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Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of Evidence-based Nursing Practice Guideline for Enteral Nutrition of Infants with Congenital Heart Disease application on improving the nutritional status of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) in the target population, and to explore the effective strategies of evidence implementation in the process of dissemination, implementation and integration into clinical practice. Methods:This was an implementation study. Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services Integrated Framework (i-PARIHS) was used as a theoretical model. Infants with CHD who received cardiac surgery from the heart ICU of Children ′s Hospital of Fudan University from January 2019 to February 2020 were selected as the study subjects. January to June 2019 and September to February 2020 were the pre and post implementation phase respectively. For medical staff, communication strategy, implementation process strategy, integration strategy and capacity-building strategy were used to advance the implementation process. According to the implementation strategy of children, the 26 best practice recommendations in the guide were translated into operable nursing processes and enteral nutrition programs, which were implemented in four stages: admission to the hospital, pre operation, post operation cardiac care room, post operation ward recovery, and pre discharge. Implementation Results Variable Assessment Form was used to evaluate effectiveness of the implementation strategies; hospitalization weight and upper arm circumference, serum albumin and pre-albumin before discharge were used to evaluate effectiveness of the interventions. Results:Scores of eight aspects of Implementation Results Variable Assessment reached more than 75% of the total score. Pre-albumin of post-implementation was (166.53 ± 42.57) g/L, which was statistically significantly higher than (148.41 ± 30.66) g/L before discharge ( t=-3.21, P<0.01); the weight loss of pre-implementation was 0.00 (0.41) kg, while the weight change of post-implementation was -0.10 (0.40) kg, the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.90, P<0.01). Conclusions:The strategies of diffusing, implementing, integrating the CHD enteral nutrition protocol based on guide could improve the implementation results and the nutrition status of infants with CHD.
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Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of preemptive nasogastric tube placement for improving nutritional status and clinical outcomes in hospitalized infants with congenital heart disease.Methods:Children from 0 to 12 months with congenital heart disease hospitalized in cardiovascular center of Children's Hospital of Fudan University from February to July 2018 were selected as control group through continuous sampling. Children hospitalized were selected from September 2018 to February 2019 as intervention group. The control group followed the current feeding method, the intervention group used preemptive nasogastric tube placement. The nutritional indicators, feeding indicators and clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared to evaluate the intervention effect.Results:The serum albumin and prealbumin of the children in the intervention group were (36.81±4.59) g/L and (162.74±48.17) g/L, which were higher than those in the control group (34.80±5.21) g/L and (142.98± 33.96) g/L, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t values were -2.721, -3.169, both P<0.05); the daily enteral intake, calorie intake and single enteral calorie intake of children in the intervention group were (124.93±27.97) ml·kg -1·d -1, (376.48±88.53) kj·kg -1·d -1, (48.39±9.13) kj·kg -1·time -1, higher than the control group (114.74±30.63) ml·kg -1·d -1, (330.01±90.75) kj·kg -1·d -1, (44.24±13.31) kj·kg -1·time -1, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t values were -2.511, -3.750, -2.382, all P<0.05). the incidence of feeding difficulties in the intervention group was 4.95% (5/101) lower than 14.68% (16/109) of the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 5.513, P<0.05); the proportion of children in the intervention group reaching the target feeding amount when discharged from the hospital was 97.03% (98/101), higher than 84.40% (92/109) of the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 9.699, P<0.05). Conclusions:Preemptive nasogastric tube placement is safety and effectively for patients with congenital heart disease in clinical infants. but it still needs a large sample for a long time to confirm its effectiveness.
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Objective To examine the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China and provide reference for the construction of a discipline through a literature review of TCM physique and statistical analyses of papers published between 2008 and 2017. Methods We searched the Chinese journal full?text database for TCM physique research papers, and used bibliometrics to statistically analyze the papers. Results We obtained 2 905 papers from 381 journals, 1 021 institutions, and 6 740 authors. The number of papers increases with the publication time. The cited rate was 87.2%. Each paper was cited 8.74 times. The H?index was 51 and co?authored rate was 83.7%. The cooperation degree was 3.78 with 3 354 words appearing in the keywords of the papers. Conclusion In the past ten years, research on TCM constitution has advanced, strengthening core scientific research. Research quality is high, and the research contents cover a wide range. With the spread of research tentacles, the prospect of further research on this subject is worth looking forward to.
