ABSTRACT
A thirty-nine-year-old lady P2 L2 admitted with lower abdominal mass since 3 months had no history of menstrual problems and pressure symptoms.1 The uterus was palpable which was of 34 weeks size. She had a scar in subumbilical region for puerperal sterilization which was done 17 years ago after her second childbirth. Medical and surgical history was unremarkable. Routine investigations like urine examination including culture, CBC, clotting profile, kidney function test, x-ray chest, ECG were within normal limits. PAP smear and vaginal swab were normal. USG shows 14.1 mm x 10.6 cm fibroid occupying posterior fundal wall. There is another fibroid measuring 7.5 cm x 6.5 cm in the anterior wall in the body of uterus, other three small fibroids 5.5 cm x 4.5 cm, endometrial thickness normal, both ovaries appear normal, no hydroureters, no degeneration or calcification were noted.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to find out the incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PT) in garments workers of Dhaka city and to find-out the relationship between the incidence of PT and socio-demographic factors of the respondents. From all garments factories of Dhaka city, 30 factories were included by stratified random sampling method. Then workers were selected by simple random sampling technique. Following selection, detailed history was taken and recorded in a pre-tested questionnaire. Chest X-ray, Sputum for AFB, M.T and ESR were done in the suspected cases. PT was diagnosed when any patient fulfilled predefined inclusion criteria. Out of 2400 selected workers, 2281 workers were studied finally. A total of 22 (9.6 per 1000) definite PT cases were identified. Sputum positive were 4/2281 (1.75 per 1000) cases. All were diagnosed as new cases; none had received any treatment of tuberculosis in the past. The study concludes that PT among the garments workers is a more alarming health issue than among the general population of Bangladesh. Improved and regular health check-up system and 'directly observed treatment shortcourse' (DOTS) should be implemented in the working places particularly where clusters of workers are working together.
Subject(s)
Adult , Bangladesh/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Humans , Incidence , Male , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Textile Industry/statistics & numerical data , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Studies have shown that various objects, such as utensils, toys, and clothes, can serve as vehicles for transmission of Shigella spp. Shigellae can become viable but non-culturable (VBNC) when exposed to various environmental conditions as shown in earlier studies. The present study was carried out to detect VBNC Shigella dysenteriae type 1 on various fomites by direct viable counting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and fluorescent antibody methods. S. dysenteriae type 1 was inoculated onto cloth, wood, plastic, aluminum, and glass objects. Results showed that 1.5-4.0 hours after inoculation, S. dysenteriae type 1 became non-culturable, and after five days, non-culturable but viable S. dysenteriae type 1 could be detected by both PCR and fluorescent antibody techniques. Fomites can be considered an important potential route of transmission of VBNC S. dysenteriae type 1 and a significant factor in the epidemiology of shigellosis.