Relationship between home literacy environment and emotional regulation in children: the mediating effect of the parent-child relationship / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the impact of the home literacy environment on children's emotional regulation skills and the mediating role of the parent-child relationship between them.@*METHODS@#A stratified cluster sampling approach was employed to select 1 626 preschool children from five kindergartens in Nanjing. Questionnaires were used to collect detailed information on the home literacy environment, children's emotional regulation skills, and the parent-child relationship. A mediation model was established using the Process program in SPSS macro, and the significance of the mediation effect was tested using the Bootstrap method.@*RESULTS@#The findings revealed a positive correlation between the home literacy environment and children's emotional regulation skills (r=0.217, P<0.001), as well as parent-child intimacy (r=0.065, P<0.01). Conversely, a negative correlation was found between the home literacy environment and parent-child conflict (r=-0.129, P<0.001). Additionally, parent-child conflict demonstrated a negative correlation with children's emotional regulation skills (r=-0.443, P<0.001), while parent-child intimacy exhibited a positive correlation (r=0.247, P<0.001). The home literacy environment exerted a significant direct effect on children's emotional regulation skills (β=0.162, P<0.001), and the mediating effect of the parent-child relationship accounted for 25.54% of the total effect.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The home literacy environment significantly influences children's emotional regulation skills, with the parent-child relationship partially mediating this relationship.

Effect of Shihu Mixture on Autophagy Protein of AMPK/TFEB Signaling Pathway in Rats with T2DM-NAFLD / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the expression of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase （AMPK）/transcription factor EB （TFEB） autophagy signaling pathway protein in type 2 diabetes （T2DM） complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） rats after intervention with Shihu mixture （SHM）. Method:Among 40 male SD rats， 10 rats were randomly selected as normal group according to body weight. The remaining 30 rats were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 6 weeks， and then intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin （STZ） to establish a T2DM NAFLD model. They were divided into normal control group （10 mL·kg-1·d-1）， model control group （10 mL·kg-1·d-1）， metformin group （100 mg·kg-1·d-1）， SHM group （11.3 g·kg-1·d-1）. The rats in each group were gavaged for 4 weeks. After gavage， the rats were euthanized. Abdominal aortic blood and liver tissue were collected to detect fasting blood glucose （FBS）， glycated serum protein （GSP）， insulin （INS）， triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） content. Htoxylin eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe changes in liver tissue morphology. Western blot was used to detect AMPK/TFEB signaling pathway-related protein expression. Result:Compared with the model control group， FBS and GSP of the SHM group and the DMBG group decreased （P<0.05）， while INS increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， HDL increased in the SHM group and the DMBG group （P<0.05）， whereas TC， TG and LDL contents decreased （P<0.05）. Liver HE staining results showed that both SHM and Metformin could improve the liver morphology of T2DM and NAFLD rats to some extent. Western blot results showed that p-AMPK/AMPK of SHM and metformin increased （P<0.05）， while the expressions of TFEB and LC3Ⅱ increased （P<0.05）. Conclusion:SHM can improve glucose and lipid metabolism by activating AMPK/TFEB autophagy signaling pathway， so as to improve liver pathological morphology.

Chemical constituents from ripe fruit of Cornus officinalis / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the chemical compounds from the fruit of Cornus officinalis, six compounds were isolated and determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis as 6'-O-acetyl-7α-O-ethyl morroniside (1), (-)-isolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2), apigenin (3), cirsiumaldehyde(4), p-coumaric acid (5), caffeic acid (6). Compound 1 was a new iridoid glucoside,and compounds 2-4 were obtained from the Cornus genus for the first time. Compounds 2-6 were evaluated for the viability of PC12 cells when exposed in conditions of oxygen and glucose deprivation. The MTT results showed that compound 4 increased cell viability moderately in OGD/R treated PC12 cells at the concentration of 1.0 μmol•L⁻¹.

The effect of iNOS gene expression inhibited by RNA inference on the pancreas islet apoptosis and function in rats / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of iNOS gene on cell apoptosis and insulin secretion of pancreas islet in rats by RNA inference (RNAi).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Islets obtained from thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, and siRNA oligo was purchased from Genepharma in Shanghai. The cultured islets were transfected with iNOS siRNA, and then were divided into five groups. Islet cultured only was taken as blank control group, and cultured with TNF-alpha + IL-1 beta as cytokine group. Islet transfected with negative or iNOS siRNA were taken as negative transfection control group or RNAi group, while that transfected with iNOS siRNA and cultured with TNF-alpha + IL-1 beta as RNAi + cytokine group. Expression of iNOS mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR and iNOS protein was evaluated by Western blot to detect the effect of RNAi. The expression of apoptosis correlated gene, Bax, Fas were analyzed, and the apoptotic cells were identified by TUNEL method meanwhile. Insulin secretion index assay the function of the islets.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>500 - 600 IEQ islets could be extracted from every rat. RNAi attenuated the expression of iNOS and restrained the synthesis of iNOS protein.With treatment of cytokines IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, the level of iNOS increased remarkably, the expression of Bax and Fas ascended distinctly, and insulin secretion index decreased strikingly. While, the expression of apoptosis gene and amount of apoptotic cells descended in group of RNAi + cytokine, and insulin secretion index were satisfying.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The apoptosis from cytokines to islets mediated by iNOS could be suppressed by RNAi, which leaded to favorable function and survival of islets.</p>

