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Alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a special type of gastric cancer. AFPGC is considered to be the most highly invasive tumor with a high degree of malignancy and prone to metastasis. As a consequence, it usually causes unsatisfied treatment effect and the prognosis is poor. At present, treatment methods and monitoring indicators have limited effect on AFPGC. VEGF, HER2, AFP, GPC3 and SALL4 are cogently associated with tumor genesis and development. If we can reasonably guide the treatment and prognosis of AFPGC patients, it will greatly improve the situation of patients and improve the survival of patients. This article reviews the research progress of the genes related to the treatment and prognosis of AFPGC.
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Objective:To investigate the predictive value of postoperative C-reactive protein for serious complications after Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 298 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy in the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army from January 2017 to June 2019 were collected. There were 253 males and 45 females, aged from 24 to 86 years, with a median age of 60 years. Of the 298 patients, 275 cases underwent no serious postoperative complications and 23 cases underwent serious postoperative complications. Observation indicators: (1) serious postoperative complications; (2) analysis of risk factors for serious postoperative complications after Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer; (3) performance evaluation of the predictive indicators. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. Univariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression model. The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn and the area under curve (AUC) was used to compare and estimate the efficiency of diagnostic criteria. The value of Youden index was used to determine the optimal cut-off point. Results:(1) Serious postoperative complications: of the 298 patients, 23 cases underwent complications classified ≥grade Ⅲa of Clavien-Dindo classifica-tion, including 10 cases with grade Ⅲa complications, 7 cases with grade Ⅲb complications, 4 cases with grade Ⅳa complications, 1 case with grade Ⅳb complications and 1 case with grade Ⅴ complications. (2) Analysis of risk factors for serious postoperative complications after Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer. Results of univariate analysis showed that operation time, indicators of C-reactive protein concentration and neutrophil count at post-operative day 1, and indicators of C-reactive protein concentration, white blood cells count, neutrophil count and platelet count at postoperative day 3 and pathological stage were related factors affecting serious complications for advanced gastric cancer after Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy ( χ2=7.671, 4.504, 5.045, 48.293, 9.575, 15.436, 13.731, 9.537, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that the operation time ≥250 minutes, the concentration of C-reactive protein at postoperative day 3 ≥16.65 mg/dL, the neutrophil count at postoperative day 3 ≥8.167×10 9/L, the platelet count at postoperative day 3 ≥218×10 9/L and the pathological stage of tumor as stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ were independent risk factors affecting serious complications for advanced gastric cancer after Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy ( odds ratio=3.721, 16.084, 6.056, 6.893, 12.455, 95% confidence interval: 1.032-13.421, 4.657-55.547, 1.073-34.163, 1.798-26.423, 1.338-115.930, P<0.05). (3) Performance evaluation of the predictive indicators: the C-reactive protein concentration at postoperative day 3 was a high-performance predictor with the AUC as 0.851 (95% c onfidence interval: 0.780-0.921, P<0.05) and neutrophil count and platelet count at postoperative day 3 were low-performance predictors with the AUC as 0.659 and 0.666 (95% confidence interval: 0.570-0.748 and 0.581-0.750, P<0.05). Conclusion:The C-reactive protein concentration ≥16.65 mg/dL at postoperative day 3 is a high performance predictive indicator for serious complications after Da Vinci robotic surgical system radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer.
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In mammalian cells, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) form complexes with proteins to execute various biological functions such as gene transcription, RNA processing and other signaling activities. However, methods to track endogenous lncRNA dynamics in live cells and screen for lncRNA interacting proteins are limited. Here, we report the development of CERTIS (CRISPR-mediated Endogenous lncRNA Tracking and Immunoprecipitation System) to visualize and isolate endogenous lncRNA, by precisely inserting a 24-repeat MS2 tag into the distal end of lncRNA locus through the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In this study, we show that CERTIS effectively labeled the paraspeckle lncRNA NEAT1 without disturbing its physiological properties and could monitor the endogenous expression variation of NEAT1. In addition, CERTIS displayed superior performance on both short- and long-term tracking of NEAT1 dynamics in live cells. We found that NEAT1 and paraspeckles were sensitive to topoisomerase I specific inhibitors. Moreover, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) of the MS2-tagged NEAT1 lncRNA successfully revealed several new protein components of paraspeckle. Our results support CERTIS as a tool suitable to track both spatial and temporal lncRNA regulation in live cells as well as study the lncRNA-protein interactomes.
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Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of robot splenectomy.Methods 65 patients undergoing robotic or laparoscopic splenectomy at No.940 Hospital of Chinese people's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from Jan 2015 to Sep 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The operation time and total hospitalization cost of robot spleen resection group and laparoscopic splenectomy group were [(167 ± 34) min vs.(123 ± 24) min,t =8.554,P =0.00] and (73 002 ± 21 009) yuan vs.(42 095 ± 9 999) yuan,(t =6.484,P =0.00),respectively.In laparoscopy group,3 cases were converted to laparotomy.In the subgroup of splenic hilum thickness ≥ 5 cm,the intraoperative bleeding volume of robot group and laparoscopic group was (145 ± 67) ml vs.(263 ± 180) ml,(t =-2.195,P =0.04).There were significant differences in VAS score (3 ±1) vs.(4 ±1),(t=2.175,P=0.04).Conclusion Robotic splenectomy is safe and feasible.For patients with splenomegaly,robot surgery has more minimally invasive advantages than laparoscopy,but it is expensive and time-consuming.