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OBJECTIVE： To analyze the development situation of pharmacoeconomic evaluation research in China， and to provide reference for pharmacoeconomics discipline construction. METHODS： China journal full-text database was searched by computer. The searching time was from database establish to Dec. 2018. After collecting the academic papers with the theme of “pharmacoeconomic evaluation”， statistical analysis was made on publication year， source journals， institutions， authors， cooperation publication， citation information and keywords of papers by bibliometric method. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS： A total of 1 197 literatures were included. The earliest literature was published in 1993， and the largest number （104 pieces） was published in 2015. The literatures came from 289 journals. Among which， China Pharmacy published the largest number of literatures （123 pieces）； the first author came from 619 institutions， which mainly were China Pharmaceutical University （124 pieces）； a total of 2 352 authors were involved， and 923 literatures were completed by two or more authors， with co-authorship rate of 77.1％. The total number times of authors was 3 480， and the degree of cooperation was 2.91. As of April 19， 2019， 975 literatures had been cited. The cited rate was 81.4％， the average citation frequency was 5.83 times， and the H-index was 29. There were a total of 1 922 keywords in the literatures， the top three keywords in the list of frequency were pharmacoeconomics （805 times）， cost-effectiveness analysis （209 times）， and pharmacoeconomic evaluation （98 times）. It could be seen that the research literatures on pharmacoeconomic evaluation in China were published earlier and widely distributed； the research content of the literatures was comprehensive， and some literatures had high influence. But the total number of literatures is still small and is distributed unevenly， and the number of core authors is insufficient， and related research needs to be further developed.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the development of related TCM evidence-based researches in China.METHODS:The literatures titled"Meta-analysis"and those with Chinese Library Classification Number of"R2(Chinese Medicine)"were searched from CJFD by computer. The retrieval time limit ranged from database establishment to Dec. 2017. Bibliometrics analysis was performed in respects of year of publication,source journals,publishers,authors,co-authors,funding and research content. RESULTS:A total of 1 540 papers from 321 journals were included,and the first paper was published in 1997;the first author came from 494 institutions which mainly distributed within the mainland institations of China. Guangzhou University of TCM had the largest number of publications. According to Price's law,there were 25 core authors who published 157 literature in total;the co-authoring rate was 95.1% and the collaborating degree was 4.00. 32.3% of the papers were obtained by the fund support, involving 236 literatured founded by National Science Foundation of China. There were 5 types of papers,including 1 512 applied research papers,14 quality evaluation papers,6 methodological studies;there were 17 categories of diseases involved in applied research. CONCLUSIONS:Meta-analysis of TCM research in China has developed rapidly,but related theoretical research is relatively lack. It is necessary to further strengthen the methodology research so as to promote the development of evidence-based research of TCM.
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Objective@#To evaluate the reliability and validity of warning signs checklist developed by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People′s Republic of China (NHFPC), so as to determine the screening effectiveness of warning signs on developmental problems of early childhood.@*Method@#Stratified random sampling method was used to assess the reliability and validity of checklist of warning sign and 2 110 children 0 to 6 years of age(1 513 low-risk subjects and 597 high-risk subjects) were recruited from 11 provinces of China. The reliability evaluation for the warning signs included the test-retest reliability and interrater reliability. With the use of Age and Stage Questionnaire (ASQ) and Gesell Development Diagnosis Scale (GESELL) as the criterion scales, criterion validity was assessed by determining the correlation and consistency between the screening results of warning signs and the criterion scales.@*Result@#In terms of the warning signs, the screening positive rates at different ages ranged from 10.8%(21/141) to 26.2%(51/137). The median (interquartile) testing time for each subject was 1(0.6) minute. Both the test-retest reliability and interrater reliability of warning signs reached 0.7 or above, indicating that the stability was good. In terms of validity assessment, there was remarkable consistency between ASQ and warning signs, with the Kappa value of 0.63. With the use of GESELL as criterion, it was determined that the sensitivity of warning signs in children with suspected developmental delay was 82.2%, and the specificity was 77.7%. The overall Youden index was 0.6.@*Conclusion@#The reliability and validity of warning signs checklist for screening early childhood developmental problems have met the basic requirements of psychological screening scales, with the characteristics of short testing time and easy operation. Thus, this warning signs checklist can be used for screening psychological and behavioral problems of early childhood, especially in community settings.