Liver transplantation in end-stage liver disease with portal vein thrombosis / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the experience in the managements of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and to evaluate the impact of PVT on intraoperative course and postoperative outcome in liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between May 1995 and September 2007, 194 orthotopic liver transplantations were performed, of which 24 cases presented portal vein thrombosis. There were 12 patients with grade I, 9 with grade II, 2 with grade III and 1 with grade IV. The management of PVT depended mainly on its extent. Ligation of the collateral circulation, especially spontaneous or surgical splenorenal shunt, was made as approaches to improve portal flow.Heparin or low-molecule-weight heparin as a prophylactic anticoagulation therapy was maintained during and after operation if prothrombin time is less than eighteen seconds. Follow-up Doppler ultrasonography was used daily in the early postoperative period. Risk factors and variables associated with the transplant and the post-transplant period were analyzed and compared with 170 patients transplanted without PVT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Surgical techniques were eversion thromboendovenectomy in 21 patients with PVT grades I and II, extra-anatomic mesenteric graft in 2 with grade III, and anastomosis to a collateral vein in 1 with grade IV. The study demonstrated more RBC transfusions [(15.2 +/- 11.8) U vs. (8.6 +/- 6.6) U, P = 0.006], longer surgery procedures [(492 +/- 89) min vs. (403 +/- 105) min, P = 0.001] and hospital stay [(32.4 +/- 13.5) d vs. (22.1 +/- 9.1) d, P = 0.001] in the PVT group. However, there were no differences in overall morbidity (58.3% vs. 50.6%, P = 0.478), hospital mortality (8.3% vs.6.5%, P = 0.73) and 1-year survival (87.5% vs. 89.4%, P = 0.778). The incidence of rethrombosis was higher in the PVT group (8.3% vs.1.2%, P = 0.021). Two cases rethrombosis were successfully cured by percutaneous thrombolysis, balloon angioplasty, and stent placement.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Portal thrombosis is associated with greater operative complexity and rethrombosis, but has no influence on overall morbidity and mortality in liver transplantation.</p>

Prevention and treatment of biliary complications following orthotopic liver transplantation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevention and treatment of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 183 recipients who had received liver transplantation between May 1995 and December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Biliary complications occurred in 15 patients (15/183, 8.2%). The incidence for short-term and long-term complication were 6.0% (11/183) and 2.2% (4/183) respectively. No biliary complications was due to hepatic artery thrombosis(HAT). Four cases who received PTC(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) with stent insertion,8 cases who received ERCP( endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) with stent insertion and 1 who received Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy for anastomotic stricture were successfully cured. Two cases required relaparotomy died for fungus infection eventually. The mortality due to biliary complications was 1.1%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The rapid combined abdominal organ harvesting technique could shorten the ischemia time and ameliorate the injury due to vascular and bile duct variances, which could reduce the incidence of biliary complication. PTC and (or) ERCP combined with stent insertion were main procedure for biliary complications not related to HAT after liver transplantation.</p>

Combined modality therapy for primary choriocarcinoma in the pineal region: report of two cases / 南方医科大学学报

We report two rare cases of primary choriocarcinoma in the pineal region verified histologically. In both cases, the pre-operative serum level of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was significantly elevated to 128-/+935.7 and 9 -/+088.9 mIU/ml, respectively, and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was negative. The tumors were microsurgically removed, and postoperative hydrocephalus were treated by endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Both patients underwent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. After adjunctive treatment, the serum HCG decreased within normal range. During the two-year-long follow-up, no radiological (MRI) evidence was found to suggest recurrence in MR imaging, and the serum HCG was normal in one patient, but mildly elevated in the other. HCG measurement can be crucial to the diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of choriocarcinoma, and radical surgical tumor removal and combined modality therapy including chemotherapy and radiotherapy may ensure good results.