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Objective:To investigate the application value of Clavien-Dindo classification in evaluation of postoperative short-term complications of Da Vinci robotic-assisted or laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy with D 2 lymphadenectomy. Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 262 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People′s Liberation Army from January 2016 to January 2019 were collected. There were 214 males and 48 females, aged (58±11) years, with a range from 17 to 81 years. Of 262 patients, 120 cases undergoing Da Vinci robotic-assisted total gastrectomy + D 2 lymphadenectomy + Roux-en-Y anastomosis were divided into robotic group, and 142 cases undergoing laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy + D 2 lymphadenectomy + Roux-en-Y anastomosis were divided into laparoscopic group. Observation indicators: (1) intraoperative and postoperative situations; (2) postoperative pathological examination; (3)complications; (4) stratified analysis; (5) follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect complications, tumor recurrence and survival of patients within postoperative 2 months. The follow-up was up to May 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ranked data between groups was analyzed using the rank sum test. Results:(1) Intraoperative and postoperative situations: cases undergoing conversion to open surgery, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, the number of lymph node dissected, time to first flatus, time to initial fluid diet intake, duration of postoperative hospital stay of the robotic group were 1, (243±42)minutes, 100 mL(range, 100-150 mL), 38±15, (2.8±1.0)days, 3 days(range, 3-4 days), 11 days(range, 9-13 days), respectively. The above indicators of the laparoscopic group were 2, (244±38)minutes, 100 mL(range, 100-150 mL), 34±14, (3.2±1.0)days, 4 days(range, 3-5 days), 10 days(range, 9-13 days), respectively. There were significant differences in the number of lymph node dissected, time to first flatus, time to initial fluid diet intake between the two groups ( t=2.068, -3.030, Z=-3.370, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in cases undergoing conversion to open surgery, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative hospital stay between the two groups ( χ2=0.000, t=-0.158, Z=-1.824, -0.088, P>0.05). (2) Postoperative pathological examination: cases with well differentiated tumor, moderately differentiated tumor, poorly differentiated tumor, signet ring cell carcinoma or other types of tumor, cases in stage T1b, T2, T3 or T4a (pT staging), cases in stage N0, N1, N2, N3a or N3b (pN staging), cases in stage ⅠB, ⅡA, ⅡB, ⅢA, ⅢB or ⅢC (pTNM staging) of the robotic group were 6, 50, 55, 9, 10, 22, 63, 25, 42, 19, 19, 24, 16, 17, 22, 23, 20, 23, 15, respectively. The above indicators of the laparoscopic group were 4, 42, 84, 12, 6, 18, 81, 37, 39, 27, 32, 19, 25, 13, 19, 28, 39, 16, 27, respectively. There was no significant difference in the above indicators between the two groups ( Z=-1.880, -1.827, -0.140, -1.460, P>0.05). (3) Complications: cases with complication classified as grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲa, grade Ⅲb, grade Ⅳa, grade Ⅳb of Clavien-Dindo classification, cases with death, cases with overall complications, cases with severe complications of the robotic group were 9, 6, 3, 2, 2, 0, 0, 22, 7, respectively. The above indicators of the laparoscopic group were 12, 15, 9, 6, 3, 1, 1, 47, 20, respectively. There were significant differences in cases with overall complications, cases with severe complications between the two groups ( χ2=7.309, 4.790, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in cases with complication classified as grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲa, grade Ⅲb, grade Ⅳa, grade Ⅳb of Clavien-Dindo classification, cases with death between the two groups ( χ2=0.080, 2.730, 1.042, 0.704, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, P>0.05). (4) Stratified analysis: of the patients with overall complications in robotic group, cases of male or female, cases aged ≥65 years or <65 years, cases with body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m 2 or <24 kg/m 2, cases with tumor diameter ≥5 cm or <5 cm, cases with or without abdominal surgery, cases with tumor located at upper stomach or middle stomach, cases in Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade or Ⅲ grade of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, cases with well differentiated tumor or undifferentiated tumor, cases in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ or stage Ⅲ (pTNM staging), cases with operation time ≥250 minutes or <250 minutes, cases with volume of intraoperative blood loss ≥150 mL or <150 mL, cases with the number of lymph node dissected ≥25 or <25 were 15, 7, 14, 8, 11, 11, 16, 6, 4, 18, 19, 3, 15, 7, 7, 15, 8, 14, 12, 10, 12, 10, 14, 8, respectively. The above indicators of patients with overall complications in the laparoscopic group were 33, 14, 17, 30, 16, 31, 36, 11, 11, 36, 27, 20, 31, 16, 13, 34, 14, 33, 24, 23, respectively. Of the patients with overall complication, there were significant differences in cases of male, cases aged ≥65 years or <65 years, cases with BMI<24 kg/m 2, cases with tumor diameter≥5 cm, cases without abdominal surgery, cases with tumor located at middle stomach, cases in Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade or Ⅲ grade of ASA classification, cases with well differentiated tumor, cases in stage Ⅲ (pTNM staging), cases with operation time ≥250 minutes, cases with volume of intraoperative blood loss <150 mL, cases with the number of lymph node dissected ≥25 between the two groups ( χ2=6.683, 4.207, 6.761, 7.438, 4.297, 6.325, 9.433, 3.970, 4.850, 4.911, 3.952, 3.915, 6.865, 4.128, P<0.05) and there was no significant difference in cases of female, cases with BMI≥24 kg/m 2, cases with tumor diameter <5 cm, cases with abdominal surgery, cases with tumor located at upper stomach, cases with undifferentiated tumor, cases in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ (pTNM staging), cases with operation time < 250 minutes, cases with volume of intraoperative blood loss ≥150 mL, cases with the number of lymph node dissected <25 between the two groups ( χ2=0.277, 1.052, 1.996, 1.552, 2.172, 2.594, 2.244, 3.771, 1.627, 3.223, P>0.05). (5) Follow-up: 262 patients were followed up postoperatively for 2 months. During the follow-up, no patient was diagnosed with tumor recurrence, and one patient in the laparoscopic group died of severe infection. Conclusions:The Clavien-Dindo classification can be used in evaluating postoperative short-term complications of Da Vinci robotic-assisted or laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy with D 2 lymphadenectomy. Compared with laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy with D 2 lymphadenectomy, Da Vinci robotic-assisted total gastrectomy with D 2 lymphadenectomy has the advantages of minimally invasiveness, low incidence of overall and severe complication.
