ABSTRACT
AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of the roots and stem bark of Kadsura coccinea.@*METHOD@#Compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and finally purified by prep-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS.@*RESULTS@#Two compounds were determined as (7'S,8'S,8R)-(8β,8'α)-dimethyl-4,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxy-5'-cyclolignan glucoside (1) and micrandiactone H (2), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Compunds 1 and 2 are new and neither showed inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Cell Line , Glycosides , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Kadsura , Chemistry , Lignin , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Macrophages , Metabolism , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Mass Spectrometry , Molecular Structure , Nitric Oxide , Metabolism , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Plant Roots , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents and their anti-oxidative activities of Kadsura coccinea. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography. The structures were determined by means of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analyses. The anti-oxidative activity was studied by DPPH methods. Results: Fourteen compounds were separated and identified as micrandilactone C (1), 3, 4-dimethoxy phenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (2), salidroside (3), schisanhenol (4), protocatechuic acid (5), ethyl shikimate (6), shikimic acid (7), 5-O-β-D-glucopyranosylgentisic acid (8), syringic acid (9), 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid-dibuty ester (10), benzyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosylvanillic acid (12), syringaldehyde (13), and methyl shikimate (14). Compounds 5, 6, and 14 had the anti-oxidative activities. Conclusion: Compounds 2, 4, 6, and 8-14 are firstly isolated from K. coccinea. Compounds 5, 6, and 14 have the certain prospects in the development of natural anti-oxidative agents.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Transabdominal sonography has been widely used in the diagnosis of suspected urinary calculi, assisted by secondary findings from urinary tract obstruction, but this method shows low specificity and relatively high incidence of false-positives. Recently, detection of stone itself with new Doppler finding and bladder distension on sonography has demonstrated high sensitivity. METHODS: We performed prospective transabdominal ultrasonography for emergency department patients with acute urinary colic pain over a 3 month period. With adequate bladder distension by intravenous hydration and initial spontaneous voiding drive, stones itself could be tracked along the entire length of urinary tract by emergency physician who received short-term education course. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty one patients enrolled; 86 received a sonographic exam and 57 showed urinary calculi. The detection rate of urinary calculi was 71.3%. The most common sonographic feature used in the diagnosis of urinary calculi was a distinct echogenic stone appearance within the dilated urinary tract with posterior acoustic shadowing. CONCLUSION: We concluded that detection of urinary calculi by transabdominal ultrasonography could be very useful in mbination with secondary sonographic finding from urinary tract obstruction in the evaluation of suspected urinary colic.