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1.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 41(1): 46-56, jan-feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742884

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the safety, efficacy and possible complications of 16-core transrectal prostate biopsies using two doses of ciprofloxacin for prophylaxis of infectious complications. Materials and Methods Sixteen-core prostate biopsies were performed on a number of patients with different signs of potential prostate cancer. Complications were assessed both during the procedure and one week later. After the procedure, urine samples were collected for culture. The rate of post-biopsy complications, hospital visits and hospitalizations were also analyzed. Ciprofloxacin (500 mg) was administered two hours before, and eight hours after the procedure. Results The overall rate of post-biopsy complications was 87.32%, being 5.4% of those considered major complications due to hemorrhage, or to urinary retention. Eight patients required hospital treatment post-biopsy. Fever occurred in just one patient (0.29%). There was no incidence of orchitis, epididymitis, prostatitis, septicemia, hospitalization, or death. The urine culture showed positive results in five patients (2.15%). Conclusion One-day prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin proved to be safe and effective in the prevention of infectious complications following 16-core prostate biopsies. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Prostate/pathology , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Hospitalization , Image-Guided Biopsy/adverse effects , Image-Guided Biopsy/methods , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control , Urine/microbiology
2.
São Paulo med. j ; 126(3): 194-196, May 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-489021

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Isolated renal cell carcinoma recurrence at the renal fossa is a rare event. This condition occurs in 1 to 2 percent of radical nephrectomy cases. It is usually seen in postoperative follow-up imaging examinations such as abdominal computed tomography or abdominal ultrasound. There is controversy among urologists and oncologists regarding the best way to treat this rare situation, because of the few cases in the literature. CASE REPORT: We report on a case of isolated recurrence at the renal fossa due to renal cell carcinoma (RCC), four and a half years after radical nephrectomy, without evidence of metastases in other organs. The diagnosis was made from abdominal tomography performed during outpatient follow-up, in which a retroperitoneal mass was observed in the renal fossa. Excision was carried out by means of a subcostal transversal incision, without complications. One and a half years after the procedure, there was evidence of metastasis in the left lung and, six months later, another recurrence at the ninth anterior right rib, while the patient remained asymptomatic. Aggressive surgical treatment is a good method for controlling this rare situation of single retroperitoneal RCC recurrence. Abdominal tomography must continue to be performed over long periods of follow-up, to monitor for RCC following radical nephrectomy, in order to diagnose any late retroperitoneal recurrences. These must be treated as single RCC metastases.


CONTEXTO: A recorrência local única do carcinoma renal de células claras em seu leito renal após nefrectomia radical é um evento raro. Estima-se que essa situação ocorra em 0,8 por cento a 3,6 por cento do total de procedimentos. Comumente, seu diagnóstico é realizado através de tomografia computadorizada de abdômen ou ultra-som renal usados no acompanhamento desses pacientes. É polêmico qual o melhor tratamento dessa rara condição entre urologistas e oncologistas devido aos poucos relatos em literatura. RELATO DE CASO: Relatamos um caso de recidiva neoplásica única no leito renal após quatro anos e meio da nefrectomia radical por adenocarcinoma de células claras, sem evidência de metástases a distância em outros órgãos. O diagnóstico foi realizado por meio de tomografia abdominal em acompanhamento ambulatorial, observando-se massa retroperitoneal em topografia renal. A massa foi retirada por meio de uma incisão subcostal ampliada, em cirurgia sem intercorrências. O paciente evoluiu bem no pós-operatório. Após um ano e meio do procedimento, foi evidenciada uma metástase no pulmão esquerdo, e seis meses após, outra recorrência metastática na nona costela anterior à direita, mesmo com paciente totalmente assintomático. O tratamento cirúrgico agressivo em recorrência local única é um bom método para controlar essa rara doença. Tomografia computadorizada de abdômen deve ser feita em acompanhamento de carcinoma renal por longos períodos após a nefrectomia radical para o diagnóstico de recorrências tardias e o tratamento deve ser feito como o de uma metástase recorrente única.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Nephrectomy , Postoperative Period , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/secondary
3.
São Paulo med. j ; 126(2): 126-127, Mar. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-484522

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a widely known condition affecting males that generally presents prenatally or at birth. PUVs have also been occasionally described in literature in cases diagnosed during adolescence or adulthood. CASE REPORT: This report presents two late PUV cases, one in a teenager and the other in an adult. Both cases had had clinical signs of urinary tract infection and obstructive urinary symptoms. The diagnoses were made by means of voiding cystourethrography and urethrocystoscopy. Endoscopic valve fulguration was the treatment chosen for both. Their follow-up was uneventful.


