ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of treatment with osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) on quality of life (QOL) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Another aim is to assess the relationship between change in QOL and other factors including children's symptoms and academic performance or parents' depression and parenting stress. METHODS: A total of 111 medication-naive children with ADHD in a multicenter, open-label, 12-week trial of OROS-MPH completed an evaluation using diverse rating scales at two time points; at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. Scales for investigation of children included the Parent Report Form-Children's Health and Illness Profile-Children's Edition (PRF-CHIP-CE) on QOL, the ADHD Rating Scale-IV on symptoms, and the Academic Performance Rating Scale (APRS). The Beck Depression Inventory and Parenting Stress Index were used for assessment of their parents. RESULTS: Total scores for mean PRF-CHIP-CE increased from 207.9+/-26.7 at baseline to 226.3+/-25.9 after 12 weeks of treatment (p<.001). The change of APRS showed the strongest correlation with the increment of PRF-CHIP-CE scores (Pearson coefficient= 0.561, p<.001), even after controlling for other factors (partial correlation coefficient=0.420, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Treatment with MPH-OROS results in improvement of QOL in children with ADHD in Korea. The advance in academic performance plays a key role in this change of QOL.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Depression , Korea , Methylphenidate , Parenting , Parents , Quality of Life , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
A 29-year-old man presented with involuntary head turning to the right. His family history showed that his mother and two maternal uncles had dysarthria and gait disturbance. Other than mild swaying on tandem gait, his neurologic examination was normal. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated cerebellar atrophy. Molecular analysis revealed an expanded SCA6 (spinocerebellar ataxia 6) allele of 23 CAG repeats. We therefore report a case of SCA6 presenting with disabling cervical dystonia.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Alleles , Ataxia , Atrophy , Brain , Dysarthria , Gait , Head , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mothers , Neurologic Examination , Spinocerebellar Ataxias , TorticollisABSTRACT
The genetically determined CYP2D6 activity is considered to be associated with cancer susceptibility with inter-individual variation. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) was determined by the two polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and BstN1 and EcoN1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP) for 67 lung cancer cases and 95 healthy volunteer controls. The cases were composed of 26 squamous cell carcinoma, 14 small cell carcinoma, 10 adenocarcinoma, 3 large cell undifferentiated carcinoma, and 14 not histologically diagnosed. The results were gained from the 142 subjects (57 cases and 85 controls) who observed successfully in two PCR and BstN1/EcoN1 RFLP. Only one and no mutant allele of the CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) gene was detected, that is, the frequency of mutant allele was very low; 0.7%(1/142) and 0%(0/142), respectively. Detected mutant allele of the CYP2D6(B) was heterozygous type(WM). The odds ratios for lung cancer susceptibility with CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) genotype were not calculated. These results are similar to the previous understanding that the mutant allele is very rare in Orientals compared to Caucasians, therefore, it considered that CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) genotypes have maybe no association with lung cancer susceptibility in Koreans. This is the basic data of CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) genotypes for Koreans. It would be hepful for further study to determine lung cancer susceptibility of Koreans with the data about CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1 from future study.