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In mammalian cells, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) form complexes with proteins to execute various biological functions such as gene transcription, RNA processing and other signaling activities. However, methods to track endogenous lncRNA dynamics in live cells and screen for lncRNA interacting proteins are limited. Here, we report the development of CERTIS (CRISPR-mediated Endogenous lncRNA Tracking and Immunoprecipitation System) to visualize and isolate endogenous lncRNA, by precisely inserting a 24-repeat MS2 tag into the distal end of lncRNA locus through the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In this study, we show that CERTIS effectively labeled the paraspeckle lncRNA NEAT1 without disturbing its physiological properties and could monitor the endogenous expression variation of NEAT1. In addition, CERTIS displayed superior performance on both short- and long-term tracking of NEAT1 dynamics in live cells. We found that NEAT1 and paraspeckles were sensitive to topoisomerase I specific inhibitors. Moreover, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) of the MS2-tagged NEAT1 lncRNA successfully revealed several new protein components of paraspeckle. Our results support CERTIS as a tool suitable to track both spatial and temporal lncRNA regulation in live cells as well as study the lncRNA-protein interactomes.
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In mammalian cells, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) form complexes with proteins to execute various biological functions such as gene transcription, RNA processing and other signaling activities. However, methods to track endogenous lncRNA dynamics in live cells and screen for lncRNA interacting proteins are limited. Here, we report the development of CERTIS (CRISPR-mediated Endogenous lncRNA Tracking and Immunoprecipitation System) to visualize and isolate endogenous lncRNA, by precisely inserting a 24-repeat MS2 tag into the distal end of lncRNA locus through the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In this study, we show that CERTIS effectively labeled the paraspeckle lncRNA NEAT1 without disturbing its physiological properties and could monitor the endogenous expression variation of NEAT1. In addition, CERTIS displayed superior performance on both short- and long-term tracking of NEAT1 dynamics in live cells. We found that NEAT1 and paraspeckles were sensitive to topoisomerase I specific inhibitors. Moreover, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) of the MS2-tagged NEAT1 lncRNA successfully revealed several new protein components of paraspeckle. Our results support CERTIS as a tool suitable to track both spatial and temporal lncRNA regulation in live cells as well as study the lncRNA-protein interactomes.
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Objective@#The aim of this study was to understand the status of health examination on public health employees in Beijing, in order to further standardize the health management of the employees.@*Methods@#Questionnaire surveys and personal interviews were produced to obtain the basic information, physical examination, occupational training, knowledge of health laws and regulations, and satisfaction of employees. Pairwise comparison was conducted by chi-square test. Multivariate linear regression was used for multivariate analysis.@*Results@#The percentage of the public health employees who took the blood tests, X-ray examinations, fecal examinations, and skin examinations were 97.0%, 77.6%, 86.4%, and 51.0%, respectively. After excluding the skin examination, the completion rate of other examination items was 72.1%, and the difference of this rate between public hospitals and private hospitals were statistically significant (χ2=36.22, P<0.001; χ2=9.09, P=0.003; χ2=31.06, P<0.001). The percentage of correct answers to all the five questions was 3.2%, and age, working age and education level were positively correlated with knowledge scores of employees.@*Conclusions@#The problems in Beijing’s health examination of employees included poor examination quality, lack of supervision, inability to trace the source and low awareness rate of health knowledge, which suggested that counter measures should be taken immediately.