CONTEXTO: Válvula de uretra posterior (VUP) é uma conhecida malformação congênita urinária, geralmente diagnosticada em exames ultra-sonográficos pré-natais ou ao nascimento. Raramente, esta doença pode ser encontrada em adolescentes e em adultos. RELATO DE CASOS: Este artigo mostra dois casos de VUP, encontrados em um adolescente e em um adulto. Ambos apresentavam sinais clínicos de infecção do trato urinário e sintomas obstrutivos infravesicais. Os diagnósticos foram realizados por uretrocistografia miccional e uretrocistoscopia. Fulguração endoscópica das válvulas foi o tratamento de escolha para ambos os casos. O acompanhamento demonstrou melhora importante dos sintomas após o tratamento.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Male , Urethra/abnormalities , Urethral Obstruction , Urethra , Urinary Tract Infections , Urination , Urography/methods
4.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 34(6): 437-438, nov.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-472233

ABSTRACT

Late renal cell carcinoma recurrence in the renal fossa is a rare event. This condition occurs in 1 to 2 percent of radical nephrectomies. We reported a late recurrence at the renal fossa about four and half years after radical nephrectomy due to a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) without metastasis elsewhere. Diagnosis in an outpatient follow-up was made during an abdominal computed tomography and we observed a retroperitoneal mass in the renal fossa. The excision at the recurrence area was made through a subcostal transversal incision without any difficulty. After 6 months from this second procedure, there was no evidence of recurrence. The surgical aggressive treatment for late retroperitoneal RCC recurrence is a good method in this rare situation. Abdominal computed tomography must be done during long periods of follow-up for patients with radical nephrectomy for RCC to search for late retroperitoneal recurrences.

5.
São Paulo med. j ; 124(4): 198-202, July -Aug. 2006. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-437227

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Prostate biopsy is not a procedure without risk. There is concern about major complications and which antibiotics are best for routine use before these biopsies. The objective was to determine the rate of complications and the possible risk factors in prostate biopsies. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. METHODS: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsies were carried out in 174 patients presenting either abnormality in digital rectal examinations (DRE) or levels higher than 4 ng/ml in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests, or both. RESULTS: Hemorrhagic complications were the most common (75.3 percent), while infectious complications occurred in 19 percent of the cases. Hematuria was the most frequent type (56 percent). Urinary tract infection (UTI) occurred in 16 patients (9.2 percent). Sepsis was observed in three patients (1.7 percent). The presence of an indwelling catheter was a risk factor for infectious complications (p < 0.05). Higher numbers of biopsies correlated with hematuria, rectal bleeding and infectious complications (p < 0.05). The other conditions investigated did not correlate with post-biopsy complications. CONCLUSIONS: Post-biopsy complications were mostly self-limiting. The rate of major complications was low, thus showing that TRUS guided prostate biopsy was safe and effective. Higher numbers of fragments taken in biopsies correlated with hematuria, rectal bleeding and infectious complications. An indwelling catheter represented a risk factor for infectious complications. The use of aspirin was not an absolute contraindication for TRUS.


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A biópsia da próstata não é um procedimento isento de riscos. Existe preocupação com respeito às complicações e quais seriam os melhores antibióticos usados antes do procedimento. O objetivo foi determinar a taxa de complicações e os possíveis fatores de risco para complicação na biópsia da próstata. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo prospectivo clínico, realizado no Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas biópsias em 174 pacientes que apresentavam anormalidade ao exame digital da próstata ou antígeno prostático específico maior que 4 ng/ml ou ambos. Todos os pacientes realizaram enema e antibioticoprofilaxia previamente ao exame. As complicações foram anotadas após o término do procedimento e em consultas posteriores. Algumas condições foram investigadas como possíveis fatores de risco para biópsias de próstata: idade, câncer da próstata, diabetes melito, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, antecedentes de prostatite, uso de ácido acetilsalicílico, volume prostático, número de biópsias e uso de sonda vesical. RESULTADOS: As complicações hemorrágicas foram mais comuns (75,3 por cento) enquanto que as infecciosas ocorreram em 19 por cento dos casos. O tipo mais freqüente foi a hematúria, ocorrendo em 56 por cento dos pacientes. A infecção do trato urinário ocorreu em 16 pacientes (9,2 por cento). Sepse foi observada em três pacientes (1,7 por cento). Não houve óbitos. Em 20 por cento dos pacientes não foram observadas complicações após o exame. A presença da sonda vesical foi fator de risco para complicações infecciosas (p < 0,05). O número maior de amostras nas biópsias foi relacionado à hematúria, sangramento retal e complicações infecciosas (p < 0,05). As demais condições investigadas não se relacionaram com complicações pós-biópsia da próstata. CONCLUSÕES: As complicações pós-biópsia da próstata foram em sua maioria autolimitadas. A taxa de complicações graves foi baixa, sendo a biópsia de próstata guiada pelo ultra-som segura e eficaz. A retirada de um maior número de fragmentos na biópsia relaciona-se com hematúria, sangramento retal e complicações infecciosas. A sonda vesical foi um fator de risco para complicações infecciosas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy/adverse effects , Hemorrhage/etiology , Prostate/pathology , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Ultrasonography, Interventional/adverse effects , Age Factors , Biopsy/methods , Biopsy/standards , Hematuria/etiology , Prospective Studies , Prostate , Prostatic Neoplasms , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods , Ultrasonography, Interventional/standards , Urinary Tract Infections/etiology
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