Food safety risk monitoring ability of institutions for disease control and prevention in a province / 上海预防医学

Objective:To determine the current situation of food safety risk monitoring ability of centers for disease control and prevention （CDCs） in a province， and provide reference for strengthening the construction of food safety monitoring ability in the future. Methods:A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 14 CDCs who are responsible for food safety risk monitoring in the province in 2018. Results:The ratio of food inspection staff with senior， middle， and primary professional titles was 1∶1∶1. The educational background of food inspection staff at the provincial and municipal levels was mainly bachelor degree or above， while that of county level directly under the administration of the province was mainly college degree. The age composition of the staff at the provincial level tended to be elder； however， there were more staff with less working experience at the county level. The qualification proportion of laboratory area was 50%. The distribution proportion of food inspection equipment in the CDC at all levels was 83.3%， 79.5% and 36.3%， respectively. In total， 14 CDCs completed the monitoring task as required. They were all accredited with laboratory qualifications； however， one CDC did not conduct re-evaluation after the certification of food inspection qualification expired. Each CDC ensured the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data through the supervision in food testing. Conclusion:The food safety risk monitoring ability of the CDCs in the province is continuously improved， which can meet the needs of routine monitoring. However， the composition of professional titles of food inspection staff is not very reasonable. There is still a gap between the equipment configuration and the national requirements. The ability of food inspection needs to be improved， in which quality management and laboratory qualification should be further strengthened.

Sexual physiology and psychology of male college students and their clinical significance / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the sexual physiology and psychology of male college students and to provide schools, families and the society with reference for the sexual physiological and psychological education among college students as well as for the diagnosis and treatment of their sexual psychological disorders in Jiangsu.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An investigation was conducted by using a questionnaire on sexual physiology and psychology among randomly selected 3786 male college students from 18 universities in Jiangsu.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As regards sexual education, 5.49% of the subjects were satisfied with their schools, 78.18% wanted it to be strengthened and 68.36% obtained their sexual knowledge from the internet. Concerning sexual physiology, 68.78% experienced their first spermatorrhea at the age of 12-15. As for sexual psychology, 85.79% loved a certain female inwardly, and 70.99% experienced love affairs. With regard to sexual activity, 25.54% had sexual experience.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>College students nowadays are relatively open in sexual ideology, immature in sexual psychology and lacking in sexual knowledge, while schools are inefficient in sexual education. Their sexual health calls for joint attention from schools, families and the society, particularly schools, which need to establish special offices for research and education on sexual health.</p>

Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by percutaneous decompression and autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell infusion / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by percutaneous decompression and autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMCs) infusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>44 hips in 28 patients with avascular necrosis at early stage were treated by percutaneous multiple holes decompression followed by autologous BMCs infusion. Autologous BMCs were concentrated from bone marrow that was taken from the posterior iliac crest of the patient. Patients were followed up at least 2 years. The results were determined by the changes in the Harris hip score and the progression in the radiograghic stages.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No complications were observed after the operation. Before operation, there were stage I of femoral head necrosis in 8 hips, stage II in 15 hips, stage III in 14 hips, stage IV in 7 hips, and the postoperative stages at the most recent follow-up were stage O in 1 hip, stage I in 6 hips, stage II in 13 hips, stage III in 13 hips, stage IV in 7 hips, stage V in 4 hips. The mean preoperative Harris hip score was 58 (46-89), and improved to 86 (70-94) postoperatively. All the femoral head collapsed preoperatively showed that the necrotic size was at least more than 30%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Percutaneous multiple holes decompression combined with autologous BMCs is a new way to treat avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The earlier the stage, the better the result. A randomized prospective study needed to compare with routine core decompression in the future.</p>