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Objective To study the general mechanical behavior pattern of sensing angular velocity by 3 pairs of human semicircular canals.Methods Sinusoidal head rotation of a healthy subject was simulated by finite element method to analyze the dynamic responses in the above 3 pairs of canals in the left and right inner ear.Results Compared with the complicated node displacement distribution,the volumetric strain distribution of cupula was regular.Specifically,each pair of cupulae expanded or contracted within the same amplitude with the same response frequency to the angular velocity.The ratio of absolute volumetric strain among the horizontal semicircular canal cupula (HC cupula),the anterior semicircular canal cupula (AC cupula),and the posterior semicircular canal cupula (PC cupula),was approximately 1.00∶0.80 ∶ 1.72,which kept constant.In addition,the volumetric strain of HC cupula was in phase with that of AC cupula,but showing 14.4° out of phase with the angular velocity,and 180° out of phase with that of PC cupula.Conclusions The volumetric strain of cupula can preferably characterize the directional coding function of semicircular canal,and the amplitude,frequency and phase of the cupular volumetric strain can encode those of the stimulated angular velocity,respectively.These results will lay the foundation for establishing quantitative relationship of vestibulo-ocular reflex,and provide theoretical references for quantitative assessment for vestibular function by nystagmus examination.
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Objective To translate the English version of Infant Feeding & Nutrition Checklist For Congenital Heart Disease (IFNC:CHD) into Chinese,and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of IFNC:CHD.Methods After obtaining authorization from the developer,the IFNC:CHD was translated and culturally adapted into Chinese version.The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of IFNC:CHD were tested in 168 patients.Results The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.804.Two nurses used the scale to evaluate the consistency of the results,and the Kappa coefficient was 0.812.The content validity index of item ranged from 0.80 to 1.00,and the average index was 0.90 for the total scale.The correlations coefficients between each dimension score and the total score ranged from 0.339 to 0.474 (P＜0.01),and the correlations coefficients between each dimension score ranged from 0.198 to 0.861(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),Three factors were extracted from exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 72.66％.Conclusion The Chinese version of IFNC:CHD has been proved to have good reliability and validity.It can be used to assess infant feeding and nutritional risk of congenital heart disease in the Chinese settings.
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Marine medicine is an important part of Chinese medicine and a growth point of marine economy development.Exploration on the exact weight ratios and curative effect to expand marine medicine clinical application is a significant issue in marine medicine research at this stage. This paper presented a research supposition of“documents retrieval, extraction of marine medicine cases, establishment of case database, statistic analysis, data mining, herb pair Game Theory model establishment, herb pair usage under fixed dosage and matching, in order to explore a new idea of researching marine medicine combined with Game Theory. Through the literature retrieval and text extraction, 458 cases with the herb pair ofLong-Gu (LG) andMu-Li(ML) were received to establish the partnership game model. The iterative removals of strictly dominated strategies were adopted. Assuming that LG and ML used with an equal amount of 30 g was the best response, which reached the Nash equilibrium. The results suggested that dosages of LG and ML used equally at the amount of 30 g, 25 g, 24 g, 20 g, 18 g, 15 g were rationalizable strategies. Frequencies of using an equal amount of 30 g LG and ML was the most of mathematical statistics. LG and ML of 30 g were used equivalently to treat symptoms such as insomnia, inappetence, chills, tinnitus, physically and mentally fatigued, spontaneous sweating and night sweating, and so on with the effect of tranquilizing and constricting. The results can be validated and complemented among association rules analysis, mathematical statistics and game model. It implied that it was feasible to apply mathematical statistics and data mining in combination with Game Theory to study the marine medicine herb pair.
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Marine Chinese Medicine (MCM) is one of the important part of the traditional Chinese medicine.The exploration of marine organism resources provide a good base for the development of MCM.However,the evaluation for the nature of the new source of MCM becomes one of the key problem of the clinic application of MCM.In this study,613 MCM and their related 1 091 species of marine organisms were screened.Association Rules Mining method and Phylogenetic Tree constructing method were used to find out the association relationship and the distribution regularity of the MCM with different nature in the Phylogenetic Tree.The results showed high collection of the MCM with the same nature on the tree.The MCM from the organisms in the same family might have the same nature.And the association rules for the same nature assembled at the same branch or near branch of the tree.For example,the marine plantae,Chlorophyta,Florideophyceae,and Phaeohpyceae,were related with cold nature,while the marine animalia,including Decapoda,Malacostraca,and Arthropoda,had close relationship with hot nature.Moreover,the neutral nature was related with Squamata.These results implied that there were close relationship between the nature and the affinity relationship.The MCM from the same or close families may have the same or likely nature.This study provided a new index and reference for prediction and evaluation of the nature of new MCM.