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Objective@#To explore the application value of early postoperative enteral eco-immune nutrition in the nutritional support treatment for intra-abdominal infection.@*Methods@#The prospective study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 62 patients with intra-abdominal infection who were admitted to the 940 Hospital of the People′s Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from February 2018 to December 2018 were collected. All patients were randomly divided into two groups by the envelope method with double-blind technique, including patients who began being given enteral eco-immune nutrition preparation at postoperative 24-48 hours in eco-immune group and patients who began being given simple enteral nutrition preparation at 24-48 hours in control group. Observation indicators: (1) analysis of immune function indices before treatment and after 7 days of treatment in the two groups; (2) postoperative conditions in the two groups; (3) follow-up. Follow-up using telephone interview was performed to detect complications and recurrence of infection up to May 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and intra-group comparison and comparison between groups were analyzed using the t test. Count data were represented as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test.@*Results@#Sixty-two patients were screened for eligibility, including 38 males and 24 females, aged (54±14)years, with the range of 22-81 years. There were 30 in the eco-immune group and 32 in the control group. (1) Analysis of immune function indices before treatment and after 7 days of treatment in the two groups: before treatment, the percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, ratio of CD4+ /CD8+, count of natural killer (NK) cells, levels of blood endotoxin and immunoglobulin A (IgA) for the eco-immune group were 61%±12%, 34%±5%, 28%±5%, 1.25±0.34, 17.26%±2.74%, (2.4±0.3)ng/L, and (1.7±0.5)g/L, versus 59%±11%, 33%±5%, 27%±4%, 1.27±0.36, 16.96%±2.99%, (2.5±0.5)ng/L, (1.8±0.5)g/L for the control group, respectively, there were no significant differences between the two groups (t=-0.563, -0.354, -0.987, 0.327, -0.462, 0.887, 0.991, P>0.05). After 7 days of treatment, the above indices for the eco-immune group were 62%±8%, 37%±6%, 27%±8%, 1.45±0.32, 22.63%±7.25%, (2.2±0.4)ng/L, and (2.3±0.4)g/L, versus 58%±8%, 32%±4%, 27%±6%, 1.26±0.22, 16.26%±2.10%, (2.7±0.6)ng/L, and (2.0±0.4)g/L for the control group, respectively, there were significant differences in the percentages of CD3+, CD4+, ratio of CD4+ /CD8+, count of NK cells, levels of blood endotoxin and IgA (t=-2.393, -4.336, -3.074, -5.338, 4.010, -3.155, P<0.05), but no significant difference in the percentage of CD8+ between the two groups (t=0.077, P>0.05). In the eco-immune group, the percentage of CD4+, ratio of CD4+ /CD8+, count of NK cells, levels of blood endotoxin and IgA showed significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t=-2.899, -2.739, -4.385, 2.157, -5.788, P<0.05), but the percentages of CD3+ and CD8+ showed no significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t=-0.490, 1.193, P>0.05). In the control group, the percentage of CD8+ and level of IgA showed significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t=3.659, -2.258, P<0.05), but the percentage of CD4+, ratio of CD4+ /CD8+, count of NK cells, and level of blood endotoxin showed no significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t=0.157, 0.759, 1.132, 1.212, -0.532, P>0.05). (2) Postoperative conditions in the two groups: the time to first flatus and duration of postoperative hospital stay of the eco-immune group were (2.4±0.5)days and (8±4)days, respectively, versus (2.9±0.7)days and (11±7)days of the control group; there were significant differences in the above indices between the two groups (t=-3.017, -2.764, P<0.05). In the eco-immune group, the incidence of complication was 6.7%(2/30), including 1 case of wound infection, 1 case of pulmonary infection. In the control group, the incidence of complication was 31.2%(10/32), including 6 cases of wound infection, 2 cases of pulmonary infection, 1 case of intra-abdominal infection, and 1 case of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. There was a significant difference in the incidence of complication between the two groups (χ2=4.122, P<0.05). The patients with infection were recovered after corresponding systematic conservative treatments. (3) Follow-up: of the 62 patients, 46 were followed up for 3-9 months, with a median follow-up time of 6 months, including 26 in the eco-immune group and 20 in the control group. During the follow-up, no complication or infection recurred in the two groups.@*Conclusion@#Compared with simple enteral nutrition, early postoperative enteral eco-immune nutrition in the nutritional support treatment is safe and effective for patients with intra-abdominal infection, which can enhance the immune function of patients, shorten the recovery time of patients, and reduce the incidence of infection complications.