Observation on the safety: clinical trail on intracoronary autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells transplantation for acute myocardial infarction / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the safety of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNCs) transplantation by intracoronary infusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eighty-four patients with AMI treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomized in a 1:1 way to either intracoronary transplantation of autologous BM-MNCs (n = 92) right after PCI or to sodium chloride concluding heparin (controlled, n = 92) via a micro infusion catheter. In the process of the intracoronary infusion of BM-MNCs, the complications should be recorded, which were aberration reflect (including of pale, syncope, nausea, hypotension and shock), deterioration of angina or heart failure, arrhythmias (including of bradycardia, sinus arrest or atrial ventricular block or ventricular fibrillation), embolism etc. Body temperature, blood pressure and heart rates should be monitored during the first week after transplantation. Holter, coronary angiography and ultrasonic cardiography were performed at the designed time points. Main heart accidents, restenosis and tumor were recorded during 2-years follow up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the period of bone marrow puncture and intracoronary infusion of BM-MNCs, few patients occurred pale, dizziness, bradycardia and hypotension, which were transient and due to vagus reflect. No stem cell-related arrhythmias, deterioration of angina were noted. In BM-MNCs group one patient developed in-stent reocclusion in one week after transplantation, five developed in-stent restenosis during further follow-up 30 months, which were similar with control group. There were no deaths, major adverse cardiac events, tumor and other late adverse events during follow-up period in both groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intracoronary transplantation of autologous BM-MNCs in the acute phase after AMI is feasible and seems safe in the 30 months of follow-up.</p>

Relationship between infection burden and atherosclerosis and plaque feature / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the relationship between infection burden and coronary atherosclerosis and the plaque feature.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eighty two patients underwent coronary angiography in Zhongshan Hospital from 2002 - 2003. Atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaque were determined by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). Seropositivity of cytomegalovirus, helicobacter pylori, chlamydia pneumonia, hepatitis B virus, EB virus, CoxB virus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus and mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined by ELISA. The serum hs-CRP was detected by Dade Behring prospect (Immuno-nehelomitery). Patients were divided into three groups according to the pathogen burden: group A, n <or= 3, group B, n = 4 - 5 and group C, n >or= 6.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The pathogen burden was independent of the C-reactive protein level. Increasing pathogen burden was significantly associated with increasing atherosclerosis risk, the prevalence of atherosclerosis was 44.4%, 70.6% and 76.7% in group A, B and C. The risk associated with elevated pathogen burden was much higher when CRP was also elevated (> 5.0 mg/L) (43.8%, 70.0%, 70.8%) vs (45.5%, 63.7%, 96.8%). The positively of vulnerable plaque increased significantly when the pathogen burden was high (n > 5) (33.3%, 32.4% and 51.7% P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our data suggested that infection burden was associated with prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis, and it was particularly important when C-reactive protein was elevated. The high level infection burden could predict vulnerable plaque.</p>

Impact of pathogen burden on in-stent restenosis in patients after coronary stent implantation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Although some certain infectious pathogens could be detected in the patients with coronary artery disease, the roles of these infectious factors in the development of coronary artery diseases remain largely unknown. Since the number of infectious pathogens has been argued to be relative to the coronary artery diseases, we therefore examined whether there is a link between the number of infections and the incidence of in-stent restenosis after stent implantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eighty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Infectious pathogens including serum anti-Chlymydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Helico pylori, human herpes simplex virus-1, human herpes simplex virus-2 antibodies and hepatitis B virus antigen were measured in all patients before coronary stent implantation. Coronary angiography was performed before, immediately after and 6 months after stent implantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Restenosis rate 6 months post stent implantation was similar in patients with low pathogen burden (< 3 pathogens, 33.3%) to those with high pathogen burden (> or = 3 pathogens, 29.1%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Previous infections with Chlymydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, Helico pylori, human herpes simplex virus-1, human herpes simplex virus-2 and hepatitis B virus do not contribute to the incidence of restenosis after stent implantation.</p>

Relation between activation of NF-kappa B and chemotherapy induced apoptosis of leukemic cells / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the relation between activation of NF-kappa B and chemotherapy induced apoptosis of leukemic cells and the effect of vincristine (VCR) on them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to detect the activation of NF-kappa B and tunel DNA electrophoresis was adopted to observe the apoptosis induced by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and etopside (Vp-16) in P388 leukemic cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The activation of NF-kappa B induced by Ara-C and Vp-16 was obviously correlated to apoptosis in P388 cells. VCR (0.1 micromol/L) could suppress activation of NF-kappa B by 52% and 63% and significantly increase the apoptosis by 89% and 123% as induced by Ara-C (100 micromol/L) and Vp-16 (100 micromol/L). The activity of NF-kappa B could be found in P388 cells before being exposed to chemotherapeutic agent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chemotherapeutic agents can induce apoptosis and activation of NF-kappa B of P388 cells. The mechanism of VCR potentiating chemotherapeutics induction of leukemia cell apoptosis may be related to its suppression of the NF-kappa B activity in the P388 cells.</p>