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Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy (RLT) is effective in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, PSMA RLT can cause radiation damage to salivary glands, especially 225Ac/ 177Lu-PSMA-617. Radiation-related salivary glands damage can cause xerostomia, reduce the quality of life, and even limit the dose of radiopharmaceuticals and reduce the efficacy of tumor treatment. At present, there are few literatures on PSMA RLT related salivary glands damage in China. In this article, radiation-related salivary glands damage and the related protective measures during 225Ac/ 177Lu-PSMA-617 RLT are reviewed based on domestic and foreign studies.
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Objective:To synthesize 177Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-617 with domestic 177Lu (made in China), and explore its optimal labeling condition, biodistribution, stability, and safety. Methods:177Lu-PSMA-617 was prepared with domestic 177Lu by a manual method. The optimal labeling condition, radiochemical purity, stability ( in vivo and in vitro), lipid-water partition coefficient, and plasma protein binding rate were determined. The uptake rate of 177Lu-PSMA-617 was evaluated by using 22RV1 cells. Biodistribution and SPECT/CT imaging were performed on normal mice with imported 177Lu-PSMA-617 as control group. The blood routine test was performed to evaluate the safety. Results:The best labeling result of domestic 177Lu-PSMA-617 can be obtained under the following conditions: pH=4.5, 100 ℃ for 30 min. And the radiochemical purity was ≥99%. The product was stable in vivo and in vitro, with the radiochemical purity >95% in 72 h. The plasma protein binding rate was (35.3±5.3)%, the lipid-water partition coefficient was -2.27±0.06, and the specific uptake rate of domestic 177Lu-PSMA-617 by 22RV1 cells reached the highest in 1 h ((7.58±0.84)%), which was slightly lower than the imported 177Lu-PSMA-617 ((7.86±0.96)%), but there was no significant difference between them ( t=-0.439, P>0.05). The distribution and SPECT/CT imaging of normal mice showed that domestic and imported 177Lu-PSMA-617 in blood were cleared quite fast, and both of them were excreted mainly through the kidneys. No obvious adverse reactions were found in the toxicity test of domestic and imported 177Lu-PSMA-617. There was no obvious abnormality in blood routine and liver and kidney metabolism. Conclusion:The domestic 177Lu-PSMA-617 has many advantages, such as qualified quality control, good biological properties and safety, which support its potential application value in diagnosis of prostatic neoplasms.
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Objective@#To investigate the association between mental sub-health and physical fitness of Chinese adolescents, to provide a reference for promoting the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents.@*Methods@#A total of 16 545 adolescents (13-22 years) were selected by random cluster sampling in six major administrative regions in China. The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) and the physical fitness index test were used to assess mental sub-health and physical fitness, respectively. The chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationships between different levels of physical fitness and mental sub-health.@*Results@#The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status among high-grade physical fitness index adolescents was 11.9%, and the detection rate among low-grade physical fitness index youths was 26.0%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=970.73，P<0.05). The overall detection rate among high-grade physical fitness index boys was 11.1%, and that of low-grade physical fitness index boys was 24.4%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=566.12，P<0.05). The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status among high-level physical fitness index girls was 12.8%, and that among low-level physical fitness index girls was 27.6%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=412.25，P<0.05). After adjusting for gender, age, BMI, and region in the Logistic regression model, the detection rate of mental sub-health status of adolescents with low-grade physical fitness index was 2.35 times higher than that of high-grade physical fitness index adolescents(95%CI=2.12-2.61).@*Conclusion@#Adolescents with poor physical fitness have a higher risk of mental sub-health.Attention should be paid to adolescent physical fitness development to comprehensively improve physical and mental health development.