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Objective To explore the application value of early postoperative enteral eco-immune nutrition in the nutritional support treatment for intra-abdominal infection.Methods The prospective study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 62 patients with intra-abdominal infection who were admitted to the 940 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force from February 2018 to December 2018 were collected.All patients were randomly divided into two groups by the envelope method with double-blind technique,including patients who began being given enteral eco-immune nutrition preparation at postoperative 24-48 hours in eco-immune group and patients who began being given simple enteral nutrition preparation at 24-48 hours in control group.Observation indicators:(1) analysis of immune function indices before treatment and after 7 days of treatment in the two groups;(2) postoperative conditions in the two groups;(3) follow-up.Follow-up using telephone interview was performed to detect complications and recurrence of infection up to May 2019.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean ± SD,and intra-group comparison and comparison between groups were analyzed using the t test.Count data were represented as absolute numbers or percentages,and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test.Results Sixty-two patients were screened for eligibility,including 38 males and 24 females,aged (54± 14)years,with the range of 22-81 years.There were 30 in the eco-immune group and 32 in the control group.(1) Analysis of immune function indices before treatment and after 7 days of treatment in the two groups:before treatment,the percentages of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,ratio of CD4+/CD8+,count of natural killer (NK) cells,levels of blood endotoxin and immunoglobulin A (IgA) for the eco-immune group were 61％ ± 12％,34％ ± 5％,28％ ± 5％,1.25 ± 0.34,17.26％±2.74％,(2.4±0.3)ng/L,and (1.7±0.5)g/L,versus 59％±11％,33％±5％,27％±4％,1.27± 0.36,16.96％ ±2.99％,(2.5± 0.5) ng/L,(1.8± 0.5) g/L for the control group,respectively,there were no significant differences between the two groups (t =-0.563,-0.354,-0.987,0.327,-0.462,0.887,0.991,P＞ 0.05).After 7 days of treatment,the above indices for the eco-immune group were 62％±8％,37％±6％,27％± 8％,1.45±0.32,22.63％±7.25％,(2.2±0.4) ng/L,and (2.3±0.4) g/L,versus 58％±8％,32％±4％,27％ ±6％,1.26±0.22,16.26％±2.10％,(2.7±0.6)ng/L,and (2.0±0.4)g/L for the control group,respectively,there were significant differences in the percentages of CD3+,CD4+,ratio of CD4+/CD8+,count of NK cells,levels of blood endotoxin and IgA (t =-2.393,-4.336,-3.074,-5.338,4.010,-3.155,P＜0.05),but no significant difference in the percentage of CD8+ between the two groups (t =0.077,P＞0.05).In the coo-immune group,the percentage of CD4+,ratio of CD4+/CD8+,count of NK cells,levels of blood endotoxin and IgA showed significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t =-2.899,-2.739,-4.385,2.157,-5.788,P＜0.05),but the percentages of CD3+ and CD8+ showed no significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t =-0.490,1.193,P＞ 0.05).In the control group,the percentage of CD8+ and level of IgA showed significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t=3.659,-2.258,P＜0.05),but the percentage of CD4+,ratio of CD4+/CD8+,count of NK cells,and level of blood endotoxin showed no significant differences after 7 days of treatment (t =0.157,0.759,1.132,1.212,-0.532,P＞0.05).(2) Postoperative conditions in the two groups:the time to first flatus and duration of postoperative hospital stay of the eco-immune group were (2.4± 0.5) days and (8± 4) days,respectively,versus (2.9±0.7)days and (11±7)days of the control group;there were significant differences in the above indices between the two groups (t =-3.017,-2.764,P＜0.05).In the eco-immune group,the incidence of complication was 6.7％(2/30),including 1 case of wound infection,1 case of pulmonary infection.In the control group,the incidence of complication was 31.2％ (10/32),including 6 cases of wound infection,2 cases of pulmonary infection,1 case of intra-abdominal infection,and 1 case of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.There was a significant difference in the incidence of complication between the two groups (x2=4.122,P＜ 0.05).The patients with infection were recovered after corresponding systematic conservative treatments.(3) Follow-up:of the 62 patients,46 were followed up for 3-9 months,with a median follow-up time of 6 months,including 26 in the eco-immune group and 20 in the control group.During the follow-up,no complication or infection recurred in the two groups.Conclusion Compared with simple enteral nutrition,early postoperative enteral eco-immune nutrition in the nutritional support treatment is safe and effective for patients with intra-abdominal infection,which can enhance the immune function of patients,shorten the recovery time of patients,and reduce the incidence of infection complications.
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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Da Vinci robot-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 472 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the 940 Hospital of the People's Liberation Joint Service from June 2016 to June 2018 were collected.There were 372 males and 100 females,aged (57± 11) years,with a range from 17 to 85 years.Patients underwent gastrointestinal angiography,magnetic resonance imaging,computed tomography or gastrointestinal endoscopy before surgery,and were diagnosed with gastric cancer by biopsy.Of the 472 patients,241 underwent Da Vinci robot-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer were allocated into robotic group and 231 underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy were allocated into laparoscopic group.Observation indicators:(1) surgical situations;(2) postoperative situations;(3) follow-up and survival.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect the tumor recurrence and metastasis and survival of patients up to January 30,2019.Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD,and comparison between groups was done using the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Count data were described as absolute number or percentage,and the chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.Comparison of ordinal data was done using the rank-sum test.The accumulative survival rate,tumor-bearing survival rate and mortality of tumor recurrence were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method,and Log-rank test was used for survival analysis.Results (1) Surgical situations:472 patients underwent successful operation,with R0 margin.Cases with total gastrectomy + D2 lymph node dissection + Roux-en-Y anastomosis,cases with distal subtotal gastrectomy + D2 lymph node dissection + Billroth Ⅱ anastomosis,operation time,upper margin distance,lower margin distance,tumor diameter,cases with shallow muscular invasion,deep muscular invasion,subserosal invasion and serosal invasion (depth of tumor invasion)were 107,134,(234±44)minutes,(4±3)cm,(6±4)cm,(5 ±3)cm,8,17,32,184 in the robotic group,and 94,137,(239±46)minutes,(4±3)cm,(6±4) cm,(5±3)cm,7,19,30,175 in the laparoscopic group,respectively;there was no significant difference in above indicators between the two groups (x2 =0.200,2.459,t =-1.212,-1.074,-0.420,-1.236,Z =0.171,P＞ 0.05).The volume of i ntraoperative blood loss,number of lymph nodes dissected in total gastrectomy,number of lymph nodes dissected in distal subtotal gastrectomy were (126±113)mL,45±14,and 36±18 in the robotic group,and (149±132) mL,39±14,30± 16 in the laparoscopic group,showing statistically significant differences between the two groups (t=-2.093,3.275,2.195,P＜0.05).