCs) as the positive control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expressions of β₁-integrin, CK19 and CK14 were up-regulated, while CK10 expression was down-regulated significantly after bFGF treatment. Two-color flow cytometric analysis of α₆-integrin and CD71 showed that the percentages of α₆(+)CD71(-), α₆(+)CD71(+) and CD71(+) expressing populations reached 13.24%, 58.26% and 23.12% of the total isolated cells, as compared with those of the control (0.12%, 3.06%, 51.50%) and positive control cells (37.49%, 45.13%, 5.86%). RT-PCR analysis indicated that the relative gene expressions of β₁-integrin, CK19 and CK14 increased in bFGF treatment group, whereas the expression of CK10 was significantly suppressed. Although there was no significant difference in the expression levels of β₁ integrin, CK19 and CK10 between the bFGF-treated and the positive controls, the expression of CK14 in bFGF-treated cells showed a 1.4-fold increase as compared with that in ESCs (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescent staining showed that a regional difference in the subcellular localization of telomerase between dESCs and ESCs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>bFGF can induce the epidermal cells to convert into epidermal precursor cells. Although they are more likely to be transient amplifying cells, the method for reprogramming somatic epidermal cells into their progenitors by bFGF induction other than genetic manipulation offers a new approach to generate residual healthy stem cells for wound repair and regeneration.</p>

Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid promotes colon carcinogenesis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid promotes colon carcinogenesis through downregulation of P53-dependent growth inhibition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Colon carcinogenesis was induced by injection of azoxymethane (AOM) intraperitoneally. Experimental animals were randomly divided into four groups, receiving regular diet and intraperitoneal injection of normal saline(control group), high ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet with intraperitoneal injection of normal saline(Corn oil group), regular diet with intraperitoneal injection of AOM(AOM group), or high ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet with intraperitoneal injection of AOM (Corn oil+AOM group). Aberrant crypt focis (ACFs) were observed after methylene blue staining and enumerated. Colonic mucosa PCNA and P53 expressions were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and location of P53 in the colon crypt focis was determined by immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Amounts of ACFs was 1.2±0.3 in the control group, 1.3±0.4 in the Corn oil group, 41.0±4.8 in the AOM group, and 73.3±9.9 in the Corn oil+AOM group, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The expression of P53 in normal crypt focis was higher than that in ACFs. High ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary significantly promoted AOM-induced colon PCNA expression, and enhanced AOM-mediated P53 inhibition in colon mucosa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet can enhance AOM-induced inhibition of P53 in colon mucosa, resulting in overexpression of PCNA, formation of ACF, and carcinogenesis in the colon.</p>

Multicentral randomized controlled study on effects of acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) on cerebrovascular function in the patient of ischemic stroke / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore effect of acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) on cerebrovascular function in the patient of ischemic stroke.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three central, single blind, randomized controlled trial method was adopted, and 160 cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a control group, 80 cases in each group. The two groups were treated by routine treatment for ischemic stroke with acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) added in the acupuncture group. Changes of TCD cerebrovascular blood flow indexes before and after treatment were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, TCD indexes significantly improved in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) with a significant difference as compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) can significantly improve cerebral vasomotoricity, cerebral blood flow auto-regulative function, cerebral hemisphere collateral circulation comprehental function in the patient of ischemic stroke.</p>

Morphology research of the rat sciatic nerve bridged by collage-heparin sulfate scaffold / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the treating effect of collage-heparin sulfate after the 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect was bridged by it.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A new kind of nervous tissue engineering scaffold was produced by freeze-drying technique from collagen-heparin sulfate. Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into A, B, C and D groups. Sciatic nerve defect in group A was bridged by collagen-heparin sulfate. In group B, sciatic nerve was bridged by auto-nerve transplantation. Group C was the blank control group. Animals in group D were normal. And 10 mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged in the experiment. Thirty-six weeks after the operation, the experimental animals were detected by HRP labeled retrograde trace, HE staining, toluidine staining, silvering staining, S100, GAP-43 and NF immunohistological staining, MBP immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscope to observe the nerve regeneration inducing effect of this new scaffold.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nine months after operation, the collage-heparin sulfate scaffold was replaced by newly regenerated nerve. The number of HRP labeled spinal cord anterior horn cells and the area of sensation nerve fiber at the posterior horn were similar with that was repaired by auto-nerve. GAP-43, NF and S100 labeled regenerated nerve fiber had passed the total scaffold and entered the distal terminal. The regenerated nerve fibers were paralleled, lineage arranged, coincide with the prearranged regenerating "channel" in the collagen-heparin sulfate scaffold. MBP immunofluorescence staining also proved that the newly regenerated nerve fiber could be ensheathed. In the experimental group, the area of myelinated nerve fiber and the thickness of the myelin sheath had no obvious difference with that of the group repaired by auto-nerve, except that the density of the regenerated myelinated sheath fiber was lower than that of the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nervous tissue engineering scaffold produced by collagen-heparin sulfate can guide the regeneration of nerve fibers. The nerve function recovers fine. This kind of material has great application potential.</p>