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Objective To analyze features of osteoid osteoma on whole-body bone scan (WBS) and SPECT/CT imaging.Methods From January 2010 to December 2018,70 patients (50 males,20 females,age:4-66 years) with osteoid osteoma confirmed by pathology were enrolled from the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University.All patients underwent WBS and SPECT/CT imaging and imaging features were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 70 lesions were found by WBS combined with SPECT/CT imaging,and 26 lesions (37.1％,26/70) were found in the femur and 25 lesions (35.7％,25/70) in the tibia.The radioactive ratio of target lesion to non-target lesion (T/NT) was 3.7±1.2 in 56 patients who underwent three-phase bone imaging.WBS showed that 48 lesions (68.6％,48/70) were round (or nearly round),21 lesions (30％,21/70) were spindle-shaped,and 1 lesion (1.4％,1/70) was irregular-shaped,while SPECT/CT imaging showed that 69 lesions (98.6％,69/70) were round (or round) and 1 lesion (1.4％,1/70) was irregular-shaped.The "double-density sign" was found in 48 lesions (68.6％,48/70) by WBS and in 59 lesions (84.3％,59/70) by SPECT/CT imaging.SPECT/CT imaging detected nidus in 59 lesions (84.3％,59/70) and calcification or ossification ("target sign") in 27 lesions (38.6％,27/70).Conclusion The typical features of osteoid osteoma on WBS and SPECT/CT imaging include "double density sign",nidus and "target sign",which contribute to the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma.
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Objective@#To analyze features of osteoid osteoma on whole-body bone scan (WBS) and SPECT/CT imaging.@*Methods@#From January 2010 to December 2018, 70 patients (50 males, 20 females, age: 4-66 years) with osteoid osteoma confirmed by pathology were enrolled from the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University. All patients underwent WBS and SPECT/CT imaging and imaging features were retrospectively analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 70 lesions were found by WBS combined with SPECT/CT imaging, and 26 lesions (37.1%, 26/70) were found in the femur and 25 lesions (35.7%, 25/70) in the tibia. The radioactive ratio of target lesion to non-target lesion (T/NT) was 3.7±1.2 in 56 patients who underwent three-phase bone imaging. WBS showed that 48 lesions (68.6%, 48/70) were round (or nearly round), 21 lesions (30%, 21/70) were spindle-shaped, and 1 lesion (1.4%, 1/70) was irregular-shaped, while SPECT/CT imaging showed that 69 lesions (98.6%, 69/70) were round (or round) and 1 lesion (1.4%, 1/70) was irregular-shaped. The " double-density sign" was found in 48 lesions (68.6%, 48/70) by WBS and in 59 lesions (84.3%, 59/70) by SPECT/CT imaging. SPECT/CT imaging detected nidus in 59 lesions (84.3%, 59/70) and calcification or ossification (" target sign" ) in 27 lesions (38.6%, 27/70).@*Conclusion@#The typical features of osteoid osteoma on WBS and SPECT/CT imaging include " double density sign" , nidus and " target sign" , which contribute to the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma.
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Some subtypes of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). 177Lu-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraazacyclododecane-1, 4, 7, 10-tetraacetic acid-D-Phel-Tyr3-Thr8-octreotide (DOTATATE) is a somatostatin analogue that can be combined with somatostatin receptor specifically, which plays an important role not only in early diagnosis, clinical staging, treatment guiding, recurrence detection and metastasis of NETs, but also in the targeted radionuclide therapy of tumors. The side effect of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy is relatively mild, which is of great clinical significance for prolonging patients′ survival, improving symptoms and the quality of life.
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Some subtypes of somatostatin receptors ( SSTRs) are overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). 177Lu-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-D-Phel-Tyr3-Thr8-octreoti-de ( DOTATATE) is a somatostatin analogue that can be combined with somatostatin receptor specifically, which plays an important role not only in early diagnosis, clinical staging, treatment guiding, recurrence de-tection and metastasis of NETs, but also in the targeted radionuclide therapy of tumors. The side effect of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy is relatively mild, which is of great clinical significance for prolonging patients' survival, improving symptoms and the quality of life.