Harmful effect of some insecticides on vital parameters of albino rats

The present study aims at comparing the in vivo effect among B. thuringiensis [bioinsecticide], chlorpyrifos [organophosphorus insecticide] and flufenoxuron [insect growth regulator] on the biochemical parameters, toxicity some reproductive parameters and histopathological changes in tissue specimens of different organs of albino rats. In flufenoxuron and chlorpyrifos administrated rats body weight and kidney weight significantly decreased as compared with the corresponding weights of the control groups. Also, significant reduction occurred in total protein and serum cholinesterase activity after oral administration of chlorpyrifos and flufenoxuron. Values of total lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol significantly increased throughout the experiment and hyperlipidemia, hypercholesolemia and hyperuremia were noticed in chlorpyrifos and flufenoxuron administrated rats. Also, the mean values of serum transaminases [ALT and AST] and alkaline phosphate [ALP] activities were increased. Prolonged administration of chlorpyrifos caused no effect on hemoglobin concentration, however, it significantly decreased leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, hematocrite values, platelet count and blood indices. On the other hand, flufenoxuron exerted significant decreases in all hematological parameters as compared with the control group. Likewise, chlorpyrifos and flufenoxuron administration significantly decreased testis weight, concentration of sperm cells, percentage of live sperms but on the other hand, caused increase in percentage of abnormal sperms. The orally administration of flufenoxuron and chlorpyrifos led to histopathological changes in liver, kidneys and testis of the treated rats. On the other hand, bio-insecticides [Bacillus thuringiensis] did not show such hazardous effects on the orally administrated rats and consequently it would be safe to people and can be used on all food crops

THE CURATIVE EFFECT OF SOME ANTIOXIDANTS ON gamma-IRRADIATED RATS

The current investigation was conducted aiming at throwing some light on the deteriorative effect of gamma-irradiation on the biochemical and hematological parameters as well as the tissues of liver and kidney of male albino rats. Furthermore, the study dealt with increasing the protectivity of rats against gamma-irradiation through examining the curative effect of some antioxidants besides the ethanolic extract of beans hull [phenolic compounds]. The ethanolic extract of beans hull represented 13.02% of the weight of hulls, while the total phenolic content represented 26.45 micro g/g of beans hull weight. Results showed that the ethanolic extract of beans hull contains some important compounds include; iso-butyl protocatecolate, beta-carotene, flavonoid glycoside and alpha-tocopherol which are effective as antioxidants. Results indicated that the whole body gamma-irradiation of rats at a dose of [6 Gy] caused significant diminish in haemoglobin, [RBC's] count, serum albumin and glutathione enzyme in serum. On the other hand, irradiation led to significant increases in total lipids, cholesterol, glucose, lipoproteins, LDL-cholesterol, urea and creatinine. Likewise, gamma-irradiation caused significant elevation in the activity of liver enzymes [ALT, AST] and kidney function tests [creatinine and urea]. The histological examination showed some changes in liver and kidney tissues. Giving antioxidants to rats improved significantly blood antioxidant markers and liver enzymes, besides of the kidney and liver functions. The ethanolic extract of beans hull given to the rats at a dose of 40 micro g/100g b.w. showed a positive effect on biochemical parameters and also on histological ultrastructure compatable with the melatonin effect