(2) Postoperative situations:the time to recovery of gastrointestinal function,time of postoperative abdominal drainage tube removal,and hospitalization cost in the robotic group were (2.6 ± 0.6)days,(5.7± 1.2) days,and (100 157±44 888) yuan,respectively.The above indices of the laparoscopic group were (3.1±0.7)days,(7.0±3.0)days,and (82 220± 18 941)yuan,respectively.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (t =-5.371,-3.212,5.603,P ＜ 0.05).The duration of postoperative hospital stay was (12±6)days in the robotic group and (12±6)days in the laparoscopic group,with no significant difference between the two groups (t =0.755,P＞ 0.05).Eighteen out of 472 patients had complications.There were 3 cases of anastomotic leakage in the robotic group,2 cases of gastroplegia,1 case of duodenal stump,and 1 case of pulmonary infection,with a incidence of postoperative complication as 2.90％ (7/241).There were 4 cases of anastomotic leakage in the laparoscopic group,1 case of gastroplegia,1 case of duodenal stump,and 3 cases of pulmonary infection,with a incidence of postoperative complication as 3.90％ (9/231).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complication between the two groups (x2 =1.503,P ＞ 0.05).Patients with digestive tract fistula were re-explored and performed continuous flushing-negative pressure aspiration and nutritional support treatment,and then discharged after improvement.Patients with gastroplegia and lung infection were discharged after corresponding conservative treatment.(3) Follow-up and survival:404 out of 472 patients were followed up for 7-31 months,with a median follow-up time of 19 months,including 212 in the robotic group and 192 in the laparoscopic group.The 3-year survival rates were 96.70％ and 91.67％ in the robotic group and laparoscopic group,with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (x2=1.037,P＞0.05).During the follow-up,the tumor-beating survival rate and mortality of tumor recurrence of the robotic group were 0.47％ and 2.36％,respectively,versus 1.04％ and 6.77％ of the laparoscopic group,with statistically significant differences between the two groups (x2 =3.198,4.208,P＜0.05).Conclusion The Da Vinci robot-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer is safe and effective,which can reduce volume of intraoperative blood loss,shorten the postoperative recovery time,increase the number of lymph node dissection,however,it will increase the treatment expense.
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Perillyl alcohol, [4-isopropylene-1-cyclohexene] methanol, is a monocyclic monoterpene alcohol with special odorous similar to that of linalool and terpineol. It has application potential in pharmaceutical, daily chemical and food industries. In this study, one method for the synthesis of perillyl alcohol through the MVA pathway was studied. First, the MVA metabolic pathway originated from Enterococcus faecalis was constructed in Escherichia coli to synthesize limonene. Limonene was further transformed to perillyl alcohol by the hydroxylation of cytochrome P450 alkane hydroxylase. Furthermore, the shake flask fermentation condition of the engineered E. coli strain was optimized. The results showed that the engineered E. coli could produce about 50.12 mg/L perillyl alcohol through MVA pathway using glucose as raw material. In this study, the method of the MVA pathway for perillyl alcohol synthesis was constructed successfully in engineered E. coli, which provides both theoretical and technical support for terpenoids biosynthesis.
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Objective To compare the short-term clinical effects of Da Vinci robotic surgical systemassisted and laparoscopy-assisted operations for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinical data of 98 patients with GIST who were admitted to the Lanzhou General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army from June 2016 to May 2018 were collected.Of 98 patients,45 undergoing Da Vinci robotic surgical system-assisted surgery for GIST and 53 undergoing laparoscopy-assisted surgery for GIST were respectively allocated into the robotic group and laparoscopic group.The associate senior and above doctors performed the surgery.The wedge resection was applied to patients with diameter of gastric stromal tumor ＜ 5 cm,and subtotal gastrectomy + digestive tract reconstruction (gastrojejunostomy and Brauns anastomosis) were applied to patients with diameter of gastric stromal tumor ＞ 5 cm or tumor located in the cardia and pylorus.Patients with intestinal stromal tumor underwent intestinal resection + end-to-side anastomosis.Observation indicators:(1) surgical and postoperative situations;(2) follow-up.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect tumor recurrence or metastasis up to July 2018.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x-±s,and comparison between groups was done using the independent-sample t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range),and comparison between groups was done using nonparametric test.Comparisons of count data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results (1) Surgical and postoperative situations:98 patients underwent successful surgery.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,recovery time of gastrointestinal function,time of gastrointestinal decompression tube removal,time of abdominal drainage tube removal and duration of postoperative hospital stay were respectively (152± 49) minutes,100 mL (range,10-300 mL),(2.6 ± 0.6) days,(1.1 ± 0.3)days,(5.7±1.2)days,(8.3±1.3)days in the robotic group and (201±62)minutes,100 mL (range,5-600 mL),(3.1±0.7) days,(2.1 ± 1.5) days,(6.9 ± 3.4) days,(11.6 ± 7.0) days in the laparoscopic group,with statistically significant difference between groups (t =-3.983,Z =2.104,t =-3.776,-3.637,-2.018,-2.817,P＜0.05).(2) Follow-up:98 patients were followed up for 2-24 months,with a median time of 13 months.During the follow-up,there was no tumor recurrence or metastasis between groups.Conclusion Compared with laparoscopy-assisted surgery,Da Vinci robotic surgical system-assisted surgery for GIST is safe and feasible,with advantages of shorter operation time,faster postoperative recovery and shorter duration of hospital stay.
