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[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of everolimus on the experimental IgA nephropathy in rats and its possible mechanisms .METHODS:The rat model of experimental IgA nephropathy was established .The rats were ran-domly divided into control group , IgA group and everolimus treatment group .After the corresponding treatments were gi-ven, urinary red blood cells , protein and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase ( NAG) were examined .Immunofluorescence stai-ning was used to analyze the level of IgA precipitation in the renal tissues .Additionally, the protein expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), TLR4, NF-κB, IL-4 and IL-13 was determined by Western blot.The mRNA levels of IL-4 and IL-13 were detected by qPCR .RESULTS:Everolimus significantly inhibited the increases in the urinary levels of red blood cells, protein and NAG in experimental IgA nephropathy rats .Furthermore, IgA nephropathy-induced increases in the protein expression of MyD88, TLR4, NF-κB, IL-4 and IL-13 were attenuated after everolimus treatment .Similar re-sults were obtained in the mRNA levels of IL-4 and IL-13 by qPCR detection .CONCLUSION: Everolimus improves the impairments of renal function in experimental IgA nephropathy rats as evidenced by decreasing urinary red blood cells , pro-tein and NAG, which may be related to the inhibition of MyD 88, TLR4, NF-κB, IL-4 and IL-13 expression.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the efficacy of Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate intratympanic injection for refractory noise induced deafness.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty cases (215 ears) of noise induced deafness were treated with either hormone group (107 ears) or with non hormone group (108 ears). Following prior interventions, 145 ears went on to receive intratympanic Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate injection twice a week.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After Intratympanic therapy, the total effective rate was 46.2%. 32 of 71 ears (45.1%) demonstrated hearing improvement in hormone group and 35 of 74 ears (47.3%) in non hormone group. The difference was statistically insignificant (P = 0.788).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intratympanic therapy appears to provide additional treatment benefits for patients with refractory noise induced deafness who have been treated with prior interventions. The outcome is not affected by pretreatment with hormone.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Glucocorticoids , Therapeutic Uses , Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced , Drug Therapy , Hearing Tests , Injection, Intratympanic , Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate , Therapeutic Uses , Noise , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the protective effects of insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1) on cortical neurons under condition of hypoxia and the possible mechanism. Methods Cerebral cortical neurons from newborn rats were cultured under the condition of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) . On day 7, neurons were treated with IGF-1 or IGF-1 plus LY294002 or PD98059 under condition of OGD or normal condition. MTT assay was used to analyze the viability of neurons in each group. The expression of total Akt and p-Akt were analyzed by Western blot. Results Compared with the control, the neuron viability was significantly higher in IGF-1 treated group under normal or OGD condition (P＜0.05). The protective effects of IGF-1 were attenuated in the presence of LY294002 but not PD98059. The result of Western blot showed IGF-1 upregulated the expression of p-Akt, which was inhibited by LY294002. Conclusion PI3K pathway may play an important role in neuroprotection afforded by IGF-1.
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Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Glytan lowering portal pressure induced by biliary liver fibrosis. Methods: SD male rats, 240-260g weight around, were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, propranolol group, Glytan high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose group according to the weight. Portal hypertension was induced by common bile duct ligation in rats. After two and four weeks, measured the portal pressure(PP) of each group, observed the histological changes of liver by HE staining, tested liver function and the concentration of endothelin-1 in systemic circulation and mesenteric circulation radioimmnuoassay. Results: After two and four weeks, portal pressure of model group rats increased significantly. Both Glytan and propranolol can decrease PP after two and four weeks, and the pressure-relief effect was similar between the two drugs. HE staining showed that Glytan can significantly inhibit the formation of collagen, promote the recovery of liver tissue structure; liver function indicated a significant decrease in serum AST, ALT, TBIL and Na+ concentration. In addition, Glytan decreased the concentration of endothelin -1 in systemic circulation, increased it in mesenteric circulation after two weeks. Conclusion: Glytan decrease PP by improving liver function and microcirculation, inhibiting collagen formation and water-sodium retention after long-term therapy, ameliorating hyperdynamic circulation at the early stage.