Effects of blocking the CXC chemokine receptor 3 pathway on acute rejection of islet allograft / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the effect of PNA CXCR3 on acute rejection of islet allograft.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mice islet transplant models were used. The mice were divided into three groups including saline group, PNA CXCR3 group and mismatch PNA group. In vitro the proliferation capability of T cell was assessed by proliferative responses. RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein. Flow cytometry was applied to determine the expression level of CXCR3 in spleen CD3(+) T cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with saline [(6.72 +/- 1.48) d] and PNA mismatch-treated recipients [(6.54 +/- 0.86) d], PNA CXCR3-treated recipients demonstrated statistically significant prolongation [(9.70 +/- 1.57) d] in functional allograft survival. The CXCR3 mRNA expression level of PNA CXCR3 group (1.06 +/- 0.07) was significantly down-regulated compared with saline (1.98 +/- 0.22) and PNA mismatch (1.87 +/- 0.10) group at the 7th day after transplant. The date showed that CXCR3 protein and lymphocytes proliferation capability was significantly down-regulated in PNA CXCR3 group compared with saline and PNA mismatch group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The present study indicates that PNA CXCR3 can inhibit T cell activating and prolonging the survival time of islet allograft and has a substantial therapeutic effect on inhibiting acute allograft rejection.</p>

Establishment of rat hypophyseal compression model and changes in its postoperative biological characteristics / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a rat model of hypophyseal compression and observe and analyze the changes in its biological characteristics after operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rats were subjected to compression of the pituitary gland by stuffing the autologous muscular tissue into the hypophyseal fossa. The postoperative mortality of the rats was recorded and the volume of the hypophyeseal fossa, body weight, daily food intake, water intake, urine volume and urine specific gravity were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rat models of the hypophyseal compression model were successfully established by this procedure, which resulted in an increase of the volume of hypophyseal fossa by 35%. Rapid body weight loss occurred within 5 weeks after the operation (by as much as 31% on day 10). The rats exhibited recovery of appetite after 2 weeks, but their food intake was still less than that in the control group. Manifestations of central diabetes insipidus occurred gradually, which were especially obvious at 2 weeks and persisted afterwards, and at this time point, significant increment of urine volume (55.4-/+15.9 vs 18.5-/+5.8 ml) and lowered urine gravity (1.011-/+0.004 vs 1.036-/+0.006) were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rat models of hypophyseal compression can be established successfully by the described procedure, and the compression results in alteration of the rats' metabolic behaviors, which may differ from the effects of hypophysectomy and damage of pituitary stalk.</p>

Prevention and treatment of rejection after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore methods of preventing and reversing rejection after simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen patients underwent SPK transplantation from September 1999 to September 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. Immunosuppression was achieved by a triple drug regimen consisting of cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofteil (MMF), and steroids. Three patients were treated with anti-CD3 monoclone antibody (OKT3, 5 mg x d(-1)) for induction therapy for a mean period of 5-7 days. One patients received IL-2 receptor antibodies (daclizumab) in a dose of 1 mg x kg(-1) on the day of transplant and the 5th day posttransplant. One patient was treated with both OKT3 and daclizumab for induction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No primary non-functionality of either kidney or pancreas occurred in this series of transplantations. Function of all the kidney grafts recovered within 2 to 4 days after transplantation. The level of serum creatinine was 94 +/- 11 micromol/L on the 7th day posttransplant. One patient experienced the accelerated rejection, resulting in the resection of the pancreas and kidney grafts because of the failure of conservative therapy. The incidence of the first rejection episodes at 3 months was 47.1% (8/17). Only the kidney was involved in 35.3% (6/17); and both the pancreas and kidney were involved in 11.8% (2/17). All these patients received a high-dose pulse of methylprednisone (0.5 g x d(-1)) for 3 days. OKT3 (0.5 mg x d(-1)) was administered for 7-10 days in two patients with both renal and pancreas rejection. All the grafts were successfully rescued.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rejection, particularly acute rejection, is the major cause influencing graft function in SPK transplantation. Monitoring renal function and pancreas exocrine secretion, and reasonable application of immunosuppressants play important roles in the diagnosis and treatment of rejection.</p>

Risk factors of postoperative acute lung injury of liver transplantation / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To study the risk factor of postoperative acute lung injury(ALI)after liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of I00 patients with end-stage liver diseases who re- ceived liver transplantations were retrospectively reviewed.The risk factors of postoperative ALI after liver transplantation were analyzed by using single variance analysis and multiple variance regression analysis.Results Thirteen patients(13 %,13/11t0)altogether were diagnosed as ALI after liver transplantation.Binary logistic analysis revealed that massive transfusion during operation(more than 5000 ml)and severity of reperfusion injury(ALT above 600 U/L)were two independent risk factors of postoperative ALI following liver transplantation.Massive transfusion significantly increased the risk of ALI by 12.7 times,whereas the severe reperfusion significantly increased the risk of ALI by 7.0 times.Conclusions ALl is a serious multifactoral complication after liver transplantation with high mortality and fatality.Massive transfusion and the severe reperfusion injury are two independent risk factors with high morbidity and mortality.