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In recent years,research on carotid atherosclerosis has turned to the aspect of neovascularization in vulnerable plaques.The evaluation of neovascularization in plaques using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography has become one of the novel technologies to determine the plaque stability.This article reviews the principles of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and its application in the evaluation of neovascularization in carotid atherosclerotic plaques and vulnerable plaques.
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With cDNA from Phellodendron amurense seedlings treated with drought stress as tester and cDNA from this plant in normal growth as driver, we construct cDNA subtracted library using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). In the library, the rate of recombination was 95%, the size of inserts was 300-800 bp. Two hundred and sixty-five new genes were obtained by DNA sequencing 816 positive clones picked randomly, and partitioned to 16 classes after nucleotide Blast and BlastX homological analysis against NT, NR, SWISSPROT, KEGG database. Forty-four drought stress associated genes, such as heat shock protein cognate 70, dehydration responsive protein 22, universal stress protein, metallothionein II, late embryogenesis abundant protein, were obtained, which made 16.6% of the overall genes. These genes included osmotic regulator, signal component regulatory protein and antioxidant enzyme. The research had established a basis for cloning stress resistance genes and further studying genes expression in P. amurense seedlings under drought stress.
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Adaptation, Physiological , Genetics , Cloning, Molecular , Droughts , Gene Expression , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Library , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Methods , Phellodendron , Genetics , Physiology , Seedlings , Genetics , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To assess the relationship between helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence of di- gestive disease associated with NSAIDs.Methods 88 patients who had taken NSAIDs undergoing endoscopy were selected.The patients were assigned into two groups:helicohacter pylori infection group and no-hslicobacter pylori group.Results Digestive disease associated with NSAIDs occurred in 16.67% of patients with helicobacter pylori infection compared with 19.23% in no-helicobacter pylori group.There was no significant difference in statistical analysis.Conclusion Helicobacter pylori infection dosen't aggravate digestive disease associated with NSAIDs.
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The examining work of the third class medical metrology station in Xinjiang Military Area Command in 2006 is completely summarized along with the introduction of examining measures and experiences.Aiming at the problems in the examination,the importance of leader's recognition,propaganda and elaborate organization are emphasized.According to problems in the station's building,concrete methods for establishing corresponding mechanisms in coordination,learning,supervision and inspiring in medical metrology are discussed.
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Objective To check some medical oxygen flowmeters in use in the military area command. Methods According to JJG 917-1996 buoy oxygen inhalant measuring rules, 930 oxygen flowmeters in the military area command were measured. Results The unqualified reasons of medical oxygen flowmeter mainly lay in the capability decline of pressure resistance of humid bottle, the poor airproof of the interface, the overflow of pressure, and the overflow of flux value. Conclusion To improve the quality situation of medical oxygen flowmeter, the department of technical supervision, hospital and manufacturer need to make efforts together.
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Objective:To explore the subjective quality of life of pediatric patients.Methods:42 children with acute diseases, 38 with chronic diseases and 57 normal children were investigated with Children's Subjective Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: The subjective life satisfaction were similar in acute disease group (159.9?13.9) and in chronic group (160.0?16.9), which were lower than normal control (165.8?17.6). Multiple regression showed that girls, from urban area, late onset, longer duration, less activities out of class, lack of support from relatives, poor mental health of parents were risk factors. Conclusion: Children with acute or chronic diseases have poorer life quality than normal control.
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Objective To investigate the nutrition value of w heat flour fortified with lysine，vitamin B1，vitamin B2，vitamin A. Methods White rat cut off milk were allocated into four gro ups ( Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ)at random. Control group (Ⅰ) was raised with ordinary wheat flou r non-fortified and experiment group (Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ) were raised with nutriment wh eat flour with different prescription. The observer watched each group of animal periodically in weight, nitrogen balance, food raised efficiency , thermal energy efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and swimming persisting ti me under burdon, and so on. Results After raised for 28 days amo ng each group, the targets mentioned above in experiment group was found significently higher than that of control. Conclusions The wheat flour possessed higher nutrition evaluation of protein which benefit s the development of white rat when fortified with lysine and some kinds of th e vitamins.