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Objective To investigate the effect of genistein on deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM) in uremic rats and its mechanism.Methods The uremic rat model was established by 5/6 nephrectomy.The model rats were divided into the genistein group(G) and control group (C).The sham-operation group served as the normal control(S).Urinary protein and biochemical indexes before operation,at postoperative 4,8 weeks were measured in various groups.The pathologic changes of renal tissue were observed.The glomerular sclerosis index(GSI) was evaluated by the semi-quantitative method.fibronectin(FN) and type Ⅳ collagen (ColⅣ) deposition situation were detected by using the immunohistochemical method.Western blot and RT-PCR were used to measure the protein expression and mRNA transcription of TGF-β1.Results Comparing postoperative 4 weeks with the group C,the urinary protein excretion amount was decreased[(11.63 ± 2.07) mg/d vs.(19.93 ± 3.19) mg/d,all P＜ 0.01],serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels of the group G were decreased[(9.39±0.59)mmol/L vs.(12.09±0.78)mmol/L,(65.11±3.79)mmol/L vs.(77.63±3.20)μmol/L,all P＜0.01].Until postoperative 8 weeks,the urinary protein excretion amount was decreased and the decrease of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels was more obvious.The deposition of ColⅣ and FN in renal glomerulus was lower than that of the control group[(17.30±1.96)％ vs.(24.68±3.97)％;(18.26±2.31)％ vs.(29.35±4.15)％,all P＜ 0.01].Glomerular sclerosis was significantly alleviated.The TGF-β1mRNA and protein expression were attenuated (P＜0.05).Conclusion Genistein can reduce the deposition of ECM in uremic rats and has a protective effect on kidney.
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Objective To observe the effect of daidzein on extracellular matrix of uremic rats and to discuss its mechanism.Methods Uremic rat model were established by 5/6 nephrectomized. Model rats were devided into daidzein group, control group. Rats with sham-operation were regarded as the normal control. At time of baseline, 4th and 8th week after operation, urinary protein and biochemical detection were measured. The pathologic changes, fibronectin (FN) and typeⅣcollagen (ColⅣ) were investigated at 8th week. The Western-Blot and RT-PCR were used to measure protein expression and mRNA transcription of TGF-β1. Results At 8th week after operation, the urinary protein (12.35 ± 2.13 mg/24 hvs. 19.93 ± 3.19 mg/24 h), serum urea (10.11 ± 0.65 mmol/Lvs.12.09 ± 0.78 mmol/L) and creatinine (68.10 ± 2.51μmol/Lvs.77.63 ± 3.20μmol/L) in the daidzein group decreased significantly than those in the control group (P<0.01). The deposition of ColⅣ (16.33% ± 2.14%vs. 24.68% ± 3.97%) and FN (19.17 ± 2.68 vs. 29.35 ± 4.15) in the daidzein group decreased significantly than those in the control group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, the pathological lesion in the daidzein group was less serious. The mRNA transcription (0.37 ± 0.06vs. 0.64 ± 0.08) and protein expression of TGF-β1 (0.28 ± 0.09vs. 1.40 ± 0.13) in the daidzein group were attenuated significantly than those in the control group (P<0.05). ConclusionsDaidzein had a beneficial effect on uremic rats. It may be associated with a decrease of extracellular matrix accumulation.
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Objective:To study the diagnostic value of combined detection of IAA,ICA and GADA in the classification of diabetes mellitus.Methods:30 cases of patients with type 1 diabetes who were treated in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected as A group,60 cases of patients with type 2 diabetes were selected as B group,50 cases of healthy people were selected as C group.The IAA,ICA and GADA of the three groups were detected by ELISA,and the positive rate of the three groups were compared.Results:The fasting glucose of A group was (10.12± 3.68) mmol/L,B group was (11.23± 3.26) mmol/L,A group and B group were significantly higher than that of C group (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between A group and B group (P＞0.05);the positive rates of GADA,ICA and IAA in A group and B group were significantly higher than those in C group (P＜0.05),and the positive rates of GADA,ICA and IAA in A group were significantly higher than those in B group (P＜0.05);the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of IAA,ICA and GADA in type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than that in the single test (P＜0.05).Conclusions:The combined detection of IAA,ICA and GADA has a high diagnostic value in the classification of diabetes mellitus,which is worth clinical application.
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Objective To analyze the effect of the fracture healing by using selective sensory radicotomy before and after the ganglion.Methods From September,2014 to August,2015,120 rats were averagely divided into 3 groups,which was the sham operate group(SO),the anterior injury of ganglion rhizotomy group (AGR) and the posterior injury of ganglion rhizotomy group (PGR).Tibial transverse fracture was performed on right or left randomly and the fracture was fixed with intramedullary.In coordination with the fractured-side,the selective radicotomy from L4 to L6 was made.The mRNA level of collagen-Ⅰ and collagen-Ⅱ in bony callus was quantified at 3,7 days and 2 weeks after the operation by RT-PCR(n=5).The histological examination,X-ray,biomechanical testing were performed at 4 and 8 weeks.The quantitative data of iconography and biomechanics was acquired by using the relative ration which resulted from fractured-side data dividing the unfractured-side one for every pair tibia in same rat.Results At 3 days after surgery,the mRNA of collagen-Ⅰ were 81.3±11.1,37.5±8.2 and 24.7±9.2,the mRNA of collagen-Ⅱ were 2.4±0.5,2.1±1.0 and 2.9±1.2 in SO,AGR and PGR group respectively;At 7 days after surgery,the mRNA of collagen-Ⅰ were 17.9±5.8,7.2±1.8 and 6.7±2.4,the mRNA of collagen-Ⅱ were 12.5±3.4,2.8±1.3 and 1.2±0.4 in SO,AGR and PGR group respectively.The SO group had significantly upregulation of collagen-Ⅰ and collagen-Ⅱ mRNA compared with the AGR and PGR groups at 3 days and 7 days respectively after surgery(P＜0.05).There was a significant difference of the collagen-Ⅱ between AGR group (2.8±1.3) and PGR group (1.2±0.4) at 7 days after injury(P＜ 0.05).The fracture bony callus in PGR group was a significantly larger and less ossified than that in the AGR group.The mechanical load of fracture in SO group was larger than that of the other 2 groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Sensory denervation negatively affects fracture-healing.The ganglion of sensory nerve plays an important role in bone fracture healing and normal innervation is essential for the fracture repair.
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Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of oxymatrine in auxiliary treatment of hepati-tis B virus(HBV) related primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC).Methods 345 patients were divided into treat-ment group (174 cases) and control group (171 cases).The control group was given hepatic artery chemoemboliza-tion therapy.The treatment group added with oxymatrine.The near future curative effect of solid tumor and patients'immune function,liver function,the improvement of the quality of life change,and adverse reaction were observed. Results KPS score of the treatment group was better(Z =-3.296,P 0.05;Between groups:t(after treatment:ALT) =2.417, t(after treatment:AFP) =2.432,P <0.05,t(after treatment:HBV -DNA) =2.674,P <0.01].Two groups appeared adverse reaction after chemotherapy,digestive system and hematopoietic system anomaly,the incidence rates of adverse events in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (χ2 2 2 white blood cel s decreased =46.969,χthe pain =46.977,χheating =22.499,χ2nausea,vomiting =88.749,P <0.05).Conclusion The oxymatrine auxiliary treatment for HBV related PHC has curative effect,safe and reliable,and can significantly improve the patients quality of life,it is worth promoting.
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Objective To sum up the measures for nursing the patients with laparoscopic gastrectomy-induced anastomotic leakage treated by open center vacuum aspiration. Method We retrospectively reviewed the histories of 22 patients with laparoscopic gastrectomy-induced anastomotic leakage to look into the nursing measures to look into the management of open vacuum aspiration , observation of the drainage, leakage care, mental care. Results The time for open center vacuum aspiration was between 10 to 17 days, averaged (15.63 ± 3.22)d. The hospital stay was between 13 to 23 days, averaged (17.21 ± 5.47)d. No complications were observed. Conclusions The nursing measures for managing the anastomotic leakage can be effective in improving the effect of peritoneal irrigation. The mental care can be effective for the reduction of patients′pains so as to promote the heal of the leakages.
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This study was aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of nano-realgar in treatment of systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) lupus nephritis (LN). Intragastric administration of equal volume of high-, middle-, low-dose nano-realgar suspension, and normal saline (NS) were given to MRL/lpr mice, respectively. The observations were made on levels of ANA, ds-DNA antibody, IgG and IgM in blood serum, as well as TWEAK, NF-κB, MCP-1 mRNA and protein expression levels in renal tissues. The results showed that compared with the NS group, levels of ANA, ds-DNA antibody, IgG and IgM were obviously reduced (P < 0.05); the levels of TWEAK, NF-κB and MCP-1 mRNA were obviously reduced (P < 0.05); the protein expression levels of TWEAK, NF-κB and MCP-1 mRNA were obviously reduced (P < 0.05) in the high-, middle-, low-dose nano-realgar group. It was concluded that nano-realgar intervened the TWEAK-NF-κB signal pathway through downregulating MCP-1 expression among MRL/lpr mice, in order to reduce the levels of ANA, ds-DNA antibody, IgG and IgM for relieving autoimmune damages in the treatment of SLE (LN).